题目内容

Birthdays often involve surprises. But this year's surprise on the birthday of the great British playwright William Shakespeare is surely one of the most dramatic.

On April 22, one day before his 441st birthday anniversary, experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits of William Shakespeare is a fake. This means that we no longer have a good idea of what Shakespeare looked like. “It's very possible that many pictures of Shakespeare might be unreliable because many of them are copies of this one,” said an expert from Britain's National Portrait Gallery.

The discovery comes after four months of testing using X-rays, ultraviolet light, microphotography and paint samples. The experts from the gallery say the image —commonly known as the “Flower portrait”— was actually painted in the 1800s, about two centuries after Shakespeare's death. The art experts who work at the gallery say they also used modern chemistry technology to check the paint on the picture. These checks found traces of paint dating from about 1814. Shakespeare died in 1616, and the date that appears on the portrait is 1609.

“We now think the portrait dates back to around 1818 to 1840. This was when there was a renewed interest in Shakespeare's plays,” Tarnya Cooper, the gallery's curator (馆长), told the Associated President.

The fake picture has often been used as a cover for collections of his plays. It is called the Flower portrait because one of its owners, Desmond Flower, gave it to the Royal Shakespeare Company.

“There have always been questions about the painting,” said David Howells, curator for the Royal Shakespeare Company. “Now we know the truth, we can put the image in its proper place in the history of Shakespearean portraiture.”

Two other images of Shakespeare, are also being studied as part of the investigation and the results will come out later this month.________.

1.What makes the birthday of Shakespeare dramatic this year?

A. It was found that he painted a portrait in 1814 instead of in 1609.

B. The Flower portrait has been found to be a fake.

C. Three portraits of Shakespeare are being tested to identify a real one.

D. It was found that there was a renewed interest in Shakespeare's plays around 1818 to 1840.

2.Which statement is True according to the passage?

A. Portraits of Shakespeare are all unreliable.

B. “Flower portrait” was a portrait of Shakespeare given to Desmond Flower.

C. 1814 might be when the portrait was drawn.

D. The Flower portrait is not often used as a cover for Shakespeare's play.

3.How many methods were used to test the portrait?

A. Not mentioned. B. Two

C. Three D. At least four.

4.The best title for this passage is ________.

A. Birthdays often involve surprises

B. The surprise on the 441st birthday of Shakespeare

C. One portrait of Shakespeare is a fake

D. How can we know Shakespeare's appearance?

5.Which is the best sentence to fill in the blank in the last paragraph?

A. Soon we'll know which portrait is reliable.

B. Maybe we cannot find a real portrait of Shakespeare.

C. If the two portraits are found to be false, they will test more.

D. For now what Shakespeare really looked like will remain a mystery.

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.B

5.D

【解析】

试题分析：文章讲述了在莎士比亚的第441个周年纪念日中，专家们发现最具认可度的莎士比亚画像原来是假的，并讲述了理由及至少四种测量的方法。现如今，莎士比亚到底什么样子仍然是一个谜。

1.B细节题。从第以自然最后一句及第二自然段中experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits of William Shakespeare is a fake.可知使莎士比亚的周年纪念日戏剧性的是他的画像是假的。故选B

2.C细节判断题。由第二段最后一句，莎士比亚的许多画像都是仿照这一副画的，所以有可能都是假的，而并非一定是假的，排除A。第五段第二句，因为他的所有者Desmond Flower 把它送给了皇家莎士比亚公司，所以被称为the Flower Portrait .排除B。由第三段倒数第二句，可知C正确。从第五自然段第一句可知，正好与D相反，这幅画常常作为莎士比亚话剧集的封面，故选C项正确。

3.D细节题。从第三段The discovery comes after four months of testing using X-rays, ultraviolet light, microphotography and paint samples.可知至少有四种方法来检测这个画像。故选D

4.B主旨题。文章主要是提到了在莎士比亚第441个周年纪念日时，公布他的画像是假的，以此让很多都感到很惊讶，故选B

5.D推断题。最后一段另外的两幅他的画像也正在进行检查，结果要到这个月底才能揭晓，所以可知，到现在为止莎士比亚到底是什么样子仍然是个谜，故选D项。

考点：社会文化类阅读。

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Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate.” Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.

In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.

The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster， but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.

In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.

“As our tests became more complex.” Sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins” He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.”

1.The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is _______.

A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers

B. to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity

C. to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance

D. to find out whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory

2.Which of the following statements is true?

A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.

B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.

C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.

D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.

3.We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.

A. smokers should not expect to become airline pilots

B. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness

C. no airline pilots smoke during flights

D. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases

A college student had stayed up all night, _______ for his test the next day.

A. studied B. having studied C. to study D. studying

短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；不按要求方式改的不给分！

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

After a heat discussion, our class has decided to recommend Li Hua as the Touching Figure On the Campus. We have several reason to believe he is qualified for the honor. First, Li Hua is always willing to offering us help whenever necessary. Besides, his great devotion to work as a monitor make our class a best place to study. However, it has impressed us most is his unconditional love to poor children. Last summer vacation, he volunteered to teach English in a small village, which has been inspired many other students to join in and thus helped open up a new world to those children as well.

