D Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman to earn a bachelor’s degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A chemist, social activist, teacher, and first woman member of the Institute 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman to earn a bachelor’s degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A chemist, social activist, teacher, and first woman member of the Institute of Engineering, she believed that housekeeping was a science. As a progressive thinker at the time, she thought that women needed to learn about money matters and have up-to-date information on cleanliness and nutrition. She encouraged women from all backgrounds to get the best education possible.

Ellen was born in 1842 and was brought up in Massachusetts. A graduate of Vassar College in New York, she returned to New England to attend MIT. After her marriage to Professor Robert Richards, she worked in a laboratory at MIT, examining pollution of water sources in Massachusetts. Her work led to the creation of the first food-inspection (检验) laws of that state. She was instructor at MIT from 1884 until her death in 1911.

Like other progressive thinkers of the time, Ellen was worried about problems of the poor and the effect of the environment on society. She considered the environment a key factor in quality of life. Within the family, as in the world at large, science was chief in tools used to help the poor. Science could help to manage money matters, keep a home safe and clean, and improve quality of life. Food properly cooked could be tasty, nutritious, and inexpensive. Better and cheaper food could protect the health and improve the lives of working-class families.

Ellen created the science of housekeeping, now called home economics, and elevated（提升）it to a serious college subject. She worked tirelessly as a national leader in developing standards, materials, and teacher training for this new field. Her publications cover many subjects—from the chemistry of cooking and cleaning to the cost of living.

57. According to the text, Ellen __________.

A. provided new jobs for the poor B. helped to create new kinds of food

C. set up the field of home economics D. created the ideas of food-inspection laws

58. As a progressive thinker, Ellen __________.

A. suggested people cook their own meals at home

B. believed cheap food was better than expensive one

C. advised women to get the best education possible

D. considered money matters a key factor in quality of life

59. Ellen believed that __________.

A. poor families knew how to manage money

B. families were well informed about good nutrition

C. cheaper food could not protect people’s health

D. families spent much on food but were not well nourished

60. One can infer that, as a result of the efforts of people such as Ellen, __________.

A. one may study home economics at a university for a career

B. the pollution of water sources is no longer a problem

C. most people today learn to cook at school

D. science does not help much within the family as in the world

【答案】

57---60 CCDA

【解析】略

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阅读理解

　　For a small town, Manhattan ,Kansas has some big surprises, And one of them is the Holiday Inn Hotel, with rooms built around a swimming pool and a friendly family atmosphere.

　　The Holiday Inn is where Manhattan people often go for a special party or a night out. A lot of them choose to eat in the brightly-lit restaurant near the pool. And many of them will be served by Ellen Logan, who has worked as a waitress here for more than two years.

　　Ellen, like most of the waitresses is also a student. She comes from Nebraska, but she's planning one day to be a veterinary surgeon, and to care for small animals. But in order to support herself at college, she works twenty hours a week at the Holiday Inn.

　　Ellen soon learns what every waitress finds out. You had better have a good pair of shoes. She paid forty-five dollars for hers, much more than she would usually spend. She's discovered something else, too. You don't have to know much about food be a good waitress, but you do have to know a lot about people.

　　“A lot of business people always stay here when they come to Manhattan,” she explains. “They like you to recognize them and remember their favorite dishes. But some couples come for a night out together. They just want to be left alone. Then there are people who can't make up their minds. They look down at the menu and say ‘What do you suggest! So I ask them how hungry they are. If they say‘ Not very,’ I suggest the salad bar with soup, salad, bread, and a fruit plate. But if they say they're very hungry, I suggest a Kansas Strip Steak, with potatoes or rice. You get salad and bread as well. It's very nice. Real good value.”

　　Ellen may get tired feet sometimes, but at least she's learning too much about people. She'll probably make a good animal doctor, but if she finds she doesn't like it after all, she can always become a psychiatrist (心理医生) instead.

(1)A good title for this passage is ________.

[　　]

A. Ellen Logan at the Holiday Inn

B. American Holiday Inn

C. A Special Holiday Inn Hotel in Manhattan

D. How to Deal with People

(2)The underlined phrase“ a veterinary surgeon” means ________.

[　　]

A. an animal doctor

B. an animal trainer

C. a hotel manager

D. a food expert

(3)From the passage we can infer that ________.

[　　]

A. waitresses in the Holiday Inn are all students

B. waitresses are required to buy a good pair of shoes before they go to work

C. waitresses should be familiar with the food there

D. it is more important for the waitresses to know much about people than food

(4)According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A. The Holiday Inn hotel is one of the big surprises in Manhattan.

B. Businessmen like to be recognized by the people and suggested what to eat.

C. The couples like to be left alone.

D. One of the reasons why people like to eat in the hotel is that it is full of a friendly atmosphere.

(5)From the passage we get to know that ________.

