Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highway crashes.

Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons(人字形), which are painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.

Now the American Automobile Association Foundation(基金会) for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.

Excessive (too great) speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all serious traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related danger are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.

Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can cut the average speed of drivers in half at the beginning. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.

Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

1. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ______.

A. they should avoid speed-related hazards

B. they are driving in the wrong lane

C. they should slow down their speed

D. they are coming near to the speed limit

2. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ______.

A. can keep drivers awake

B. can cut road accidents in half

C. will look more attractive

D. will have a longer effect on drivers

3. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________.

A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas

B. change the road signs across the country

C. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons

D. repeat the Japanese road patterns

4. The passage mainly discusses ________.

A. a new way of highway speed control

B. a new pattern for painting highways

C. a new way of training drivers

D. a new type of optical illusion

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相关题目

It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves

Must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderndss(荒野)

For Killing Wolves

In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds

0f them forsport .However．1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the woIf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply．

A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for

food．Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life．When the deer can’t find enough food，they die．

If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some

day．And the wolves will．too．So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the

ecology．If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out．We’d also

save some farm animals．

In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food．Farmers want the

government to send biologists to study the problem．They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small woIf population．

Against Killing Wolves

If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous

wolf．According to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for food．Even today，the stories of the“big bad woIf'＂will not disappear．

But the fact is wolves are afraid of people．and they seldom travel in areas where there is a

human smell．When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young．or the sick and

injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the

weak members had lived．And has always been a law of nature

Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense!Researchers

have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from

becoming too large,and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life．

The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used bv people．Even if

wilderness land is not used directly for human needs．the wolves can’t always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source,which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．

1．According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that_____________．

A．there are too many wolves B．they kill large numbers deer

C．they attack cows and chickens for food D．they destroy the wilderness plant life

2．Some people are against killing wolves because____________．

A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildemess

B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness

C．there are too many deer in the wilderness

D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people

3．According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals，____________．

A．they never eat strong and healthy ones

B．they always go against the law of nature

C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature

D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness

4．The last sentence“And everyone knows what happens next”implies that in such cases____________．

A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away

B．woIves will kill people and people will in turn kill them

C．wolves wilI find enough food sources on famls

D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live

Believe it or not, oceans and seas are easy to be harmed by the development of human society. They are also influenced by man-made pollution easily. It is human beings that do great harm to the ocean ecosystems(生态系统).

The coral reefs(珊瑚礁)are fine ecosystems that provide food and protection for many ocean creatures. The coral in almost all of the oceans is in danger from pollution.Chemicals from factories end up in the seas and oceans and destroy coral reefs. If the coral systems die some ocean creatures will be sure to die out.

Protecting the ocean also has something to do with the protection of ocean wildlife like dolphins. The fishing industry depends on modern ways to catch many fish in order to earn more money. But the nets for fishing also seize other sea animals. The fishing boat workers are advised to check their nets and set other ocean animals free. But the boats are in a hurry to make money and often other ocean animals are caught with fish.

Offshore oil spills(近海石油泄露) can destroy the ocean environment because oil kills all ocean life. The world depends on oil and because there is a great amount of oil off the shore of many countries, the need for oil is more important than the risk of the oil spill. However, the fact is that one human mistake can lead to an ocean environmental accident that will cause years of damage to the fine ocean ecosystems. Oil spills will kill all the creatures in the area of the spill. The oil will be washed up on shore and destroy the ecosystems along the shore including birds.

Everyone who cares about the environment should be interested in protecting the ocean, and all of us should do something for the protection of the ocean.

1.According to the passage, the ocean is harmed easily as a result of .

A．the overuse of the oceans

B．the change of natural conditions

C．the increase of population by the sea

D．the increasing activities of humans

2.What does the second paragraph mainly tell readers?

A．How ocean creatures depend on coral reefs.

B．Coral reefs are home to ocean animals.

C．The great harm caused by factory pollution.

D．The importance of protecting coral systems.

3.The underlined work “seize” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced with“ ”.

A．catch B．attract C．place D．cover

4.Why do people continue to get oil in the sea at the risk of oil spills?

A．Because they believe the oil spill can be stopped.

B．Because there is a large amount of oil in the sea.

C．Because they are in great need of oil.

D．Because getting oil in sea is easier than on land.

虎妈，美国耶鲁大学的华裔教授蔡美儿Amy Lynn Chua，出版了一本名叫《虎妈战歌》Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother的书，在美国引起轰动。在接受采访时，回答了记者的5个问题（第61—65题）。请从下列提问（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出与她的回答相匹配的问题，并在答题卡上将相应选项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

Questions

A．What do you think of the competition between China and the US?

B．What do you think of the image of “tiger mom?”

