Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined .Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.

Nitrogen（氮） and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌） networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神经元）in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend .She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow .When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

“We didn't take any notice of it .” Simard says sadly .“Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C. Trees Contribute To Our Society

D. Trees Are More Complex Than You Think

2. In Simard's opinion, trees _______

A. compete for survival

B. protect their own wealth

C. depend on each other

D. provide support for dying trees

3.We can learn from the passage that .

A. “mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees.

B. Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard.

C. if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected.

D. people know much about the complex “tree societies”.

4.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .

A. how “tree societies” work

B. how trees grow old

C. how forestry industry develops

D. how young trees survive

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Once upon a time there was a farmer1. worked hard in the fields every day. One day, while he was ploughing the fields, he heard a 2. ( bump) sound. He saw a 3. lying by the trump. He picked it4. and found that it was a fat rabbit. He thought to5. , “Since it is so easy to get a rabbit like that, why should I work so hard all day long?” He threw his hoe away and 6. (lie) by the tree every day, 7. (dream) for more rabbits to come. When he finally realized his8. (foolish) and returned to his fields, he found that all his crops were 9. (die). This story tells that we should not wait for unexpected gains by trusting to chance and luck. Or, we should not hope to get rewards10. hard work. .

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was born and raised in Minnesota, the USA, but as an adult I have mostly lived in Europe and Africa. I teach cross-cultural management at the International Business School near Paris. For the last 15 years, I’ve studied people in different parts of the world build trust, communicate and make decisions in the workplace.

While travelling in Tokyo recently with a Japanese , I gave a shorttalk to a group of 20 managers. , I asked whether there were any questions or comments. No went up, so I went to sit down. Mycolleague whispered to me, “I think there were some comments, Erin.Do you mind if I try?” I agreed, but I guessed it a waste of . He askedthe group again, “ Any comments or questions”.

Still, no one raised a hand, this time he looked very carefully at each person in the silent audience. Gesturing to one of them, he said, “ Do you have to add?” To my amazement, she “ Yes, thank you.” and asked me a very interesting question. My colleague repeated this several times the audience and asking for more questions or comments.

After the session, I asked my colleague, “ How did you that those people had questions?” He , not sure how to explain it, and then said, “ It has to do with how their eyes are.”

He continued, “In Japan, we don’t as much direct eye contact as you do in the west. So when you asked if there are any , most people were not looking directly at you. But a few people in the were looking right at you and their eyes were bright. That that they would be to have you call on them.

I thought to myself I would ever have learned from upbringing in Minnesota. Since then, I try to understanding behavior in other cultures I encounter, and keep finding the bright eyes in the room.

1.A. why B. when C. while D. how

2.A. specially B. especially C. silently D. secretly

3.A. student B. friend C. classmate D. colleague

4.A. At the end B. In details C. At all D. In a word

5.A. mouths B. legs C. hands D. heads

6.A. totally B. nearly C. actually D. frequently

7.A. breath B. money C. times D. talent

8.A. so B. but C. because D. and

9.A. nothing B. all C. something D. everything

10.A. refused B. agreed C. asked D. responded

11.A. thinking about B. looking up to C. looking at D. looking for

12.A. suspect B. convey C. respect D. know

13.A. nodded B. decided C. made D. hesitated

14.A. lovely B. beautiful C. bright D. fixed

15.A. let B. make C. take D. get

16.A. comments B. ideas C. decisions D. reports

17.A. classroom B. group C. school D. jury

18.A. tells B. indicates C. convinces D. informs

19.A. happy B. confident C. kind D. clever

20.A. focus on B. depend on C. live on D. move on

-What do you think is the difference between ____ man and ____ woman?

-I don’t think there’s any difference.

A. the; the B. a; a C. 不填；不填 D. a; the\

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

What is the secret of writing a good letter? Here are two main ones. Don’t try to be fancy. Don’t try to impress your reader.You will be successfully if you follow these six Cs.

Clear. 1. Make them easy to understand.Talk as if the reader is right there with you.

Correct. 2. Don’t guess,even for spelling.Refer to your dictionary.If you need to,check a referance book,too.