[　　]

A. waitresses have to deal with all kinds of people except couples

B. the Holiday Inn Hotel is a good hotel except the place where it lies

C. Ellen Logan may get tired of the job sometimes because her feet get fired often

D. Ellen Logan will help the people who aren't sure which food to choose to eat

阅读理解

　　For a small town, Manhattan ,Kansas has some big surprises, And one of them is the Holiday Inn Hotel, with rooms built around a swimming pool and a friendly family atmosphere.

(1)A good title for this passage is ________.

[　　]

A. Ellen Logan at the Holiday Inn

B. American Holiday Inn

C. A Special Holiday Inn Hotel in Manhattan

D. How to Deal with People

(2)The underlined phrase“ a veterinary surgeon” means ________.

[　　]

A. an animal doctor

B. an animal trainer

C. a hotel manager

D. a food expert

(3)From the passage we can infer that ________.

[　　]

A. waitresses in the Holiday Inn are all students

B. waitresses are required to buy a good pair of shoes before they go to work

C. waitresses should be familiar with the food there

D. it is more important for the waitresses to know much about people than food

(4)According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A. The Holiday Inn hotel is one of the big surprises in Manhattan.

B. Businessmen like to be recognized by the people and suggested what to eat.

C. The couples like to be left alone.

D. One of the reasons why people like to eat in the hotel is that it is full of a friendly atmosphere.

(5)From the passage we get to know that ________.

[　　]

A. waitresses have to deal with all kinds of people except couples

B. the Holiday Inn Hotel is a good hotel except the place where it lies

C. Ellen Logan may get tired of the job sometimes because her feet get fired often

D. Ellen Logan will help the people who aren't sure which food to choose to eat

阅读理解

     The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the
Red Hat Society －a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.
     "My grandmothers didn't do anything but keep house and serve everybody. They were programmed
to do that," said Emily Cornette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.
     While men have long spent their time fishing and playing golf, women have sometimes seemed to
become unnoticed as they age. But the generation now turning 50 is the baby boomers, and the same
people who refused their parents' way of being young are now trying a new way of growing old.
     If you take into consideration feminism(女权主义), a bit of spare money, and better health for most
elderly, the Red Hat Society looks almost inevitable(必然的). In this society, women over 50 wear red
hats and purple clothes, while the women under 50 wear pink hats and light purple clothing.
     "The organization took the idea from a poem by Jenny Joseph that begins: "When I am an old woman,
I shall wear purple. With a red hat which doesn't go," said Ellen Cooper, who founded the Red Hat
Society in 1998. When the ladies started to wear the red hats, they attracted lots of attention.
    "The point of this is that we need a rest from always doing something for someone else," Cooper said. "Women feel so ashamed and sorry when they do something for themselves." This is why chapters are
discouraged from raising money or doing anything useful. "We're a ladies' play group. It couldn't be more
simple," added Cooper's assistant Joe Heywood.

1. The underlined word "chapter" in paragraph 2 means __________.

A. one branch of an organization
B. a written agreement of a club
C. one part of a collection of poems
D. a period in a society's history of the baby boomers

2. The "baby boomers" are a group of people who

A. have gradually become more noticeable
B. tried living a different life from their parents when they were young
C. are worried about getting old too quickly
D. are enjoying a good life with plenty of money to spend

3. We can infer from the text that          .

A.  members of the Red Hat Society are interested in raising money for social work
B.  members of the Red Hat Society are programmers who can plan well for their future
C. members of the Red Hat Society believers in equality between men and women
D.  members of the Red Hat Society are good at cooking big meals and taking care of others

4. Who set up the Red Hat Society ?

A. Emily Cornette .
B. Jenny Joseph .
C. Joe Heywood .
D. Ellen Cooper .

5. Women join the Red Hat Society because          .

A. they want to earn much money.
B. they would like to appear more attractive
C. they would like to have fun and live for themselves
D. they want to be more like their parents

57. According to the text, Ellen __________.

A. provided new jobs for the poor B. helped to create new kinds of food

C. set up the field of home economics D. created the ideas of food-inspection laws

58. As a progressive thinker, Ellen __________.

A. suggested people cook their own meals at home

B. believed cheap food was better than expensive one

C. advised women to get the best education possible

D. considered money matters a key factor in quality of life

59. Ellen believed that __________.

A. poor families knew how to manage money

B. families were well informed about good nutrition

C. cheaper food could not protect people’s health

D. families spent much on food but were not well nourished

60. One can infer that, as a result of the efforts of people such as Ellen, __________.

A. one may study home economics at a university for a career

B. the pollution of water sources is no longer a problem

C. most people today learn to cook at school

D. science does not help much within the family as in the world

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