题目内容

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
While dog keepers realize their dogs can read their moods accurately,scientists have always been a little doubtful.Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna,Austria,we finally have some convincing evidence.
For their study,biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face,while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.
Interestingly,the dogs were not provided with the entire face.Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves.That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.
After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions,the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face.The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn.They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting,causing them to withdraw quickly.However,once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded,the trepidation seemed to disappear.In fact,the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" that scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctl. Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies-dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.
(1)How did the scientists conduct the experiment?
A.By mixing the selected dogs together.
B.By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.
C.By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.
D.By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen.
(2)Which of the following statements is TRUE about the dogs in the study?
A.The dogs were not all provided with the entire face.
B.The dogs couldn't read strangers facial emotions.
C.According to their size,the dogs were given either upper or lower halves.
D.The dogs could make out small changes accompanying facial expressions.
(3)The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means _________ .
A.curiosity
B.horror
C.excitement
D.doubt
(4)How might the results change if the dogs with female owners are shown pictures of male faces?
A.They would be scared away at the sight of the pictures.
B.They found it easy to tell the emotions on the entire face.
C.They could only tell emotions on partial faces rather than on entire faces.
D.They found it hard to tell the moods on the faces of a different gender.

【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一项关于狗是否能准确辨认人的喜怒哀乐的实验。

⑴细节理解题。根据第二段中的For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.及对实验细节的描述可知,科学家们是通过给实验狗展示开心和快乐的女人脸部表情照片展开实验的。故选C。

⑵细节理解题。根据第四段中的After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face.可知,狗能够理解伴有面部表情的细微变化。故选D。

⑶词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly.可知,愤怒的表情让狗感到恶心,会快速地后退。由此可推断划线词所在句的意思为,然而,一旦聪明的狗意识到它们正得到奖励,它们的这种(对愤怒表情的)恐惧好像就消失了。故选B。

⑷推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies—dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.可知,狗很容易辨认与它主人同性别的面部表情,而与它主人不同性别的面部表情辨认上存在困难。故选D。

练习册系列答案
相关题目

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person's breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy(头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers' risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
(1)Tobacco first appeared in ________.
A.Asia
B.Africa
C.Europe
D.America
(2)What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To tell us the bad effects caused by smoking cigarettes.
B.To introduce the history of smoking.
C.To let us know what the cigarettes are made from.
D.To tell the readers that Columbus found the Indians smoking.
(3)The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that ________.
A.it can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs
B.it lowers skin temperature
C.it causes the heart to beat less fast
D.Nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it.
(4)What's the main idea of this passage?
A.Where did cigarettes come from?
B.The effect of smoking on your body.
C.How to smoke is healthy?
D.Who is the first smoker?

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
Why do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world? It is an increasingly urgent question, given the recent mining accidents in Sago, W. Va and Huntington, Utah. A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the not-too-distant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work.
Robotic technology, in particular, holds much promise, McAteer says, especially when it comes to mapping mines and rescuing trapped miners — the special operations of the mining industry.
One of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog. It used lasers(激光器) to “see” in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business.
The latest design is called Cave Crawler. It's a bit smaller than Groundhog, and even more advanced. It can take photos and videos and has more sensors that can detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly, the robot has a real sense of logic. If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused. It has to think about what to do and where to go next. Sometimes it throws a fit just like a real person.
The greatest problem, though, is cost. The money of the earliest research project was provided by the government, but that money had dried up, and it's not clear where future money will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advances in safety, mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past. Since 1990, fatalities(致命性) have declined by 67% and injuries by 51% , according to the National Mining Association.
Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry. The robots do the most boring and dangerous jobs,but won't get rid of the need for human workers.
(1)The latest robot is more advanced than Groundhog, mainly because ________.
A.it can map abandoned mines
B.it has a real sense of logic
C.it can see in the dark tunnels
D.it's smaller than Groundhog
(2)The underlined phrase “throws a fit” in paragraph 4 probably means“________”.
A.gets sick
B.gets angry
C.becomes hungry
D.becomes cheerful
(3)We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.
A.the mine robots will have a very bright future
B.robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry
C.there will be no need for human workers in mines
D.robots in mines only do some simple jobs now
(4)We can infer from the text that ________.
A.robots cannot do dangerous work in dark areas
B.the mining robots do most of the mining work at present
C.groundhog can discover the presence of dangerous gases
D.experts are trying to make robots help miners with dangerous work

