Question

【题目】 People have always had to find ways to keep food safe to eat. Methods to dry, smoke and salt food were invented thousands of years ago. 【1】 This storage method keeps food safe to eat for long periods of time. Today, canning is one of the most popular methods of storing food.

Clean fruits or vegetables are placed in glass bottles. The food can be put into the bottles either hot or cold. The cold method is used for soft fruits and vegetables that could lose their shape or taste. 【2】 They take up less space in the bottles.

After the food has been placed in glass bottles, boiling water is poured into the bottles to about three centimeters below the top. 【3】 The bottles are placed in a large container filled with warm water that is then brought to a boil.

The water must completely cover the bottles, from three to five centimeters over the top. When the water boils, any air in the bottles will be expelled. The boiling continues for several minutes. Then the bottles are allowed to cool. Finally, they are placed briefly into cold water. 【4】 In other words, a vacuum （真空）is created.

When the bottles are completely cool, notes can be placed on them to identify what is inside. The bottles can then be stored in a cool, dark place at a temperature of between 4℃ and 21℃.

【5】 It is also a good way to store food for six months to a year, or even several years, in case of an emergency. It does not cost much to continue canning every year once the equipment has been purchased.

A.The process of canning is much more recent.

B.This makes a strong barrier to keep the air out.

C.One popular method of canning uses a water bath.

D.Firmer fruits and most vegetables are usually cooked.

E.Canning uses heat to kill bacteria that cause poisons to form in food.

F.Then covers are placed on the bottles, but they are not turned all the way.

G.Canning allows your family to enjoy foods that might not come fresh throughout the year.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】F

【4】B

【5】G

【解析】

本文为一篇说明文，讲述了如何制作罐头来延长食品的保质期。

【1】

空格前一句Methods to dry, smoke and salt food were invented thousands of years ago.(干燥、烟熏和加盐的方法是几千年前发明的保存食物的方法)讲到了传统保存食物的方法。空格后Today, canning is one of the most popular methods of storing food.(今天，罐头是最流行的储存食物的方法之一)讲到了现代的事物保存方法。由此我们可以推断出，横线处应该是讲从传统的方法到现在的保存法。那么A项The process of canning is much more recent. (装罐的过程是最近才开始的)很好地起到了过渡的作用。故此题选A

【2】

本段讲到了食物储存会放入两种罐子中。空格前一处讲到The cold method is used for soft fruits and vegetables that could lose their shape or taste. (冷法是用来处理软的水果和蔬菜，它们可能会失去形状或味道)那么空格后应该将用热法来储存质地较硬的事物。那么D项Firmer fruits and most vegetables are usually cooked.(较硬的水果和大多数蔬菜通常是煮熟的)满足这一意义。故此题选D。

【3】

前文说到After the food has been placed in glass bottles, boiling water is poured into the bottles to about three centimeters below the top.(把食物放进玻璃瓶后，把开水倒进瓶子里，大约在瓶口以下三厘米处)可知这一句话是在讲如何制作罐头。空格后讲到这些瓶子被放在一个装满温水的大容器里。所以我们推断出横线处还是在讲装食物的瓶子的具体情况。所以F项Then covers are placed on the bottles, but they are not turned all the way. (然后在瓶子上盖上盖子，但它们不会一直转动)具体讲瓶子里装好水后的下一步，就是盖上盖子，满足此处过渡。故此题选F。

【4】

通过下一句In other words, a vacuum is created.(换句话说真空就形成了)我们可以得知，上一句是在讲如何创造真空。那么B项This makes a strong barrier to keep the air out.(这就形成了一个强大的屏障来阻止空气)满足制造真空的条件。故此题选B。

【5】

横线下一句It is also a good way to store food for six months to a year, or even several years, in case of an emergency.(这也是一个很好的方法，以储存粮食半年至一年，甚至数年，以防紧急情况)可知，横线前一句应该是在讲罐头事物的保存时间，那么G项Canning allows your family to enjoy foods that might not come fresh throughout the year.(罐头可以让你的家人享受可能一年都不新鲜的食物)就是在讲罐头食物的保质期。故此题选G.