Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir(回忆录)of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.

Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.

Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.

Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.

Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent(独立的)spirit in their work.

Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives(目标)that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.

Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?

   A. Top managers.                    B. Language learners.

   C. Serious educators.                 D. Science organizations.

The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.

   A. attracted to teaching               B. tired of teaching

   C. satisfied with teaching             D. unhappy about teaching

Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?

   A. The University of Chicago.         B. Stanford University.

   C. Ohio State University.             D. Nebraska University.

Once my friend Peterson bought a pack of chicken, the brand of which was very famous at that time. But when he got home he found that the chicken had gone bad. He took the chicken back to the shop and he was paid twice of the price. We may say now he should have been satisfied but my friend would not like to stop. He decided to write a letter to Frank, president of the company, who was also the founder of the chicken brand.

About a week later he received a letter written by the president himself. In the letter he apologized to my friend for it whole –heartedly .There was also a card in the envelope ,with which my friend could get another pack of chicken in any of the shops. In the end my friend was asked to answer some questions.

1. When and where did you buy the chicken?

2. What was the real problem of the chicken?

3. What did the shop ass istant say when you took the chicken back to the shop?

4. W hat do you think is the reason for the chicken to go bad?

5. What do you suggest we should do to get away from such problems?

Two days later, my friend also received a telephone call from the president’s office, asking whether he had received the letter as well as the card and then some other questions. Since then, my friend has always bought chicken of this brand whenever he wants to.

1.What did the friend get when he took the bad chicken back to the shop?

A. Another pack of chicken.

B. Two packs of chicken.

C. Double the price.

D. A whole-hearted apology.

2.What did the author’s friend do when he came back from the shop after he was paid back?

A. He felt satisfied with the result.

B. He wrote a letter to the President of the US.

C. He became very angry with the shop assistant.

D. He wrote a letter to the president of the company.

3.What is the author’s friend’s attitude towards the chicken brand?

A. He still believes in it.

B. He doesn’t believe it at all.

C. He will never buy it again.

D. He has never been satisfied with it.

4.What can we infer from the passage?

A. The company may still be a top brand now.

B. The president of the company is a responsible person.

C. The company must have closed down.

D. The author may also believe in the chicken brand.

 

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