题目内容

2.SOMA,Fukushima Dai-ichi-High levels of radiation leaked from a damaged nuclear plant in tsunami-stricken northeast after a third reactor was shaken by an explosion Tuesday and a fourth caught fire in a dramatic increase of the 4-day-old disaster.The government warned 140,000people nearby to stay indoors to avoid exposure.
In a nationally televised statement,Prime Minister Naoto Kan said radiation has spread from four reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant in Fukushima state,one of the hardest-hit in Friday's 9.0-magnitude earthquake and the following tsunami that has killed more than 10,000people,put millions into misery and hit again the world's third-largest economy.
Officials just south of Fukushima reported up to 100times the normal levels of radiation Tuesday morning,Kyodo News agency reported.While those figures are worrying if there is prolonged exposure (迁延照射),they are far from deadly.
Kan and other officials warned there is danger of more leaks and told people living within 30kilometers of the Fukushima Dai-ichi groups of buildings to stay indoors to avoid exposure that could make people sick.
Weather forecasts for Fukushima were for snow and wind from the northeast Tuesday evening,blowing southwest toward Tokyo,then shifting and blowing west out to sea.That's important because it shows which direction a possible nuclear cloud might blow.
The nuclear crisis is the worst that the country has faced since the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II.It is also the first time that such a serious nuclear threat has been raised in the world since a nuclear power plant in Chernobyl,Ukraine exploded in 1986.
Some 70,000people had already been moved from a 20-kilometer radius from the Dai-ichi complex and about 140,000remain in the zone for which the new warning was issued.
Millions of people spent a fourth night with little food,water or heating in near-freezing temperatures as they dealt with the loss of homes and loved ones.Asia's richest country hasn't seen such hardship since World War II.

63.What does the passage mainly talk about?A
A.Radiation level increasing in the country.B.The nuclear plant in Fukushima.
C.The earthquake and tsunami in Fukushima.D.A nationally televised statement.
64.How did the disaster come about in Fukushima?B
①a 9.0-magnitude earthquake       ②a nuclear plant fire
③a deadly tsunami                ④high-level radiation
A.④①②③B.①③②④C.②①④③D.③①②④
65.What is the biggest threat to Fukushima?D
A.The 9.0-magnitude earthquake.B.The tsunami.
C.The nuclear plant fire.D.The nuclear radiation.
66.We can infer from the passage thatA.
A.radioactivity is being released directly into the atmosphere
B.it is the first time that such a serious nuclear threat has been raised in the world
C.People in the country have never faced any other nuclear crisis
D.The country will become a poor one in Asia.

分析 本文主要讲的是核电站泄漏后福岛高浓度的辐射,日本遭遇了第二次世界大战以来最困难的时期.政府警告附近十四万人留在室内,避免暴晒.

解答 63.A.细节理解题.根据文中第一段中"a fourth caught fire in a dramatic increase of the 4-day-old disaster."可知日本全国辐射水平提高.故选A.
64.B.推理判断题.仔细阅读全文可知发生的顺序是先发生九级地震,引发海啸,导致核电站起火,最终造成福岛高浓度的辐射.故选B.
65.D.细节理解题.仔细阅读全文可知对福岛最大的威胁是高浓度的核辐射.故选D.
66.A.细节理解题.根据文中倒数第三段"Weather forecasts for Fukushima were for snow and wind from the northeast Tuesday evening,blowing southwest toward Tokyo,then shifting and blowing west out to sea."中可推断出,放射性物质直接被释放到大气中.故选A.

点评 本文是新闻报道类阅读理解文章,阅读此类文章主要是要了解:
①新闻报道了什么事件;②事件是因为什么而发生的,相关背景如何;③文段中指出的事件发生过程中的突出细节是 什么;④事件造成的后果是什么;⑤事件的本质是什么,透过事件的表面现象,我们看到了什么社会问题.通过这样的梳理,我们就可以把新闻的脉络理清楚.这类材料命题点往往落在事实细节上.