Complete(完整的).Don’t scatter(分散) your points. 3. This is good organization,too.

Concise(简洁的).Make each point as clearly and briefly as you can.

Conversational.This is really the secret of good writing. 4. Such a letter has a natural,friendly tone(语调) and lets you come through naturally.

Considerate(体贴的).Think of the readers’ point of view as you write. Write about what you believe the reader needs or wants to know.Try to be helpful. 5.

A. Just “ talk” to the person

B. This will build good feeling toward you.

C. Use short,direct sentences.

D. Include long sentences in your letter.

E. Make sure what you say is correct.

F. Writing should not be taken too seriously.

G. Finish one point completely before going on to the next.

Singles' Day ---- the Chinese opposite of Valentine’s Day has turned into a massive online shopping event. It is a day when single people are supposed to buy themselves presents. But there are sociological reasons behind China's “celebration” of single life. And the imbalance could have big consequences for the country.

There were 34 million more men than women in China in 2011. Part of that is natural – usually there are 105 boys born for every 100 girls. But the Chinese gender ratio (性别比例) at birth is much more obvious. It was 116 boys to 100 girls in 2012. The one child policy is largely to blame. Brought in to limit population expansion, the policy allows only one child per family. But because male children are seen as more valuable, as well as more likely to support their parents in old age, some parents choose to have a son over a daughter. The result is that large numbers of men will likely never get married. In fact, one study has predicted that by 2030, 1 in 5 Chinese men in their 30s will never have married, while another states that 94% of unmarried people in China are men.

Traditionally, China has seen high levels of marriage, usually among the young. Besides, the increased education and career opportunities for women have meant that marriages are happening later. It is also traditional that women often marry men of a higher socioeconomic status than themselves. So women at the top and men at the bottom find themselves alone. One study has even suggested a link between an imbalanced gender ratio and growth in violent crime in the country.

Singles’ Day can’t solve all the problems China’s singles face. Indeed, it is possible that it is causing even more problems, as men resort to(诉诸于) increasingly risky lines of work to increase their chances of gaining money and thus a wife. I am worried that as money starts to overcome romance, there is evidence that China’s marriage market is increasingly materialistic.

1.In 2012, if 50 girls were born, how many boys were probably born?

A. 50. B. 52. C. 58. D. 60.

2.What made women in China get married late?

A. Their support of the government’s late marriage policy.

B. Their higher education level and more work chances.

C. That they expect to enjoy their single time when young.

D. That there are too many excellent young men to choose from.

3.What’s the writer’s attitude to the imbalance gender ratio in China?

A. Optimistic B. Indifferent

C. Concerned D. Unknown

4.We can learn from the passage that .

A. Singles' Day is celebrated all over the world.

B.an imbalanced gender ratio is related to the growth in violent crime.

C. by 2030, 1 in 5 Chinese women in their 30s will be out of marriage.

D. Singles' Day will solve all the problems China’s singles face.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Before I turned 29, my parents moved to Queensland, where I arrived for a visit six months later. I upon my mother with hugs, and for the first time in my life I said, “I love you, mom!” Then I gently , expecting some kind of reciprocation. But it never came. Instead, she appeared in horror.

When I was back at work, I overheard a workmate on a call to her mother and she concluded it with “I love you, Mum.” As as that. Why wasn’t it like that in mine? Something had to be done about this situation once and for all.

My came the next Sunday during my weekly phone call to my mother. After we had shared our usual pleasantries and , I took a deep breath and asked, “Do you love me, Mum?” After a short , she replied, “I love you. Don’t be silly. You know we never said things like that in my family.”

“Well, I want it to be said in ours. From now on I want to our conversations with ‘I love you.’”

In May 2000 my mother was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. She was to hospital, and I phoned every day to her. One evening when I rang, a nurse answered the phone and regretfully informed me that my mother’s condition had rapidly worsened. She wasn’t expected to it through the night.

Knowing I couldn’t get a flight in time, I asked the nurse to put the phone next to my mother’s ear so I could talk to her. “She’s conscious,” the nurse replied. “It’s unlikely she’ll hear you.” But I didn’t care. I wanted to do it .

she’d placed the phone by my mother’s ear, I started and telling Mum over and over again that I loved her. At first, all I could hear was “Hmmmm”—but then, like a miracle, with a deep she said, “Love you … love you, darling.” It was the last thing she said before drifting into .

