题目内容
【题目】New drivers who are caught using a phone at the wheel will lose their license under new law that comes into force today.
From Wednesday anyone found calling, texting or using an app while driving will face a 200 pounds on-the-spot fine and six points on their license. It means that new drivers—who can lose a maximum of six points before being banned for the first two years after passing their test—will face an immediate ban for sending a single text message. Previously they were able to avoid getting points on their license by taking part in retraining courses. More experienced motorists can lose their license if they receive 12 points in a three-year period.
It follows a tragic(灾难的) incident in which Polish lorry driver Tomasz Kroker killed four members of the same family after failing to stop while scrolling (滚动) through music on his phone. Twenty-two people were killed and 99 seriously injured in accidents on Britain’s roads in 2015 where a motorist using a mobile was a main cause of accidents.
Research by the RAC has found that one in four motorists admit checking texts, emails and social media while driving. Chris Grayling, the Transport Secretary, said increasing punishment would act as a “strong deterrent(震慑物)”. He added, “Everyone has a part to play in encouraging their family and friends not to use their phones while driving. It is as inexcusable(不可原谅的) as drink-driving. ”
【1】People will lose six points on their license while driving except________.
A. calling B. texting
C. using an app D. carrying phones
【2】Who will lose his license according to the passage?
A. New drivers lose 5 points for the first two years.
B. New drivers lose 6 points during three years.
C. Experienced drivers lose 12 points in three years.
D. Experienced drivers lose 6 points in three years.
【3】What led to the appearance of the new law?
A. The research by the RAC.
B. A serious accident.
C. The survey of the website.
D. The news on TV.
【4】What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. More severe punishment is effective.
B. Most of drivers use phones while driving.
C. A driver’s family and friends make no difference.
D. Using phones while driving is more harmful than drink-driving.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】C
【3】B
【4】A
【解析】
本文为说明文。从周三开始，任何人被发现开车时打电话、发短信或使用应用程序都将面临200英镑的现场罚款和驾照扣损失6分的惩罚。新的法律对于事故的发生起着强有力的威慑作用。
【1】细节理解题。根据第二段的From Wednesday anyone found calling, texting or using an app while driving will face a 200 pounds on-the-spot fine and six points on their license. 可知，“从周三开始，任何人发现开车时打电话、发短信或使用应用程序都将面临200英镑的现场罚款和驾照扣6分的惩罚。”由此可知，A、B和C三者都是要扣分的，D项带着手机是可以的，故D项符合题意。
【2】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句More experienced motorists can lose their license if they receive 12 points in a three-year period.可知，“经验丰富的驾车者如果在三年内被罚12分，就会失去驾照”由此可知，C项符合题意，故选C项。
【3】推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，由于驾驶过程中出现的重大事故，导致了恶性事件，多人死亡，从而促使了新法律的出现。分析选项可知B符合题意。
【4】推理判断题。根据最后一段Chris Grayling, the Transport Secretary, said increasing punishment would act as a “strong deterrent(震慑物)”. He added, “Everyone has a part to play in encouraging their family and friends not to use their phones while driving. It is as inexcusable(不可原谅的) as drink-driving. ”可知，更严重的惩罚将起到“强有力的威慑作用”。分析选项可知A项（更严厉的惩罚是有效的）符合题意。故选A项。
【题目】请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
A psychotherapist once taught me a little trick that helped me feel less angry at my partner and less sad about the failings of our relationship.
She said, "Look at him and imagine him as a very little boy; that way, you separate yourself somewhat from the adult, and you are likely to understand and forgive him."
It actually helped. I couldn't be as mad at or disappointed by a child as I could be with a grown man. So, at least on some occasions, we were both spared the heartache of an uncomfortable silence or a not-so-silent argument. And I sometimes still use versions of that trick whenever I feel frustrated or angry in other relationships or personal exchanges.
But what if you could mentally change the form of the emotion itself? According to scientists at the University of Texas, maybe you can.
Focusing specifically on sadness, the researchers asked two groups of study participants to write about a time in their lives when they felt very sad. They then asked one group to imagine sadness as a person, and write down a description of the person they imagined would be sadness. Not surprisingly, the participants described sadness in such ways as an older person with gray hair and sunken eyes or a young girl holding her head down as she slowly walked along.
The researchers asked the other group of participants to write down a description of sadness with respect to its impact on their moods. When asked to rate their levels of sadness after completing their descriptions, the participants who wrote about the emotion itself and how it affects them reported higher levels of sadness than the group that anthropomorphized (人格化)sadness into a specific type of person with familiar human characteristics. The researchers suggest that by giving life to the emotion, participants can view sadness as something (or someone) separate and somewhat distant from themselves, helping them relieve their negative feelings.
While it's okay to feel sad, many people behave in unconscious and sometimes self-destructive ways to distract or "save" themselves when they are consumed by negative emotions. So in the study authors wanted to know whether or not the group that reported feeling less sad would make smarter shopping decisions.
They tested this by asking participants in both groups to first choose between a salad or a cheesecake dessert to go with the main dish they were having for lunch. The researchers also asked participants to choose between a computer loaded with features for productivity or a computer loaded with features for entertainment. Those study participants who had anthropomorphized their emotions were more likely to choose the salad and the productive computer than those who had simply written about their feelings.
For obvious reasons, then, they say this technique is best for reduce negative emotions.
A Little Trick to Help You Feel 【1】Sad | |
Passage outlines | Supporting details |
The writer's experience | When he was angry with his partner, the writer was able to improve his mood by 【2】 his partner as a little boy, which is sometimes 【3】to both sides. |
This trick can mentally change the form of people's emotion | It is no【4】that the study participants tend to picture sadness as an older person or an unhappy girl. The participants who describe their emotion as a person have a 【5】level of sadness than those who merely describe their emotion itself. |
This trick can 【6】people's consumption decisions | When lost in negative emotions, people may lose 【7】of themselves and behave in self-destructive ways. Participants who give 【8】to the emotion prefer salad while those who don't choose food 【9】in sugar and caloric. |
【10】 | This little trick can help people reduce negative feelings. |