C．How do your daughters take the criticism about you after your book was published?

D．You said you would not get her Christmas gifts or anything when your daughter refused to repeatedly practice the music. How did your husband respond?

E．What do you think makes a good mother?

F．What does your husband think of your method of bringing up kids?

Chua’s answer: Well, actually I think there are many ways of being a good mother. In my book my focus is just a memory about my own family story, me trying to raise my own children in a kind of traditional Chinese way. I make mistakes and I make fun of myself. It’s amazing the way the book has been received internationally, because. I didn’t intend my book to be telling other people of view and I am a proud strict “tiger mom”. But I’m not trying to tell other people what are the best ways to teach or raise their children.

Chua’s answer: Well, the title may sound a little frightening. Let me tell you why I chose the title. I was born in the year of the tiger. And “battle Hymn” in the United States comes from “The Battle Hymn of the Republic”. The book is really about finding some sort of balance: how can we find the balance between the eastern way of parenting and the western way of parenting. In ways the book as been misunderstood maybe because of the title.

Chua’s answer: I didn’t write this book to have any foreign policy implications. But it’s been taken into the foreign policy realm. It is of course true that there is a connection between child-raising and the future of nations. We are raising, as parents, the next generation. So I think Henry is right. We tapped into this thing of insecurity, American’s fear about the rising power of china. A friend of mine told me that if the book had been called The Battle Hymn of an Italian Mother or The Battle Hymn of a Mexican Mother, nobody would have cared. It’s really “China”. you know.

Chua’s answer: I don’t think he opposes my idea of raising children. I’d like to think we have a combination, which is the right solution. You need a balance. From my perspective, what I give my kids is something that I thought was lacking in the US educational system. You know, they hate memorization, while in China you have too much of it. In the US, learning should be fun, a lot of games,. So I brought hard work and disciplines. My husband and I think this is a great thing always teaching them to question the authority and to ask why. Don’t accept everything just because somebody tells you. Figure it out yourself. I really think you need to combine both these qualities if you want creativity and dynamism.

Chua’s answer: They both are stronger than I am. I am really proud of them. Their friends and communities supported them. At a time, I couldn’t even look at the Internet because there are so many negative comments. And they would find the good ones and text them to me, saying “here’s a good one mommy, hang in there.” This experience has actually brought my family together. Believe it or not, not just my kids, also my parents and my three younger sisters have supported me.

根据短文内容，从下面的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。

How to Become a Healthy Person?

The following are some healthy lifestyle tips that will help you on how to be a healthy person. We all know that our minds control our actions, and so does our thoughts, and this is why the happy and optimistic people live longer and healthier! In this modern world, we often pay more attention to the negative（负面的，消极的） than the positive! Believe it or not,the more negative thoughts you have in your mind,the more outcomes of you efforts will be.No matter what the situation is, you need to change your thoughts and practice to pay attention to the positive.

You need to give enough rest to your body and mind which will only come from a good sound eight hours sleep. This will not only make your body and mind fresh,but also make you more active and relaxed. Some tips for better sleep would be to stay away from such things as so-called “energy drinks”. If you want real health, sleep is all you need to have.

Have you seen the group of old people in the park who form a round circle and start laughing as if they would win a million dollars for it ? No matter how funny it looks, the benefits of laughter are a way beyond our imagination. If you feel like smiling, just smile! No matter what, wear that beautiful smile on your lips and make sure it is always there.

Eating healthy foods and balancing it with the right amount of exercise is extremely important. Try to eat as much fruit and vegetables as possible. Such food makes you feel light and active! Wake up early in the morning and start with proper exercise.A 30-minute walk or run will not only make you physically healthy and active, but also make you more flexible and your mind smart.

The way you look upon yourself is the way you look upon your life. It is very important for a person to have self-esteem(自尊)， for it is your attitude that decides your life. No matter what you have done so far, it’s the way you look upon yourself that really matters. Think what person you want to be and keep to it. Work hard towards becoming the person you want to be.

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或所给单词的首字母，在句子的横线上写出各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。

1.It’s a fine day. Let’s go ___________(户外，野外) to enjoy the sunshine.

2. She saw him coming but she __________ (不理睬) him.

3.__________(事实上), on second thoughts, I don’t think I will go out with him..

4.We learned that he was _________ (遭受) from cancer.

5.The general _________(命令) his men to attack the city.

6.They keep in touch with each other since they ________(毕业) from college.

7.He is a _______(可靠的) man, so we can depend on him.

8. The lifeboat was sent out to ______(营救) the sailors from the sinking ship.

9.Believe it or not, Mary’s sister suddenly ______(爆发) into crying when we were eating.

10.In the traffic accident, two were killed and three got _______(伤害，损害).

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