题目内容

Walking down the city streets,you look up and see1.red telephone box.Behind it,on the road,a big red double-floor bus passes by,2.(carry) citizens and tourists.This is London.And the red is what the city is famous 3..

Modern transportation has changed the way we lead our lives.One important means of transport has been the bus.In London,buses take on a bigger role.They are used to visit the city.Red tourist buses have open4.(roof), which let people take photos,have an amazing view of the city and enjoy5.(them) as they drive past Big Ben,the Thames and so on.

But how did the bus become unique to London culture?Horse-drawn buses enjoy a history of more than 180 years.They6.(use) in London since 1829.By the early 20th century,motor-buses were driving around London.Bus companies used different colors at the time.One of the7.(big) companies chose red because the bright colour made8.easy for the citizens to pick out the bus.In 1933,when London transport was grouped into a single company,they chose the most9.(wide)used color at the time-red.

And so the color red stayed in London.But it was in the mid-1950s10.the red double-floor was born.Its name is the Routemaster.Built between 1954 and 1968,they still look traditional.Like they have been frozen in time.

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It’s always been a rule in my family, spoken or unspoken, that you don’t waste food. With six children herself and having grown up in an even larger family through the Great Depression, my mother would never tolerate throwing out the amounts of food we see routinely these days in the dumpster. We were told simply to clean our plates, no matter whether we liked the taste or if we were not hungry or not. So this subject is deep in my genes and upbringing.

Estimates are that nearly one third of all food produced is wasted. USDA estimates 31% of food available at retail (零售)level is wasted. 12% of landfill material is food. 28% of agricultural land produces food which is wasted, says the FAO. 18% of vegetables, and 12% of the apple crop are lost at the farm level in the United States., say experts.

Luckily, there’s an “ugly food” movement picking up steam. “Ugly” foods are those that sellers and buyers often reject because of their appearance, like misshapen vegetables and bruised(擦伤的) fruits. Farmers dump them. Supermarkets and restaurants reject them. Now supermarkets and restaurants reject them. Consumers historically have avoided them. Now supermarkets feature the ugly. It’s fashionable. More artful terms are favored. A French supermarket chain is selling “inglorious” foods. The British chain ASDA uses “wonky(歪斜的)” (which to American ears might sound as bad as “ugly.”) Canada’s Loblaws uses “naturally imperfect.” Celebrity chef Jamie Oliver, who has cast himself as a promoter of the “good food movement,” has signed on with some British chains to support their efforts.

With the effort of Kretschmann Farm CSA’s we’ve taken the line that rather than throw away things which would be classified by others as ugly, inglorious, or imperfect, we would just give them to you and you could decide. Either we throw them away, or you can. Oftentimes this adds to the volume of the box, or makes it a little more urgent to consume (because sometimes those rejected foods are just very ripe!).

1.When the author was a kid, he .

A. often suffered from hunger

B. was not allowed to waste food

C. had to wash plates after a meal

D. didn’t like the taste of his food

2.What does the underlined part “picking up steam” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Coming to an end.

B. Facing a challenge.

C. Making a selection.

D. Becoming more popular.

3.The Kretschmann Farm CSA .

A. provides perfect food for customers

B. sells food mot of which is very ripe

C. tries to bring ugly food to customers

D. encourage the consumption of food

Samuel Langhorne Clemens, who is better known all over the world as Mark Twain, left school when he was twelve. He had little school education. However, he still became the most famous writer of his time. He made millions of dollars by writing.

Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected(期望) to live through the first winter. But with his mother’ s care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all his friends and neighbors. He didn’t like to go to school, and he often ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi. He was nearly drowned(淹没)nine times.

After his father’s death, Mark Twain began to work for a printer(印刷厂), who only provided him with food and clothing. Then, he worked as a printer, a river-boat pilot(引航员)and later joined the army. But soon after that he became a miner. During this period, he started to write short stories. Afterwards(后来) he became a full-time writer.

In 1870, Mark Twain got married. In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn in 1884, which made him famous, and brought him great fortune.

Unfortunately, Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments(投资) and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts. In 1904, his wife died, and then three of his children passed away.

At the age of 70, his hair was completely white. He bought many white suits and neckties(领带). He wore only white from head to foot until his death on April 21, 1910.

1.Which of the following shows the right order about Mark Twain?

a. He became a miner.              

b. He worked as a printer.

c. He got into debts.                    

d. His father died.

e. He became a full-time writer. 

f. He joined the army.

A. a—d—b—c—e—f B. d—b—f—a—e—c

C. d—a—f—e—b—c D. c—b—d—f—e—a

2.In order to make a living, Mark Twain _______.

A. always worked as a printer

B. did many kinds of work

C. wrote stories in the beginning

D. joined the army after he worked in a mine

3.From the passage we can see that Mark Twain _______.

A. had a happy childhood

B. was a good boy and always did what he was asked

C. was very naughty(淘气的)when he was young

D. lived a pleasant life

Bao Bao was born in the United States,but she was always destined(注定的)to go to China.A giant panda named Mei Xiang gave birth to Bao Bao at Washington's National Zoo in 2013.She was the zoo's first surviving panda cub(幼崽)since 2005.Visitors went to see Bao Bao for the first time in early 2014.The zoo's first giant pandas arrived in 1972.They were a gift to the United States after President Richard Nixon's historic trip to China

The US agreement with China states that the cubs of pandas loaned to the National Zoo must go to China by age four.Zoo officials have a number of events planned for Bao Bao before she travels.For example,she will receive a cake made of ice.Officials say it will recognize the people who give money to the National Zoo to help research into animals.

