题目内容

16.Self-talk helps us allTalking Io yourself may seem a little shameful.If you've ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech,you'll know the social problems it can cause.(36)ATalking to ourselves,whether out loud or silently in our heads,is valuable.Far from being a sign of madness,self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do,manage our activities and control our emotions.
Psychologists call self-talk private speech-language that is spoken out loud but directed at yourself.We do a lot of it when we are young.As children,we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others.(37)C
Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking.One recent study suggests that self-talk is the most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person:as"you"rather than"I".
We keep the private speech we use as children inside-but we never truly put away the out-loud version.(38)BYou're sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.
(39)G Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places,leading to a solution to a problem,just like a regular dialogue,and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.
Both kinds of self-talk-silent and out loud-seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking.(40)E

A.But there's no need for embarrassment.
B.If you want proof,turn on a sports channel.
C.As we grow older,we keep this system inside.
D.Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with toys.
E.Words to the self,spoken silently or aloud,are so much more than just chatter.
F.According to the well-known saying,talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.
G.Self-talk seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas.

分析 我们容易把自言自语与疯癫划等号,然而心理学研究表明,自言自语不但不是疯癫的信号,还对思维发展大有裨益.

解答 36.A  上下文 语境理解题.根据Talking to ourselves,whether out loud or silently in our heads,is a valuable tool for thought.可知,和自己说话,不论大声还是默默的在我们的心里,是一个有价值的用于思考的工具.所以没有必要感到尴尬,故此处A符合语境.
37.C上下文 语境理解题.我们小的时候会用自言自语的方式来控制自己,正如我们大声的在公众面前为说话一般,而慢慢我们长大了,我们会将该情绪内化,结合选项,故答案为C.
38.B 上下文 语境理解题.根据前面一个句子We do a lot of it when we are young我们小时候经常对自己私下说话,导致了成年后很少在这样做了,故答案为B.
39.G 上下文语境理解题.根据后前一句Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places,leading to a solution to a problem,just like a regular dialogue,and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.自言自语可以帮助我们更好的解决问题,找到关键.结合选项,故选G.
40.E 上下文语境理解题.根据最前一句话Both kinds of self-talk-silent and out loud-seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking提到大声的说话或者是默默的自言自语都是对于我们的思考有帮助的,比起一般的聊天而言,结合选项,故答案为E.

点评 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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7.We all know the feeling of walking into an air-conditioned office building on a hot summer day.It's 94℉outside.It's 64℉inside.Suddenly,you need a knit sweater just to sit at your desk.I know someone who used to bring a space heater to work-in August.
Aside from being uncomfortable,this is horrifically inefficient.The low hum of the air conditioner is the sound of coal being burned and money being spent to make you miserable at work.BuildingIQ is trying to change that.Their secret weapon?Machine learning.
The company has developed cloud-based software that gathers information about a building and uses it to build a thermal model (热模型).That model can predict how much or how little energy is needed to keep the people inside comfortable by analyzing factors like indoor temperature and pressure,electricity consumption,the
weather forecast,the price of electricity,and therefore tailors heating and air conditioning for maximum energy efficiency.
Thanks to a recent cooperation,BuildingIQ will soon take human preferences into account.Changes to heating and air conditioning are always influenced by the limits of human comfort,and those limits vary from person to person.This data will be added into the thermal model.Imagine a retirement home where the occupants are always too cold.If the system knows this,it will reduce the air conditioning in the summer to keep grandma and grandpa nice and warm.
How well does it work?BuildingIQ says it regularly saves between 10and 25percent on heating and air conditioning,the two items that make up 50 or 60 percent of a building's total energy use.The software will help cut energy bills and improve comfort all while reducing our reliance on fossil fuels.It won't be long before you can leave your space heater at home.

