题目内容
8．"Plants were supposed to grow larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere，but changes in temperature，humidity and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，"said researchers from the National University of Singapore．45percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past．The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats，caused by climate change，are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures．
"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved，or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，"the researchers said．"Until we understand more，we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify．"
The change was big in cold-blooded animals．Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles （爬行动物） smaller．An increase of only 1℃caused nearly a 10percent increase in metabolism （新陈代谢）．Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards．Fish are smaller now too．Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers，experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth..There is a recent report on warmer temperatures'negative effects on plankton （浮游生物），the base of the marine ecosystem．
Warm-blooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change．Many birds are now smaller．Mammals have been miniaturized too．Soay sheep are thinner．Red deer are weaker．And polar bears are smaller，compared with historical records．This isn't the first time this has happened in Earth's history．
55million years ago，a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees，spiders and ants to shrink by 50to 75percent over several thousand years．That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change．
The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough，especially those with long generation times．So，it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future．
32．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？B
A．Why do some species become smaller？
B．Species become smaller as climate warms．
C．Climate change has many negative effects．
D．How does climate change in Earth's history？
33．The underlined word"trumped"in the first paragraph can be replaced by"A"．
A．beaten
B．increased
C．strengthened
D．equaled
34．What can we learn from the passage？C
A．Cold-blooded animals become smaller because of the lack of food．
B．Birds have suffered more from climate change than fish．
C．Climate change has even affected plankton negatively．
D．The warming event has never happened in Earth's history before．
35．What is the author's attitude toward climate change？B
A．Optimistic．
B．Concerned．
C．Indifferent．
D．Confident．
分析 全文主要说明了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象．
解答 32．B，题目归纳题，全文主要说明了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象，因此B项最适合作本文标题．
33．A，词义猜测题，根据句中的but可知，画线词所在部分与画线词前面的内容"大气中二氧化碳的增加将使生物个体变大"是转折关系，从而可以推测气温、湿度、营养等的变化对生物的影响战胜了二氧化碳增加的好处，即实际上生物个体变小了，故答案为A．
34．C，细节理解题，根据第四段最后一句"There is a recent report on warmer temperatures'negative effects on plankton（浮游生物），the base of the marine ecosystem．"可知，气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影响．
35．B，态度观点题，根据文章最后一句的"So，it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future．"可知，作者对气候变暖这一现象有些担忧．
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．
练习册系列答案
相关题目