题目内容

The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II

       The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.

       American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt’s “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitler’s policies. Germany’s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August, 1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.

One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public was

A the burning of the Reichstag.   B German plans for conquest.

C Nazi barbarism.             D the persecution of religious groups.

The Lend-Lease Act was designed to

A help the British.

B strengthen the national defense of the United States.

C promote the Atlantic Charter.

D avenge Pearl Harbor.

American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as being

A watchful.  B isolationist.  C peaceful.   D indifferent.

The Neutrality Act of 1939

A permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.

B antagonized Japan.

C permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.

D led to Lend-Lease Act.

We entered the war against Germany

A because Germany declared war.

B because Japan was an ally of Germany.

C after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.

D after peaceful efforts had failed.

【小题1】A

【小题2】B

【小题3】B

【小题4】A

【小题5】A


解析:

       文章讲述了第三帝国成立,美国由中立到宣战的一段历史。采用按年代先后进行叙述的写作手法。文章一开始就点明主题:“第三帝国的成立影响了美国历史,从一系列事情开始,最终导致德国和美国交战。”

【小题1】帝国大厦焚毁,众所周知,这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋,旨在迫害德国共产党。

B. 德国征服计划。C. 纳粹之残暴。D. 迫害宗教团体。在文中都提到。见第一段第二句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮,特别是德国及其盟国意、日、征服世界的计划激起美国极大愤怒,也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。”

【小题2】加强美国国防。见第二段导数第五句“1941年的租借法规定:总统对他认为保卫美国所需要的国家有权卖给、交换或借给他们物资。”

A. 帮助英国,不对。C. 促进大西洋公约。大西洋公约是1941年8月,罗斯福和邱吉尔会面后的联合公告。D. 报复珍珠港。是1941年日本发起袭击的报复。

【小题3】 与世隔绝。这在第一段第三句“美国人民虽然反对希特勒的凶残等事,他们一般还是喜欢孤立(与世隔绝的)政策和保持中立。1933年和1936年的中立条约规定:禁止和交战国双方贸易和借贷。”

A. 观察的。C. 和平的。D. 不正确的。

【小题4】允许把武器卖给交战国。答案在第二段第六句“1939年的中立条约取消了武器禁运,允许进行现钞交易出口武器给交战国。”

B. 和日本敌对。C. 允许英国只能和其盟国贸易。D. 导致租借条约。

【小题5】 因为德国宣战。这在第一段已有说明。尽管希特勒坏事做尽,美国还是倾向于中立政策。第二段罗斯福在芝加哥的演讲,态度稍有改变。严厉批评希特勒的政策,但仍然以中立为主。1941年日本袭击珍珠港,不久德国宣战,美国才不得不参战。

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May 22, 1844, and lived in Europe for several years as a child.

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   Mary painted what she saw: gardens, and paintings of persons , especially of mothers and children involved in everyday living. One of her paintings, "Young Mother and Two Children," was given to the White House in 1954 where it hangs today.

   Mary never married and, in 1877, her parents and sister moved to Europe to join her. Mary devoted much of her time to them for the next 18 years to their care. Mary painted until 1914 when her failing eyesight made it impossible to continue. She spent the later years of her life in Paris. She died in 1926 at the age of 82. Unfortunately,all her life, she refused to accept students.

Mary left Pennsylvania for Europe at age 20 mainly because_____.

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   B. she didn’t learn anything in Pennsylvania

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   A. 1860   B. 1864   C. 1877    D. 1914

Which of the statements about Mary Cassatt is supported by the passage?

   A. Her father had a decisive effect on her painting

   B. Her painting featured scenes of everyday living

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   B. the paintings of Edgar Degas belong to realism

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2. A. or   B. so       C. but     D. yet

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4. A. without  B. for      C. with    D. after

5. A. awake    B. ready  C. up      D. friendly

6. A. useless    B. impossible  C. unable D. important

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10. A. pleased B. satisfied     C. interested   D. uneasy

11. A. Never   B. Always       C. Do      D. Be sure to

12. A. spelling       B. calling       C. order  D. pronunciation

13. A. words   B. letters C. idioms       D. sentences

14. A. last       B. first    C. finally D. in the middle

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16. A. given    B. family C. middle       D. pen

17. A. gentleman’s  B. boy’s  C. woman’s    D. man’s

18. A. works   B. marries      C. bears   D. dies

19. A. husband       B. mother       C. father  D. sister

20. A. stop      B. give up      C. keep   D. find

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Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine(女性的)and an attractive man more masculine(男性的)than the less attractive ones. Thus , an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine”qualities required.

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A. turns out to be an obstacle to men

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  A visit to such schools will leave you in no doubt that the children enjoy themselves. After all, what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?

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    C. have got some work to do     D. love singing and dancing

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    C. train pupils in language and performing arts

    D. provide a general education and stage training.

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    A. ordinary school work       B. money-making performances

    C. stage training at school      D. acting, singing or dancing after class

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    B. He favours an early start in the training of performing arts.

    C. He feels uncomfortable about children putting on night shows.

    D. He doubts the standard of ordinary education they have reached.

Every year more people recognize that it is wrong to kill wildlife for “sport.” Progress in this direction is slow because shooting is not a sport for watching, and only those few who take part realize the cruelty and destruction.

   The number of gunners, however, grows rapidly. Children too young to develop proper judgments through independent thought are led along way away by their gunning parents. They are subjected to advertisements of gun producers who describe shooting as good for their health and guncarrying as a way of putting redder blood in the veins (血管). They are persuaded by gunner magazines with stories honoring the chase and the kill. In school they view motion pictures which are supposedly meant to teach them how to deal with arms safely but which are actually designed to stimulate (刺激) a desire to own a gun. Wildlife is disappearing because of shooting and because of the loss of wildland habitat (栖息地). Habitat loss will continue with our increasing population, but can we slow the loss of wildlife caused by shooting? There doesn't seem to be any chance if the serious condition of our birds is not improved.

     Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people.

     Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy. If, as they would have you believe, gun-carrying and killing improve human-character, then perhaps we should encourage war.

According to the text, most people do not seem to be against hunting because___________.

       A. they have little knowledge of it               B. it helps to build human character

       C. it is too costly to stop killing wildlife   D. they want to keep wildlife under control

The underlined word "agony" in the last paragraph probably means______________.

      A. form               B. Condition        C. pain         D. sadness

According to the text, the films children watch at school actually__________.

      A. teach them how to deal with guns safely        B. praise hunting as character-building

     C. describe hunting as an exercise            D. encourage them to have guns of their own                                                                                                                                          It can be inferred from the text that the author seems to_____________.

       A. blame the majority of people        B. worry about the existence of wildlife

       C. be in favour of war               D. be in support of character-building

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