27.In Paragraph 1,the author intends to.D
A.complain about the coldness in air-conditioned offices
B.describe the harmful effects of an unhealthy lifestyle
C.criticize some people's unawareness to save energy
D.indicate the low efficiency of the old way of air conditioning
28.According to the article,what does the"thermal model"do?C
A.Gathering information about a building's history.
B.Learning about machines that heat a building.
C.Predicting the amount of air conditioning needed.
D.Analyzing the physical fitness of people inside.
29.The underlined word"tailor"can be best replaced by.B
A.limit
B.adjust
C.expand
D.prevent
30.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?B
A.BuildingIQ is going to be experimented at retirement homes.
B.BuildingIQ will also analyze human temperature preferences.
C.People have different preferences for temperature and comfort.
D.The limits of human comfort vary and change at different ages.
4.Imagine you're at a party full of strangers.You're nervous.Who are these people?How do you start a conversation?Fortunately,you've got a thing that sends out energy at tiny chips in everyone's name tag(胸牌).The chips send back name,job,hobbies,and the time available for meeting-whatever.Making new friends becomes simple.
This hasn't quite happened in real life.But the world is already experiencing a revolution using RFID technology.
An RFID tag with a tiny chip can be fixed in a product,under your pet's skin,even under your own skin.Passive RFID tags have no energy source-batteries because they do not need it.The energy comes from the reader,a scanning device(装置),that sends out energy (for example,radio waves) that starts up the tag immediately.
Such a tag carries information specific to that object,and the data can be updated.Already,RFID technology is used for recognizing each car or truck on the road and it might appear in your passport.Doctors can put a tiny chip under the skin that will help locate and obtain a patient's medical records.At a nightclub in Paris or in New York the same chip gets you into the VIP section and pays for the bill with the wave of an arm.
Take a step back:10 or 12 years ago,you would have heard about the coming age of computing.One example always seemed to surface:Your refrigerator would know when you needed to buy more milk.The concept was that computer chips could be put everywhere and send information in a smart network that would make ordinary life simpler.
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When Marconi invented radio,he thought it would be used for ship-to-shore communication.Not for pop music.Who knows how RFID and related technologies will be used in the future.Here's a wild guess:Not for buying milk.

32.The article is intended toD.
A.warn people of the possible risks in adopting RFID technology
B.explain the benefits brought about by RFID technology
C.convince people of the uses of RFID technology
D.predict the applications of RFID technology
33.We know from the passage that with the help of RFID tags,peopleA.
A.will have no trouble getting data about others
B.will have more energy for conversation
C.will have more time to make friends
D.won't feel shy at parties any longer
34.Why are some people worried about RFID technology?C
A.Because children will be tracked by strangers.
B.Because market competition will become more fierce.
C.Because their private lives will be greatly a ffected.
D.Because customers will be forced to buy more products.
35.The last paragraph implies that RFID technologyB.
A.will not be used for such matters as buying milk
B.will be widely used,including for buying milk
C.will only be used for buying milk
D.will probably not be widely used.
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41.A.specialB.terribleC.practicalD.cheap
42.A.eyeB.noseC.handD.mouth
43.A.imagineB.affordC.touchD.describe
44.A.clumsyB.uniqueC.fadedD.stylish
45.A.tryB.actC.insistD.withdraw
46.A.unlessB.even ifC.untilD.even after
47.A.costB.consequenceC.standardD.symbol
48.A.looking forB.holdingC.reaching forD.filling
49.A.amusedB.excitedC.awfulD.happy
50.A.poisonousB.preciousC.dangerousD.magical
51.A.hurtB.attractC.frightenD.please
52.A.criticizedB.encouragedC.educatedD.comforted
53.A.increasedB.relievedC.confirmedD.developed
54.A.gratefulB.nervousC.heartbrokenD.desperate
55.A.resistedB.wastedC.protectedD.prized
56.A.StillB.SoC.OtherwiseD.Therefore
57.A.brandB.bottleC.flavorD.color
58.A.someB.noneC.anotherD.more
59.A.quartersB.packetsC.dropsD.shops
60.A.turn toB.devote toC.count onD.decide on
5.People living in the country enjoy several advantages that people living in the city cannot enjoy.
They are in close contact (接触) with nature.They make friends with trees and stones.They breathe fresh air.They fight with strong winds.They listen to the song of birds.This contact with nature is good for health.There are many diseases that are common in the city,but are not to be found in the country,For example,near---sightedness is almost unknown to country people.Because of the absence of cars,one can walk more freely in the country than in the city.There are no rules of the road nor traffic signs to obey.People living in the country can easily get fresh vegetables,fresh fruit and fresh milk,and they get them at lower prices than in the city.Country life is economical (节俭的) in other ways,too.There are practically no temptations to waste money.
Country people are mostly honest.They say what they mean,and make and keep promises with sincerity (诚意).They do not put on air (摆架子).They do not pretend to have those ridiculous (荒谬的) manners which are necessary in what we call polite society.

