题目内容
Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623, when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today intellectual property rights are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature.
In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recoding of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.
【小题1】According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to _______.
| A．those creating music, art and literature |
| B．novelists |
| C．those not receiving financial reward for their work |
| D．engineers and inventors |
| A．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights. |
| B．It sells songs and films. |
| C．It makes IP rights harder to protect. |
| D．It prevents the production of artwork. |
| A．Intellectual property rights. | B．Free downloading. |
| C．The Internet. | D．The large number of songs, films and books. |
| A．IP Rights and Our Attitudes | B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights |
| C．The Present and the Future of IP rights | D．A History of IP Rights |
【小题1】D
【小题1】C
【小题1】B
【小题1】A
解析
Children brought up on healthy diets are more intelligent compared with their junk food eating partners, a new research suggests.
Kids fed a diet packed high in fats, sugars, and processed(加工) foods had lower IQs than those fed pasta(意大利面食), salads and fruit, it was found.
The effect is so great that researchers from the University of Bristol said those children with a “healthier” diet may get an IQ improvement.
Scientists stressed good diet was essential in a child’s early as the brain grows at its fastest rate during the first three years of life.
This indicated head growth at this time is linked to intellectual ability and “it is possible that good nutrition(营养)during this period may encourage excellent brain growth”
Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of around 14,000 children born in 1991 and 1992 as part of the West Country’s Avon Longitudinal(纵向的)Study of Parents and Children(ALSPAC).
Parents were questioned about the types and frequency of the food and drink their children consumed when they were three, four, seven and eight and a half years old. According to their different changing form, these children were marked and given grades which ranged from minus two for the most healthy to 10 for the most unhealthy.
In the research, IQ was measured of 4,000 children when they were eight and half years old, using a validated(经过认证的)test-the Wechsler Intelligence Scale(韦氏儿童智力量表)for Children.
The results found after taking account of some influential factors, a leading processed food diet at the age of three was associated with a lower IQ at the age of eight and a half, whether the diet was improved after that age.
Every 1 point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a 1.67 fall in IQ.
1. Scientists stressed good diet was essential in a child’s early life because .
|
A．the brain grows at its fastest rate during the first three years of life. |
|
B．those children with a “healthier” diet must get an IQ improvement. |
|
C．children brought up on healthy diets are less intelligent. |
|
D．these children were given good grades. |
2. Which of the following in NOT true?
|
A．Those children with a “healthier” diet may get an IQ improvement. |
|
B．Good nutrition at any stage may encourage excellent brain growth. |
|
C．Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of about 14,000 children. |
|
D．Every 1 point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a 1.67 fall in IQ. |
3. The recults found if a child ate a leading processed food diet when he was 3, he would .
|
A．have a higher IQ |
|
B．have a higher IQ as long as he improved his diet |
|
C．have one IQ when he was 8 |
|
D．have a lower IQ whether he improved his diet |
4. Parents were questioned except when their children were years old.
|
A．3 |
B．4 |
C．7 |
D．8 |
5. What is the best title of the passage?
|
A．Food for thought |
|
B．What is healthy food? |
|
C．Healthy diet improves children’s intelligence |
|
D．How to become clever? |
Remember those big, colorful books with large pictures of balls or apples when you were a little kid? Those have proven to be helpful, according to a number of studies. Between 1 and 5 years old, introducing books to Children can help greatly because this is usually the age when intellectual (智力的) capabilities form.
At age 1 to 5, a child can decide whether he wants to learn or wants to be a good learner. The road to learning starts here. Their curiosity (好奇) and imagination are fed with the many pictures, sounds and colors in the books.
Children normally began school at 5 years old. But today, they go to school when they are as young as one and a half years old. This is because many parents have recognized that influencing the child's formative years (性格形成时期) is very important. The fight influence can make the child want to read in the future.
Parents should play a part in encouraging children to read. Even just reading them bedtime stories can help children feel the joy and amazement connected to reading. This can help them become better readers and better learners as they grow older.
If children are interested in reading books rather than watching television, they can improve many skills besides reading and learning. Books can act as stepping stones to intelligence. However, parents must be very careful not to overpower their children. If they force children to read books that are too hard to understand, they might think reading is boring and lose interest in it.
1.. This passage mainly ______.
|
A．advises kids to spend less time watching TV |
|
B．explains why reading is good for us |
|
C．tells us that reading is good for children |
|
D．suggests that parents spend more time with their kids |
2..Why does introducing books to kids between 1 and 5 years old help them greatly?
|
A．Because this is a good way to keep them away from television. |
|
B．Because it makes them become interested in going to school. |
|
C．Because it helps them learn much faster when they are older. |
|
D．Because it is usually the age when intellectual capabilities form. |
3..It is implied in the passage that _____.
|
A．the writer read a lot of books when he was a child |
|
B．parents should never force their children to do anything |
|
C．the formative years may begin at one and a half years old |
|
D．a child's formative years are earlier than before |
4..In the writer’s opinion, _____.
|
A．children should read all kinds of books |
|
B．children should only read books with pictures |
|
C．books can help children become cleverer |
|
D．bedtime stories make children love their parents more |