Although I was overwhelmed by her death, the surprising part was how well I . Of course, losing a parent is extremely painful and I shed many tears, but receiving those lovely last words made it much more . I had closure in the best possible way.

1.A. fell B. struck C. relied D. depended

2.A. pushed off B. turned up C. pulled away D. looked on

3.A. deserted B. frozen C. guilty D. clumsy

4.A. simple B. sacred C. apparent D. original

5.A. stress B. crisis C. emergency D. love

6.A. potential B. opportunity C. inspiration D. choice

7.A. interests B. secrets C. expectations D. updates

8.A. preparation B. friction C. hesitation D. identification

9.A. end B. start C. continue D. hold

10.A. permitted B. admitted C. allowed D. sentenced

11.A. check on B. attend to C. call on D. see to

12.A. take B. face C. make D. cool

13.A. entirely B. absolutely C. slightly D. barely

14.A. therefore B. otherwise C. anyway D. somehow

15.A. Before B. Once C. Unless D. Since

16.A. whispering B. yelling C. screaming D. sobbing

17.A. sigh B. conversation C. thought D. sleep

18.A. calmness B. unconsciousness C. hardness D. sickness

19.A. prayed B. clarified C. coped D. concluded

20.A. authentic B. arbitrary C. precise D. bearable

—Are you doing your homework？
—No, I’m writing a short play．It _____ at the Christmas party．
A． will be put on B． will put on

C． puts on D． is put on

When I paid for the bicycle repair, the repairman told me, “ No change, Professor Pan. We’re friends.”

“I’d rather pay,” I replied. “If it’s free, I can’t afford it.”

Chinese often refuse payment for professional services, insisting, “We’re friends now!” But then they show up later to ask me to tutor them in English, or get them into an American university, and I wish I’d have just paid the 30 yuan I owed them in the first place.

According to the Americans, “There’s no free lunch,” meaning that there’s a price for everything, and I’m always looking around to figure out what this means.

Many of our neighbors have given us fruit or flowers or costly teas, never asking anything in return. For years, a bicycle repairman has repeatedly refused to let me pay him. “Wait until you have something major to fix!” he insists.

Chinese generosity is a real education for Americans like me, who would rather avoid social entanglements (纠纷) and just hand over the money. But cash can’t make up for the greatest gift – friendship.

When an American saw some of my friends sitting on bamboo stools under the trees, sipping tea, he said, “They must have nothing better to do.” “Actually,” I said, “they are professors, with plenty to do. But probably you’re right in saying that, at this moment, they have nothing better to do. And neither do I.”

And I joined the group. We chatted about tea and Chinese cooking and how much my boys have grown since we arrived. One man said, “They were pocket-sized when you came here. Now they’re taller than you. How time flies.”

How life flies. And Chinese are smart enough to share what they know they cannot keep. They freely give of their time, never too busy to help a friend. And they are teaching me, slowly, to both give and receive. So the next time someone says, “No charge. We’re friends.” I will thank them heartily. But if they show up later asking me to tutor them in English, I’ll make sure they tutor my son in Chinese as well, because there’s still no free lunch.

1.Why did the author insist on paying the repairman while he was offered free repairs?

A. Because he was an upright man.

B. Because he didn’t know the repairman.

C. Because he thought it natural to pay for other’s service.

D. Because he didn’t want to help others in return.

2.Generally, the author thinks that ___________ .

A. Chinese are generous and always ready to help their friends

B. Chinese are good at exchange of equal values

C. Chinese are free enough to drink and chat with their friends

D. Chinese are helpful but don’t treasure time

3.The best title for the passage should be “_________ ”.

A. Still No Free Lunch B. A Good Lesson from Chinese

C. True Help or Not D. Learn to Both Give and Receive

4.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. All the Chinese help foreigners on purpose.

B. Chinese like to ask for help.

C. The author thinks little of the Chinese way of life.

D. The author thinks that Chinese are wise enough to enjoy the limited life.

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