【题目】根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most drinks stating that they are fruit flavored contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried by the British Food Commission.
"Shoppers need to check the labels before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be nonexistent," said Food Commission spokesperson Ian Tokelove. "Food production is highly competitive. It will increase profits, and consumers won't always realize they are being tricked."
Flavorings are focused on the flavors of natural food products such as fruits, meats and vegetables, or creating flavor for food products that do not have the desired flavors. Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberryflavored products sold in stores. Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five of them contained less than one percent real fruit. In addition, each juice box contained nearly eight teaspoons of sugar.
Let's take jam as an example. Some strawberryflavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial color1 s, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained ly no strawberries at all.
Consumers have the rights to know clearly about what they have bought. Under current UK law, food packages do not have to distinguish between natural and artificial flavoring. "Describing a product as strawberry flavor and covering the surface of the packet with pictures of strawberries is misleading. Unfortunately, it is also legal and widespread," Tokelove said. "It's time to take measures to protect the consumers' rights."
A. They found that about 60 percent of them didn't contain any fruit at all.
B. Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit.
C. The products which contain real fruit are popular with people.
D. Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all.
E. It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products.
F. If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so.
G. The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
Dear John,
My name is Amber and I want to share my story with you because what you've shared about life and positive energy has changed my life. This past year has been one of the hardest for me. I felt I was stuck in a position that had nothing to do with what I wanted to do with my life. In January, after two years of being together, my boyfriend left me.
I read your blog every morning as I drink my coffee at work, but it wasn't until this March that I told myself "no more negativity" as you taught readers in your blog.
Since then I've got into new habits at work to keep my energy positive. When people walk in the front door, I'm the first face they see, so I smile big when I say "good morning" to them, especially on Mondays. Instead of waiting for someone to ask me for help, I offer it with an open mind. The CEO noticed my change and offered me the executive assistant position that I wanted.
One of the biggest things I've taken to heart from your blog is changing my opinions on my job. Yes, it was not an important position, but when I was passionate (热情的) about it, I could make my life fulfilling.
All in all, I have to thank you somehow for having the passion to help others because it truly is inspiring to me. So thank you so much, John. My life has changed because your words pointed me in the right direction, Take care!
Sincerely ,
Amber
(1)Amber wrote the letter mainly to______
A.introduce herself to John
B.talk about her bad year
C.ask for some advice
D.express her thanks
(2)We can infer from the passage that Amber______
A.didn't like her boyfriend
B.spent a lot of time online
C.wasn't satisfied with her job
D.received very good education
(3)What is implied about John in the letter?
A.He is a very famous writer.
B.He used to live a very negative life.
C.He doesn't like sharing his life stories.
D.He likes helping others through writing positive blogs.
(4)What does Amber's change tell us?
A.Practice makes perfect.
B.Bad luck doesn't exist long.
C.A positive attitude is rewarding.
D.A friend in need is a friend indeed.

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
"Some secrets are hidden from health," wrote John Updike in his poem "Fever".
I have experienced the truth of Updike's observation. My excellent health kept me from seeing some things—things that became secrets of sort.
One relates to my son Chris. When I lost my health in March, I discovered something I had missed about him.
Christopher has been a scholar and athlete through high school. He has behaved responsibly, engaged in community service. He has had an impressive peer group of serious students.
While I saw these things, I had missed before what I experienced while in hospital. Early on, Christopher offered the clearest and most forceful words about my need to be positive and to fight acute leukemia(急性白血病). He never left the room after a visit without making me promise that I would be mentally tough and positive.
During the first week, he showed his own mental toughness, researching leukemia and learning what the chances were. He even stopped my doctor outside the room, introduced himself and asked directly what he thought of my chances. He processed the answer without overreaction.
Christopher did admonish(劝告) me against my choice of words the first week at home. I had moved back into my room from weighing myself, discovering a thin figure I did not know. I announced to him and my wife, “dead man walking”. I thought it was a way to lighten the obvious. He saw it as negativity and was strongly against such thinking and talking.
When I resisted taking medicine sometimes, Christopher formed a “good-cop-bad-cop” team with his mother. Betsy gently and patiently encouraged. He directly and forcefully insisted. He always made the logical arguments for why I needed to take some awful pills.
My health had hidden something from me; my ill-health helped me to see it.
(1)What did Christopher do when the author was in hospital?
A.He told the author not to say anything wrong.
B.He offered some suggestions to the doctor.
C.He always encouraged the author to be confident.
D.He tried to get help from community service.
(2)What does “good-cop-bad-cop” in the text refer to?
A.A trick to force the author to obey.
B.A measure to keep the author happy.
C.A friendly way to make the author see what was good for him.
D.A joint effort to persuade the author both kindly and forcefully.
(3)What may be the best title for the text?
A.Lessons from Ill-health
B.Unexpected Love
C.Secrets Hidden from Health
D.Discovery Made in Hospital

