题目内容

【题目】There is a（n）__________ of plants in the old man's yard, such as trees, flowers and grass.

A. group

B. kind

C. amount

D. variety

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在老人的院子里，有各种各样的植物，如树木、花和草。a variety of各种各样的。

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【题目】 —I've decided to spend the summer holidays traveling in Australia. -Oh，__________！

A. if only I could go with you

B. how clever you are

C. what a pity

D. I'm glad to hear that

【题目】__________ work has been done to improve people's living standard.

A. Many

B. A great many

C. A great deal of

D. A large number of

【题目】The back-to-school season is upon us, and once again, parents across the country have loaded their kids’ backpacks up with snack packs and school supplies. It’s a good moment to reflect on what else we should be giving our kids as they head off to school.

American parents are feeling particularly anxious about that question this year. The educational process feels more than ever like a race, one that starts in pre-school and doesn’t end until your child is admitted to the perfect college. Most parents are more worried than they need to be about their children’s grades, test scores and IQ. And what we don’t think about enough is how to help our children build their character—how to help them develop skills like perseverance, optimism, responsibility, and self-control, which together do more to determine success than S.A.T. scores or I.Q.

There is growing evidence that our anxiety about our children’s school performance may actually be holding them back from learning some of these valuable skills. If you’re concerned only with a child’s G.P.A., then you will likely choose to minimize the challenges the child faces in school. With real challenge comes the risk of real failure. And in a competitive academic environment, the idea of failure can be very scary, to students and parents alike.

But experiencing failure is a critical part of building character. Recent research by a team of psychologists found that adults who had experienced little or no failure growing up were actually less happy and confident than those who had experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood. “Overcoming those obstacles,” the researchers assumed, “could teach effective coping skills, help engage social support networks, create a sense of mastery over past adversity, and foster beliefs in the ability to cope successfully in the future.”

By contrast, when we protect our children from every possible failure—when we call their teachers to get an extension on a paper; when we urge them to choose only those subjects they’re good at—we are denying them those same character-building experiences. As the psychologists Madeline Levine and Dan Kindlon have written, that can lead to difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood, when overprotected young people finally confront real problems on their own and don’t know how to overcome them.

In the classroom and outside of it, American parents need to encourage children to take chances, to challenge themselves, to risk failure. In the meantime, giving our kids room to fail may be one of the best ways we can help them succeed.

Back to School: Why Perseverance Is More Important than Good Grades?

Common phenomena

Parents throughout America【1】 their kids’ backpacks up with snacks and school supplies.

Many American parents don’t【2】 enough importance to their kids’ character building.

The writer’s【3】

Parents should pay more attention to their kids’ character building.

Evidence and 【4】 findings

Parents’ anxiety about their kids’ performance may【5】 them from learning some valuable skills.

Parents concerned only with a kid’s G.P.A. have a【6】 to minimize the challenges the child faces.

Adults who have experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood are 【7】 and more confident than those who haven’t.

Denying kids character-building experiences can【8】 in difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood.

The writer’s suggestions

【9】 kids to be risk-takers.

Give kids room to experience【10】 .

【题目】Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale. But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways. To understand them, scientists say, we just have to learn their language. Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.

“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms(有机体). They can communicate with giant bacteria, with other plants and with insects. They do this chemically, ”said Cahill, an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.

Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”. Cahill says studies have shown, for example, that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions. Plants have an ability, for example, to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack. Jack Schultz, a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri, says when a plant senses that it’S being eaten, it cannot walk away from trouble；on the contrary, it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.

“Their language is a chemical language, and it involves chemicals that move through the air, which are easily to be changed, and most of all are smells that we are familiar with, ” Schultz explained.

“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves, ” Schultz recalled. “But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves, even though they were not part of the experiment. ”

Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals. Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

In the end, plants’ability to communicate their needs－and our ability to understand them－could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals, cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.

【1】The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can __________.

A. communicate with other living things in a chemical way

B. hardly react to any sudden change in temperature

C. use a very special chemical language which is familiar to us

D. respond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicals

【2】When being eaten by a pest, the plant will ___________.

A. walk away from trouble

B. change its chemistry to kill the insect

C. release a chemicaI vapor to “ask” other plants for help

D. give off nice chemicals to attract friendly insects to a tack the pest

【3】The underlined word “alerts” most probably means “___________”.

A. warns B. protects

C. threatens D. allows

【4】Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. Communication between Plants

B. A Chemical “Language”

C. Plants Can Talk

D. How Plants Protect Themselves

【题目】You'll find it hard to get rid of the drug habit _______ you have it.

A. before

B. once

C. until

D. though

【题目】They were excited and in an unguarded moment __________ their secret.

A. gave away

B. gave up

C. gave in

D. gave out

【题目】How to spur people on to success

Praise will inspire the other person to keep on ___【1】_____ (improve).

In the early nineteenth century, a young man in London aspired to be a writer. But everything seemed to be against him. He had never been able to attend school for more than four years. His father had been put into jail ___【2】____he couldn’t pay his debts and the young man had often known the pangs of hunger. Finally, he got ___【3】__ job __【4】____ (attach) labels to bottles of blacking in a rat-infested warehouse. He slept at night in a dismal attic room with two other boys—guttersnipes from the slums of London. He had so little __【51】___ (confident) in his ability to write that he sneaked out and mailed his first manuscript in the dead of night so nobody would laugh ___【6】__ him. Story after story was refused. At last, the great day came when one was accepted. True, he ___【7】___ (pay) a shilling for it, but an editor praised him. He was so ___【8】___ (thrill) that he wandered ___【9】___ (aim) around the streets with tears rolling down his cheeks. The praise and the recognition ___【10】____he received through getting one story in print changed his whole life. If it hadn’t been for that encouragement, he might have spent his entire life working in rat-infested factories. You may have heard of that boy. His name was Charles Dickens.

【题目】I sent him an e-mail, __________ (hope) to get some more information about his study.

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