题目内容

【题目】听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。

1Why is Alice called Little Miss Sunshine?

A.She is helpful.B.She is beautiful.C.She sings very well.

2Who is the youngest in the class?

A.Jane.B.Bob.C.Jim.

【答案】

1B

2A

【解析】

【原文】

M: How do you like your new school, Kathy?

W: Great. I’m making a lot of friends.

M: Really?

W: Yes…like Jim, Gary, Alice, and many others.

M: Which Alice?

W: She is the one from the small town, and she dances very well. We all call her Little Miss Sunshine.

M: Why do you call her that?

W: Because she is very beautiful. Many people love to play with her.

M: Is she younger than you?

W: No. She is the same age as me. She’s also five. Jane is the youngest in our class. She is only four years old.

M: Then who is the oldest?W: I don’t know. But I know Jim is the tallest and Bob is the strongest in our class.

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【题目】Sleep Tips: Steps to Better Sleep

Think about all the factors that can influence a good night’s sleep from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges. 1 While you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep.

Stick to a sleep schedule.

The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. 2 Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Go ahead to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed.

Pay attention to what you eat and drink.

Don’t go to bed hungry or full. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. 3 Nicotine, coffee and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine take hours to disappear. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy, it can interrupt sleep later in the night.

Create a restful environment.

Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. 4 Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs.

Limit daytime naps.

Long daytime naps can affect nighttime sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up for sleep debt.

5

Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime it raises your body temperature so that your sleep is disturbed. However, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.

A.Your discomfort might keep you up.

B.It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes difficult to get.

C.Sleeping with light on might make it more challenging to fall sleep.

D.Go to bed and get up at the same time every day.

E.Know how to manage worries.

F.Include physical activity in your daily routine.

G.Read or listen to relaxing music.

【题目】 Ladies, if you find yourselves wandering an unknown city with a man who is questioning your directional abilities, don’t doubt yourselves.

A recent small study published in the journal Psychological Science found that the longstanding theory that women have a more difficult time reading maps wasn’t true.

Historically, men have performed better than women in studies that tested their spatial(空间的)ability. But the leading study author Margaret Tarampi and a researcher from the University of California, Santa Barbara theorized that social influences had an effect on this outcome: The cultural belief that women are worse at reading maps could be seen as a stereotype(固有模式) threat, meaning women believe they’re bad at something, so they perform poorly as a result. The researchers also theorized that women performed better at skills that involve a social element. In other words, if reading a map means helping someone else, they might perform better.

Tarampi and her team tested both theories on undergraduate students at UCSB across three separate experiments. And, indeed, the results showed that men scored better than women only when they were mentioned the stereotype of male superiority before the test.

When the researchers did not mention it and gave a social context for reading the map, women’s scores improved across the board. Women also performed better when the test maps simply included human figures, rather than just random objects and landmarks.

So ladies, next time you struggle to figure out whether you should make a left or right at the Louvre, take out your tourist map with a healthy dose of confidence.

1What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A.To warn women of one of their shortcomings.

B.To introduce the topic of the passage.

C.To encourage women to read maps.

D.To state a social phenomenon.

2Women are thought to be worse at reading maps because of .

A.a poor sense of directionB.a lack of experience

C.a social stereotypeD.threats from others

3Men performed better than women in the study when .

A.they were asked to help someone else by reading a map

B.they were informed of the stereotype before the test

C.the test maps simply included human figures

D.there were social elements in the map

4What can be concluded from the passage?

A.Women can read maps as well as men.B.Women are better drivers than men.

C.Women always have difficulty reading maps.D.Women are better at spatial ability.

【题目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Most people don’t need science to appreciate the importance of a mother’s love.

But to understand how early maltreatment can derail a child’s development requires careful study. In a famous research, Harry Harlow had demonstrated that proper psychological and physical development of infants requires nurturing and attention from a parent. 1 In that research, socially isolated monkey babies that were removed from their mothers were found to be clinging to a cloth-covered surrogate(替代的) mother for comfort.

Such experimentations sound cruel. They, however, have been critical in helping change policies in human orphanages( 孤儿院 ) in the U.S. For centuries some orphanages treated infants equally inhumanely. Despite early evidence that orphanage infants were far more likely to die than others, supporters argued that it didn’t matter whether children had “parents” specially devoted to them at the orphanage. 2 Orphans were supposed to be in positive mental and physical health until adoptive parents were found. Babies, they said, couldn’t remember anyway.

The harrowing consequences of these theories were most vividly brought to light in Romania in the 1980s and ‘90s. A ban on abortion(流产 ) led to a surge in orphanage babies. Simply being fed and changed without individualized affection, some babies present serious problems. Many developed violent behaviors, repetitively rocking or banging their heads. Some were cold and withdrawn or indiscriminately affectionate. 3 Their head sizes were especially small.

They even had problems with attention and comprehension. The longer these children were left alone, the more damage was seen.

The lack of a secure attachment relationship in the early years has destructive consequences for both physical and mental health later in life, with long-lasting effects. The persistence of these effects emphasizes the need to intervene early in life. The Nobel-prize-winning economist James Heckman, has long argued that investing in early childhood education provides a greater return for society than virtually any other type of spending. It is obviously reflected in increased educational success and productivity,. The reduced crime, addiction, distress and disorder point to the same theory. Early life conditions critically affect adult life. 4 Remove it and the harm is great.

A. The appropriate feeding and caring styles were greatly rewarded in all aspects.

B. It was claimed that simply feeding and changing them would be adequate.

C. Some, however, demonstrate little influence with roughly ordinary behavior pattern.

D. Maternal attachment plays a fundamental role in shaping who we are.

E. Necessities are not just the availability of food and water.

F. And they simply didn’t grow like normal infants.

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