【题目】完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found away to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 1 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 2, he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn't afford the3 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 4 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities5he didn't have the time or the 6. He had only one good suit. He tried 7 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too8 . During this period Dale was slowly 9 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 10 him from achieving his real potential. She 11that Dale join the debating team, believing that12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother's advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 13 made it. This proved to be a14 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the15 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 16. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 17, were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to 18 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 19 an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence. And, 20 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
(1)A.admitted B.filled C.supplied D.recognized
(2)A.assignment B.education C.advantage D.instruction
(3)A.training B.board C.teaching D.equipment
(4)A.between B.during C.over D.through
(5)A.while B.when C.because D.though
(6)A.permits B.interest C.talent D.clothes
(7)A.on B.for C.in D.with
(8)A.light B.flexible C.optimistic D.outgoing
(9)A.gaining B.achieving C.developing D.obtaining
(10)A.prevent B.protect C.save D.free
(11)A.suggested B.demanded C.required D.insisted
(12)A.presence B.practice C.patience D.potential
(13)A.hopefully B.certainly C.finally D.naturally
(14)A.key B.breaking C.basic D.turning
(15)A.progress B.experience C.competence D.confidence
(16)A.horse-riding B.football C.speech D.farming
(17)A.in return B.in brief C.in turn D.in fact
(18)A.convey B.overcome C.understand D.build
(19)A.express B.stress C.contribute D.repeat
(20)A.besides B.beyond C.like D.with

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
In the early morning, I head for the back door and find 10 inches of snow covering our home. Oh no, Bryan will have to clear the roof again, I think. But Rio rolls onto his back, playing in the white snow and kicking his back legs, delighted. His days in an animal shelter in New Mexico are long forgotten—he's wholeheartedly enjoyed life as a Colorado dog.
Rio needs a walk. I've planned to attend an emergent webinar, but my husband is busy clearing. Rio pushes my leg with his snout(口鼻部), wondering why we are still inside. We're late for our morning hike. I pull on my boots reluctantly. I don't have time for this!
Rio and I walk a block through our neighborhood to the beginning of a road. Rio jumps happily into the snow, which is up to his neck. But I walk slowly with heavy steps, worrying about my to-do list, and I don't notice the world around me until Rio starts barking.
A squirrel (松鼠) chitters at him from a high branch of a pine tree. We haven't seen a squirrel in at least a week because of all the snow storms, so this is a treat for us.
Once again, my animal teacher is reminding me to enjoy the present moment, and I'm grateful. I take a deep breath and look around. Suddenly there is an explosion(爆炸) of snow. a nearby tree has released its heavy burden, snapping(迅速恢复) back upright. Silver snowflakes(雪花) dust the air around me as a group of birds flees the area, talking to one another as they fly overhead.
I watch and listen in wonder for what seems like a full minute. There will be 1440 munites on this day, but this is the one I'll remember most. Then I look back to the earth and there is my sweet dog, waiting patiently for a treat. He knows I'll want to celebrate this moment we've just shared. “I love you, Rio!” I say as I give him a cookie. He has trained me well!
When we walk home, I smile broadly, spirit washed clean, ready for whatever the day may bring.
(1)The underlined word “reluctantly” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “_____”.
A.quickly
B.unwillingly
C.excitedly
D.unnecessarily
(2)How is the author at the beginning of the walk?
A.She feels very relaxed.
B.She is worrying about Rio.
C.She is still angry with Bryan.
D.She feels very frustrated.
(3)What does the author learn from Rio?
A.No pains, no gains.
B.Nothing is impossible.
C.Live in the moment.
D.Troubles never come alone.
(4)Which can be the best title for the text?
A.Lifted by a walk in fallen snow.
B.How I train my dog.
C.A busy day with Rio.
D.Dogs in animal shelters.

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网