People around the world will be able to watch Bao Bao's final days in Washington.There will be several Facebook Live events,including videos of zookeepers preparing Bao Bao for her trip and a program showing how to make panda-themed art projects.Bao Bao's final hours at the zoo will be shown on Facebook Live on February 21.

Some of her human friends are using the hashtag(标签)# ByeByeBaoBao to say goodbye.On Twitter,Lisa wrote:"I am going to miss Bao Bao so much!I have met so many people because of her."

Bao Bao will leave for China soon on a flight called the Fed Ex "Panda Express".If you are sad about seeing her go,there are three other pandas at the zoo.You can still see her parents,Mei Xiang and Tian Tian,and her brother,Bei Bei.

1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A. Bao Bao will be sent back to China.

B. Bao Bao was the only surviving cub.

C. Bao Bao once visited China with Nixon.

D. Bao Bao was sent to the United Kingdom as a present.

2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "loaned" in Paragraph 2?

A. turned B. lent

C. referred D. apologised

3.What may be the best title for the text?

A. Bao Bao's living habits

B. Bao Bao will leave for China

C. Chinese and Americans' love for pandas

D. Officials are preparing for pandas coming home

One of the greatest stories of rags to riches success is that of Andrew Carnegie,who started life in Poverty but became the richest man in the world.

Carnegie was born in Scotland in 1837,the son of a weaver.In 1848,the.family moved to the United States and at 13 Carnegie began work in a cotton mill,earning $1.5 per week.About three years later,he found a better job as a telegraph messenger boy.At work,his superiors were impressed by his abilities and willingness to work hard.In 1853, he gained an office job at the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.This was his first big break.He continued to impress and rose rapidly through the company,gaining more and more responsibility.At the same time,Carnegie loved reading very much and made use of every opportunity to visit the library.He rend widely on all subjects,particularly literature.

Carnegie now began to save a little money and,with the help of his employer,began to make some successful investments(投资).He invested in the iron industry and eventually set up in business himself,owning several iron and steel plants.This was where he made his fortune.By the 1890s,the Carnegie Steel Company was the biggest and most successful business in the world.

Carnegie had always believed that the pursuit(追求)of wealth was never an end in itself.In his view,successful, wealthy people should give away their wealth for the benefit of everyone in society.True to his word,in 1901,at the age of 66,he retired from business and devoted the rest of his life to charity work.

Carnegie's lack of formal education and his poor family background clearly didn't influence his success.His rapid rise from poverty to wealth was due to his willingness to work hard,his intelligence and good business sense, and his talent for making things happen.He died in 1919 at the age of 83.

1.What can be learnt from the text?

A. Carnegie was highly thought of by his employers.

B. Carnegie made his investments independently.

C. Carnegie believed that money was everything.

D. Carnegie could have been more successful if he had been formally educated.

2.What does "gaining more and more responsibility" in the second paragraph most probably mean?

A. Becoming more and more intelligent. B. Being put to higher positions.

C. Having a better sense of confidence. D. Reading more and more books.

3.How did Carnegie finally make a big fortune?.

A. His employer helped him. B. He was much paid when working.

C. He set up his own business. D. He saved money year by year.

4.Which of the followings will be the suitable title for the text?

A. Andrew Carnegie: A Wealthy Man

B. Steel & Iron: The Most Profitable Business

C. From Rags to Riches: The Story of Andrew Carnegie

D. Intelligence and Good Business Sense: Two Factors in Becoming Rich

“Heaven (天堂) is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell (地狱) is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.”

Obviously the national stereotypes (模式化的思想) in this old joke are generalizations (普遍化), but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver (裂片) of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says.

“National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They don’t come from looking around you,” McCrae said.

If national stereotypes aren’t rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism (个人主义) has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.

Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.

We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes. Generally, according to Robins, when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes, we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.

1.The stereotype about Italians is ________.

A. romantic but disorganized

B. friendly and good-tempered

C. dreamy and impractical

D. strict but thoughtful

2.National stereotypes are not always correct because ________.

A. they are formed by individual historians

B. what was true in the past may not be true at the present

C. generalizations are made through personal experience

D. people tend to have false idea about other cultures

3.According to the research team led by McCrae, national stereotypes are ________.

A. interestingB. harmfulC. humorousD. unreliable

4.The underlined word “hard-wired” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A. forgetfulB. anxiousC. fixedD. helpless

How Can I Fight Laziness?

Lazy people will never amount to anything in life.However,laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.

1. Many people lack sleep constantly,since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work.These people have little motivation once they arrive home.Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things.By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest,you can fight laziness throughout the day.

Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active.Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task.Others take a more proactive approach,viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.2.

Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations that surround them.A television in the living room may provide entertainment,but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.3. Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy,such as a good dinner or a film.

Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.Couples and children may all have different energy levels,but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.4. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task.It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.

5. Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle,thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.

A.To fight family laziness,set an example.

B.Knowing how to fight laziness is important.

C.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.

D.Finally,taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.

E.With strong determination,you will be able to achieve your goal.

F.Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.

G.Create a reward system for yourself,just as parents do for the children.

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