All in all, his selfless love touches our heart and his action suggests that even small efforts should make difference to those in need. Therefore, we strong support Li Hua as the Touching Figure Campus.

BEIJING—Family planning officers will handle the illegal birth case of film director Zhang Yimou by following legal procedures, a government spokesman said on Tuesday, December 10, 2013.

When asked to comment on Zhang’s case at a press conference, Yao Hongwen, spokesman for the National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC), said “Every citizen is equal before the law and nobody is allowed to have privileges（特权）to give birth to more children than allowed.”

Yao’s comment came after media stories claimed that Zhang had remarried and fathered a total of seven children: one with his former wife, three with his present wife, Chen Ting, and another three from two lovers.

“The NHFPC’s attitude towards citizens’ birth violations（违法）is consistent and clear. Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard the seriousness of laws and regulations.” NHFPC spokesman Yao Hongwen said.

China’s family planning policy, introduced in the late 1970s to slow down the country’s growing population, limits most urban couples to one child and most rural couples to two. The policy was recently relaxed, allowing couples to have two children if one of them is an only child.

Those who break the policy face severe fines. The amount of the fine is generally several times the yearly annual income of the two spouses（配偶）. Some media calculations put the fine that Zhang may face at as much as 160 million yuan(over $26 million).

Zhang’s birth case has caused criticism online about famous people who have more children than the policy allows.

In an open letter on December 1, Zhang admitted that the couple has two sons and daughter and they are willing to accept investigation and punishment according to China’s laws and regulations. He apologized to the public.

However, the letter denied that Zhang had lovers and was father to as many as seven children from various mothers.

Zhang, one of the “fifth generation” of Chinese filmmakers, made his first directorial work in 1987 with “Red Sorghum” and has won a number of award worldwide. He was chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games.

1.The purpose of the news report is to ______________

A. inform us that Zhang’s illegal birth case will be dealt with by the government

B. claim that Zhang Yimou remarried and fathered a total of seven children

C. convince us that Zhang is a famous director and his case will be pardoned

D. confirm that Zhang’s illegal birth case has resulted in lots of criticism online

2.According to Yao Hongwen, which of the following statements is true?

A. Zhang will be fined as much as 160 million yuan for his violations.

B. Few people have the privileges to give birth to more children than allowed.

C. China’s family planning policy has never been relaxed since introduced.

D. Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard laws and regulations.

3.Judging from the recent relaxed policy, a couple_______________

A. can give birth to two children if one of them is an only child

B. will definitely be fined if they have two children nowadays

C. can have as many as three children if they live in a rural area

D. can only give birth to two children if they live in an urban area

Supporters of underground development say that building down ______ building up is a good way to use the earth’s space.

A. as well as B. other than

C. rather than D. more than

— How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived here？

— No more than half a week.

A. when B. before C. after D. since

An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle (狗刨式游泳) — the golden brown pet helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet’s owner Judy Fridono said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination (协作). Her balance is so good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them feel good to know that Ricochet is there with them, keeping them company.”

After becoming an expert, two-year-old Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. Dressed in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a reassuring presence.

Ms. Fridono knows what an impact her beloved dog can have. She herself was severely disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus on what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said.

One of those who have benefited from Ricochet’s skills is six-year-old Ian McFarland. In 2008 a car crash left him with brain damage. Although he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he was told he could try a tandem (双人) surf session with Ricochet. Their session was a success and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. As well as helping with treatments, Ricochet also raised ?5,000 to help continue Ian’s recovery.

Over the last 10 months, Ricochet’s excellent performances on the sea have raised more than ?30,000 for a number of charity causes.

1.According to the passage, Ricochet is .

A. a dog B. a doctor

C. a dog owner D. a disabled boy

2.What role does Ricochet play according to the passage?

A. She acts as a pet to please its owner.

B. She accompanies the disabled children at home.

C. She works as a guide dog for the blind

D. She helps the disabled children learn to surf.

3.Which statement can best describe Ricochet?

A. The two-year-old dog is severely disabled.

B. Ricochet helps youngsters build up their confidence.

C. Ricochet helps youngsters in their daily life.

D. Ricochet is a lifesaver on the sea.

One of the most traditional features of American culture is to respect the self-made man — the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.

This attitude toward manual(体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.

1.From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that _______.

A. Hagner busies herself by following a trend

B. Hagner doesn't spend much time on her full-time job

C. Hagner is interested in sports and music

D. Hagner wastes much time helping her children's lessons

2.British parents, as the writer described in this passage, _______.

A. treat their children as sports players

B. give their children little time to develop freely

C. bring up their children in a simple way

D. pay no attention to their children's lessons

3.The writer's opinion about after-school clubs is that ________.

A. activities in the country are too competitive

B. children should attend four clubs at a time

C. clubs should have more subjects for school children

D. some clubs result in competitive pressures

4.The last paragraph tells us that in Britain _______.

A. parents used to take their children to every club

B. parents have all benefited from children’s clubs

C. parents used to be wise on how to raise children

D. parents have come to know the standard of education

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