32.What is probably more expensive in the country than in the city?B
A.Vegetables.
B.Beer.
C.Milk.
D.Fruit.
33.What is NOT true of country life?A
A.The traffic accident rate is very high in the country.
B.Living in the country saves one a lot of money.
C.Country people enjoy better health than the city people.
D.Country people are honest.
34.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?D
A.People living in the country enjoy no advantages.
B.People living in the city are in close contact with nature.
C.People living in the country suffer from more diseases than those living in the city.
D.The prices of farm products are lower in the country than in the city.
35.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?C
A.The Disadvantages of Living in the Country.
B.The Expenses of Living in the Country.
C.Country Life.
D.Healthy Country People.
11.In 1929,a peasant in Sichuan Province uncovered jade (玉器) and stone artifacts(手工艺品) while repairing a ditch(沟渠) located about 24miles from Chengdu.But their significance wasn't understood until 1986,when archaeologists unearthed two pits(大坑) of Bronze Age treasures.The discovery suggests an impressive technicality(手工技艺),said Peter Keller,a geologist and president of the Bowers Museum in California,which is currently hosting an exhibit of some of these treasures.
The treasures came from a lost civilization,now known as the Sanxingdui,a city on the banks of the Minjiang River.
"It's a big mystery,"said Keller,who is not involved in the current study.
"Archaeologists now believe that the culture disappeared sometime between 3,000and 2,800years ago,"Niannian fan,a river science researcher at Tsinghua University in Chengdu,China,said.
"The current explanations for why it disappeared are war and flood,but both are not very convincing,"Fan told Live Science.
But about 14years ago,archaeologists found the remains of another ancient city called Jinsha near Chengdu.The Jinsha site,though it contained none of the bronzes of Sanxingdui,did have a gold crown covered with fish,arrows and birds similar to golden objects found at Sanxingdui.That has led some scholars to believe that the people from Sanxingdui may have relocated to Jinsha.
Fan wondered whether an earthquake may have caused landslides that dammed the river high up in the mountains and rerouted it to Jinsha.That catastrophe may have reduced Sanxingdui's water supply,spurring its people to move.
And some historical records support their assumptions.In 1099B.C.,ancient writers recorded an earthquake in the capital of the Zhou Dynasty,in Shanxi Province,Fan said.Though that spot is roughly 250miles from the historic site of Sanxingdui,the latter culture didn't have writing at the time.So it's possible the earthquake epicenter(震中) was actually close to Sanxingdui-but it just wasn't recorded there.
Around the same time,geological sediment(沉积物) suggest massive flooding occurred,and the later-han Dynasty document The Chronicles of the Kings of Shu records ancient floods pouring from a mountain in a spot that suggests the flow being rerouted,Fan said.
Together,the findings hint that major earthquake triggered a landslide that dammed the river,rerouting its flow and reducing water flow to Sanxingdui,Fan said.

56.In the first paragraph,the author wants toA.
A.introduce the topic of a lost civilization
B.tel us how beautiful the jade and stone artifacts look
C.remind us to pay attention to the earthquake
D.inform us we can easily find treasures in a ditch
57.According to the passage,the following statements are true EXCEPT thatB.
A.Bowers Museum is exhibiting some of Bronze Age treasures
B.Peter Keller is the lead researcher on the study of Sanxingdui
C.some scholars think that the people from Sanxingdui may have moved to Jinsha
D.some findings support the idea that an earthquake caused a landslide,which dammed the river,rerouting its flow and reducing water flow to Sanxingdui
58.Which of the following is the most probable explanation of mystery of the disappearance of Sanxingdui's civilization?C
A.War.B.Flood.C.Earthquake.D.Hurricane.
59.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word"spurring"in the seventh paragraph?A
A.Forcing.
B.Allowing.
C.Supporting.
D.Favoring.
60.What type of writing is this passage?C
A.Science fiction.
B.An official document.
C.A newspaper report.
D.A research report.

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