题目内容

One learns alanguage by making mistakes and then

A.
correct
B.
correcting
C.
corrects
D.
to correct

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One learns a language by making mistakes and correct them．

　When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions (感知，认知)：
　　(1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.
　　(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
　　(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”
　　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
【小题1】The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

A．the abilities of one’s auditory (听) and visual (视) sensors

B．cultural background and personal experiences

C．experiences one learns from others

D．critical measures taken by other people

【小题2】While observing a particular person, ______.

A．one is likely to take all aspects (方面) into consideration

B．one pays more attention to his/her advantages

C．children often differ from grown-ups in perception

D．one tends to choose certain cues (提示) to look for

【小题3】Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ______.

A．their measuring yardsticks are not the same

B．either of them may be slow to catch information

C．the time for observation is not long enough

D．each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions

【小题4】The word “stimulus ” in paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A．something attractive	B．selective perception
C．contradictory information	D．shoplifting

All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.

1. They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.

2. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy! 3. Think how many lovers to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.

Some sports or game go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. 4. Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.

People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. 5. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.

A. And think of people in cold countries.

B. Sports help to train a person’s character.

C. Not a few people participate in different sports competitions themselves.

D. Many people like to watch others play games.

E. People aren’t inventing new sports or games.

F. Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.

G. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.

All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.

Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.

Games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities. The Arab use horses or camels in much of their daily life; they use them in their sports, too.

Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.

Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example , has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.

People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character(性格品质). One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace（体面）.

1.According to this passage we know that ________.

A．people began to play about one hundred years ago

B．about 100 years ago people ran or jumped when they played

C．basketball has a long history than volleyball

D．not all the games have long history

2.According to the passage, which of the following isn’t true?______

A．Sports help to train a person’s character.

B．People swim only because there are a lot of rivers in their country.

C．People from different countries may not be able to understand each other before a game.

D．Sports and games can develop the friendship between people all over the world.

3.The writer didn’t tell us in this passage that ______.

A．basketball was invented in America

B．sports change with seasons

C．games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities

D．football is played all over the world

　　(1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.

　　(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.

　　(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”

　　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…

1.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.