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13.If a diver surfaces too quickly,he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence,if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint,is sharp pain and abent body-thus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain,the consequence can be death.
  Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast:whales,for example.And so,long ago,did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the cells in the bone,and consequently weakens it,sometimes to the point of collapse.Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.
  Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years.To this end,he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums,looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
When he started,he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils,reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead,he was astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died,but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.
  If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means,they clearly did so quickly-and,most strangely,they lost it afterwards.But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.
  Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark.One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles,both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches.Triassic oceans,by contrast,were mercifully shark-and crocodile-free.In the Triassic,then,ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain.In the Jurassic and Cretaceous,they were prey(猎物) as well as predator-and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.

61.Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A
A.A twisted body.
B.A gradual decrease in blood supply.
C.A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.
D.A drop in blood pressure.
62.The purpose of Rothschild's study is to seeB.
A.how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends    
B.how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
C.why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies      
D.when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
63.Rothschild'sfindingstatedinParagraph4C.
A.confirmed his assumption     
B.speeded up his research process
C.disagreed with his assumption                         
D.changed his research objectives
64.Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaursA.
A.failed to evolve an anti decompression means    
B.gradually developed measures against the bends
C.died out because of large sharks and crocodiles  
D.evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it.
10.Kids'health:Four steps for fighting stress
Everybody gets stressed from time to time.(71)CSome ways of dealing with stress-like screaming or hitting someone-don't solve(解决)much.But other ways,like talking to someone you trust,can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
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(2)Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh,dear,that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.(73)A
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A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B.Notice your friends'feelings and find a way to help them.
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17.(Reuters)-A Malaysia Airlines flight carrying 227 passengers and 12 crew was presumed to have crashed off the Vietnamese coast on Saturday,and European officials said two people on board were using false identities.
There were no reports of bad weather and no sign of why the Boeing 777-200ER would have vanished from radar screens about an hour after it took off from Kuala Lumpur for Beijing.
"We are not ruling out any possibilities,"Malaysia Airlines CEO Ahmad Jauhari Yahya told a news conference.
By the early hours of Sunday,there were no confirmed signs of the plane or any wreckage,well over 24 hours after it went missing.Operations will continue through the night,officials said.
There were no indications of sabotage (蓄意破坏) nor claims of an attack.But the passenger list issued by the airline included the names of two Europeans-Austrian Christian Kozel and Italian Luigi Maraldi-who,according to their foreign ministries,were not in fact on the plane.
A foreign ministry spokesman in Vienna said:"Our embassy got the information that there was an Austrian on board.That was the passenger list from Malaysia Airlines.Our system came back with a note that this is a stolen passport."
Austrian police had found the man safe at home.The passport was stolen two years ago while he was travelling in Thailand,the spokesman said.
The foreign ministry in Rome said no Italian was on the plane either,despite the inclusion of Maraldi's name on the list.His mother,Renata Lucchi,told Reuters his passport was lost,presumed stolen,in Thailand in 2013.
U.S.and European security officials said that there was no proof of any terrorist link and there could be other explanations for the use of stolen passports.

35.What was Ahmad Jauhari Yahya's attitude?A
A.Uncertain.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Confident.
36.According to the passage,the foreign ministry spokesman in Vienna had made sureC
A.two passports had been stolen by two Europeans
B.Christian Kozel was the man who kidnapped the plane
C.the Austrian on board was actually at home
D.Christian Kozel lied to the police
37.Which of the following is true about Maraldi?D
A.He was from Austria.
B.He was found safe at home.
C.His mother was sad when she saw his name on the list.
D.His passport was lost in Thailand.
38.Who should be responsible for the missing of the plane according to the passage?
C
A.Terrorists
B.Two people using false identities.
C.We are not sure
D.Christian Kozel and Luigi Maraldi.

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