根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There is distinction between reading for information and reading for understanding. 1.The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else. 2.Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don’t have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding was equal to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement.

The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely understand. Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can increase the reader’s understanding.3. Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here “learning” means understanding more, not remembering more information.

What are the conditions in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding. 4. Besides, his book must convey something he possesses and his potential readers lack. Second, the reader must be able to overcome this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the equality is approached, success of communication is achieved.

5. It is the least demanding and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.

A. The writer should have a better communicating skill.

B. Such communication between unequals must be possible.

C. We can get access to the content of those materials easily.

D. The writer must be “superior” to the reader in understanding.

E. Thus, we can employ the word “reading” in two distinct senses.

F. Reading for entertainment is capable of increasing our understanding for information.

G. Besides gaining information and understanding, there’s another goal of reading—entertainment.

完形填空:共20题 每题2分 共40分

One day I was hanging about with several friends. Not really doing anything , just doing what teenagers do on a hot summer afternoon.

We were walking through a parking lot my younger brother, Mark, came running up to us at full . A few seconds later I saw a man running behind him. Mark was out of , so I didn't really understand what he was . The man in front of me was for Mark. Mark moved behind me, and I realised that he was . I asked the man what the . was. The man said he wanted my little brother in a bad way. He reached for my brother again and again but I him. He then punched (拳击) me in the chest. I felt more than hurt and I had to defend myself.

did the man know that I had been training in Karate (空手道) for four years. I was by my parents to respect all adults, this man was so terrible. He was trying to hurt my ; he turned his anger to me with a attack. But, much to his surprise, he found he was in a bit of trouble himself. So the man his attack and disappeared from my sight.

The whole thing was over a simple disagreement two children, namely Mark and the man's daughter. This man had overreacted (反应) and did things without finding out the facts. I am happy that no one was hurt badly and that worked out okay.

However, the man and I were similar in a way. We both tried to the ones we care about in the best way we could.

1.A.helpful B.necessary C.special D.useful

2.A.when B.as C.since D.why

3.A.limit B.power C.speed D.hope

4.A.control B.breath C.mind D.danger

5.A.thinking B.saying C.making D.ordering

6.A.reaching B.waiting C.caring D.leaving

7.A.surprised B.excited C.brave D.scared

8.A.difficulty B.act C.problem D.task

9.A.blocked B.defeated C.disliked D.disagreed

10.A.tired B.shocked C.moved D.bored

11.A.Little B.Much C.Many D.Few

12.A.reminded B.showed C.taught D.encouraged

13.A.and B.so C.as D.but

14.A.teacher B.father C.brother D.friend

15.A.mental B.material C.chemical D.physical

16.A.continued B.kept C.stopped D.increased

17.A.between B.across C.among D.for

18.A.naturally B.wildly C.slightly D.slowly

19.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything

20.A.protect B.admire C.value D.praise

Imagine a world in which there were suddenly no emotion — a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society's economic underpinnings (支柱) would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive (动力) to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind, for as we will see, incentives mean a capacity to enjoy them.

In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instruments of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size or texture, but an object's physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us — hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life — from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society uses our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal (刑法的) system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.

1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

A. people would not be able to tell the physical aspects of objects.

B. People would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them.

C. $ 10 million is equal to $ 10 in a world without emotions.

D. There would be full of lies, arguments and violence.

2. In can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on ________.

A. the ability to make money

B. the capacity to work

C. the motivation to work

D. our emotional experiences

3. Why are the emotional aspects of an object more important than its physical aspects?

A. They help society use its members for more profit.

B. They encourage us to perform important tasks in the war.

C. They help to perfect the legal and penal system to make people afraid.

D. They help us adapt our behaviors to the world surrounding us.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. People could only live in a world with emotions.

B. People would always do bad things in the emotionless world.

C. Emotions are very important in the world.

D. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways.

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