Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like t 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins. But they aren’t the same. Why are these old Italian violins so special? Many people think they have an answer.

Some people think it is the age of the violins. But there is a problem here. Not all old violins sound wonderful. Only those from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer.

Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood. The wood of the violin is very important. It must be from certain kinds of trees. It must not be too young or too old. Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins.

But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this is the secret of the Italians.

Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists make new violins that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old one. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish（清漆）, which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrument. Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish, no one can make the same varnish today.

There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. And there are not many of the old violins left. So these old violins are becoming more and more precious.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A．The Secrets of Cremona Violins

B．The History of Italian Violins

C．Special Musical Instruments

D．How to Make the Best Violins

2.The main purpose of the first paragraph is to_______________

A．list some facts B．raise a question

C．give an opinion D．offer an answer

3.What is still unclear about Cremona violins according to the writer?

A．The shape． B．The size． C．The wood． D．The varnish．

4.Which of the following words can best describe Cremona violins?

A．Light． B．Shining． C．Valuable．D．Modern

5.What can we learn from this passage?

A．Modem things are always better than ancient ones

B．Ancient things are always better than modem ones

C．Once a cultural relic is lost．it Can never be recovered

D．Varnish for violins will become more and more precious

【答案】

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.C

【解析】

试题分析：文章主要中讲到200年前在克雷莫纳生产的小提琴是最好的。那为什么呢？科学家和小提琴制造者进行了各种各样的研究。有人认为是个小提琴的时间有关，还有人认为跟制作的木头有关，另外有人认为和大小和形状有关，但这都被否定了。最后有人说跟小提琴上的清漆有关，由于不知道古代的意大利人用什么清漆，这个得不到证明。

1..主旨大意题。根据第一段Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago.大多数音乐家都同意最好的小提琴是在200年前意大利的克雷莫纳生产的；Why are these old Italian violins so special? Many people think they have an answer.为什么古意大利的小提琴那么特别呢?许多人认为这是有原因的。接下来文章讲了各种各样的说法并作出分析。所以选A。

2.写作目的题。第一段主要提出了问题Why are these old Italian violins so special?下文开始分析问题。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish, no one can make the same varnish today. 由于没有谁知道意大利的小提琴制造者使用了什么清漆，如今没人能做出相同的清漆。故选D.

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. And there are not many of the old violins left. So these old violins are becoming more and more precious.从来没有其它的小提琴像克雷莫纳的一样，而且古老的克雷莫纳小提琴数量也不多。因此这些古琴就越来越珍贵了。故选C。

5.故选C。推理判断题。从文中我们知道，我们再也做不出象200年前克雷莫纳那样的古琴。也就说明，一旦一种文化遗产丢失了，就再也不能恢复了

考点：考查文化发展类短文阅读。

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The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450-1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned on. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.

These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period--- how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music --- although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.

The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half-though at different rates in different countries---that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.

1. What does the author mean by using the word “eventually” in line 3?

A. That music historians used the term “Renaissance” after the other historians did

B. That most music historians used the term “Renaissance”

C. The term “Renaissance” became widely used by art historians but not by music historians

D. That music historians used the term “Renaissance” very differently than it had been used by Jules Michelet

2. The phrase "frowned on" in line 9 is closest in meaning to

A. given up B. forgotten about C. argued about D. disapproved of

3. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of__.

A. communication among artists across Europe

B. spirituality in everyday life

C. a cultural emphasis on human values

D. religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes

4. According to the passage, why was Bemardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?

A. It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.

B. It had little emotional impact on audiences.

C. It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.

D. It did not contain enough religious themes.

5. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a single Renaissance musical style?

A. The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style.

B. The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.

C. Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians.

D. During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.

第Ⅱ卷(共45分)

注意事项：

1.第II卷共4页。用0.5毫米黑色签字笔答在试卷的相应位置。

2.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第四部分书面表达(共二节，满分45分)

第一节阅读表达(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按要求完成76—80题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

Electronic devices(装置) are changing the way people listen to music. But studies show the devices may be causing hearing loss in many people. Some experts say people may be playing them too loud and too long. And experts say sound levels on these devices need to be set lower.

Researchers did a study with three hundred high school students and one thousand adults. They were asked about their use of portable music devices. Forty percent of the students and adults said they set the sound levels at high on their players. But students were twice more likely to play the music at a very loud volume(音量). More than half of the students said they would probably not limit their listening time.

The study found that more than half of the students and less than forty percent of the adults had at least one kind of hearing loss. Some reported difficulty hearing parts of a discussion between two people. Others said they had to raise volume controls on a television or radio to hear it better. And, some experienced ringing in their ears or other noises.

Hearing experts say part of the problem is the listening equipment people are using. They say large earphones that cover the whole ear are probably safer than the smaller earbuds(耳塞) that come with most music players. Hearing loss may not be obvious for years, however, once it happens, there is few chance of curing. About thirty million Americans have some hearing loss. One third of them lost their hearing as a result of loud noises.

The American Speech-language-Hearing Association is working with companies and government officials on setting rules for use of portable music devices. The group says the best way to protect your hearing is to _______, limit listening time and use earphones that block out foreign noises.

76．What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________________77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Compared to adults, teenagers are more likely to turn up their players.

_______________________________________________________________________________78．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________________79．What trouble will happen to a person if he suffers some hearing loss? (Please give at least two examples mentioned in the passage, each within 15 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________________80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

_______________________________________________________________________________

第II卷（共45分）

第四部分书面表达（共二节，满分45分）

第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分1

阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

76．What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Compared to adults, teenagers are more likely to turn up their players.

78．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

79．What trouble will happen to a person if he suffers some hearing loss? (Please give at least two examples mentioned in the passage, each within 15 words.)

80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

第Ⅱ卷(共45分)

注意事项：

1.第II卷共4页。用0.5毫米黑色签字笔答在试卷的相应位置。

2.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第四部分书面表达(共二节，满分45分)

第一节阅读表达(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按要求完成下面试题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

76．What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________________77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Compared to adults, teenagers are more likely to turn up their players.

_______________________________________________________________________________80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

Electronic devices（装置）are changing the way people listen to music. But studies show the devices may be causing hearing loss in many people. Some experts say people may be playing them too loud and for too long. And experts say sound levels on these devices need to be set lower.

Researchers did a study with three hundred high school students and one thousand adults. They were asked about their use of portable music devices. Forty percent of students and adults said they set the sound levels at high on their players. But students were two times more likely to play the music at a very loud volume（音量）.More than half of the students said they would probably not limit their listening time.

Hearing experts say part of the problem is the listening equipment people are using. They say large earphones that cover the whole ear are probably safer than the smaller earbuds（耳塞）that come with most music players. Hearing loss may not be obvious for years, however, once it happens, there is few chance of curing. About thirty million Americans have some hearing loss. One third of them lost their hearing as a result of loud noises.

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76．What is the best title of the passage?（Please answer within 10 words.）

77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Compared to adults, teenagers are more likely to turn up their players.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　______________________________________

78．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　______________________________________

79．What trouble will happen to person if he suffers some hearing loss?（Please give at least two examples mentioned it the passage, each within 15 words.）

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80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

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