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第四部分: 任务型阅读(满分10分)

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Back to School: Why Grit(毅力) Is More Important than Good Grades?
       The back-to-school season is upon us, and once again, parents across the country have loaded their kids’ backpacks up with snack packs and school supplies. It’s a good moment to reflect on what else we should be giving our kids as they head off to school.

American parents are feeling particularly anxious about that question this year. The educational process feels more than ever like a race, one that starts in pre-preschool and doesn’t end until your child is admitted to the perfect college. Most parents are more worried than they need to be about their children’s grades, test scores and IQ. And what we don’t think about enough is how to help our children build their character—how to help them develop skills like perseverance, grit, optimism, conscientiousness, and self-control, which together do more to determine success than S.A.T. scores or I.Q.

There is growing evidence that our anxiety about our children’s school performance may actually be holding them back from learning some of these valuable skills. If you’re concerned only with a child’s G.P.A., then you will likely choose to minimize the challenges the child faces in school. With real challenge comes the risk of real failure. And in a competitive academic environment, the idea of failure can be very scary, to students and parents alike.

But experiencing failure is a critical part of building character. Recent research by a team of psychologists found that adults who had experienced little or no failure growing up were actually less happy and confident than those who had experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood. “Overcoming those obstacles,” the researchers assumed, “could teach effective coping skills, help engage social support networks, create a sense of mastery over past adversity, and foster beliefs in the ability to cope successfully in the future.”

By contrast, when we protect our children from every possible failure—when we call their teachers to get an extension on a paper; when we urge them to choose only those subjects they’re good at—we are denying them those same character-building experiences. As the psychologists Madeline Levine and Dan Kindlon have written, that can lead to difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood, when overprotected young people finally confront real problems on their own and don’t know how to overcome them.

In the classroom and outside of it, American parents need to encourage children to take chances, to challenge themselves, to risk failure. In the meantime, giving our kids room to fail may be one of the best ways we can help them succeed.

       Back to School: Why Grit Is More Important than Good Grades?

Common phenomena

◆Parents throughout America(76)  ▲   their kids’ backpacks up with snacks and school supplies.

◆Many American parents don’t(77)  ▲  enough importance to their kids’ character building.

The writer’s(78)  ▲ 

◆Parents should pay more attention to their kids’ character building.

Evidence and (79) ▲    findings

◆Parents’ anxiety about their kids’ performance may(80) ▲        them from learning some valuable skills.

◆Parents concerned only with a kid’s G.P.A. have a (81)  ▲  to minimize the challenges the child faces.

◆Adults who have experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood are (82)  ▲  and more confident than those who haven’t.

◆Denying kids character-building experiences can(83)  ▲  in difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood.

The writer’s suggestions

◆(84)  ▲  kids to be risk-takers.

◆Give kids room to experience(85)  ▲  .

            

76. load 77.attach 78.view/opinion 79.research 80.discourage/prevent/hinder/stop/keep 81.tendency         82.happier   83.result    84.Encourage  85.failure(s)

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第二卷(非选择题部分,共35分)

第四部分:写作(共二节,满分35分)

第一节:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格填1个单词。

When Percy Spencer invented the microwave, it changed the world greatly. People would no longer have to wait endless hours while cooking their food in an old-fashioned oven. Instead, using the microwave has allowed them to cook food in just seconds.

According to the medical website mercola.com, just about “ninety percent of Americans have microwaves in their homes”. However, is this convenient invention as perfect as it seems?

There are many reports of microwaves changing the original qualities of the food, which can cause cancer as well as changes in the body.

“Electro-magnetic (电磁的) radiation harms food, and changes substances cooked in it to dangerous products,” Dr. Lita Lee – chemist, nutritionist, author and lecturer – wrote in her book, Health Effects of Microwave Radiation – Microwave Ovens (1991).

However, the microwave is not only for food; microwaves are used in medicine as well. For example, it warms heating pads and used to warm blood used in transfusions (输血).

Norma Levitt, a hip surgery patient in an Oklahoma hospital (1991), died after blood being heated for her transfusion was altered in the microwave. A lawsuit followed and because of this incident, blood is no longer heated in the microwave.

Regardless of what has happened, big companies still claim that microwaves are great machines that have caused trouble to “few people” and have had “few consequences”. However, people should decide if saving a few minutes is more important than preventing cancerous cells from entering the body.

Dr. Jonathan Wright, Medical Director of Tahoma Clinic in Renton, Washington, considers the microwave unhealthy and recommends some alternatives.

“Try eating a lot of your food, like vegetables, uncooked. Ideally, at least one-third of the food in your diet should be uncooked, since this is the form that will give you the maximum amount of nutrients. If you do want to cook some food or heat up leftovers, use your stove (火炉),” he said.

These alternative cooking styles may take a little time from your day, but can help you lead a healthier and more stable lifestyle. These methods will allow you to get the most nutrients from your food, as well.

Health is not valued till sickness comes. In today’s fast-paced modern world, we should have more consideration towards peoples’ health.

Title

Microwave: not necessarily safe

Brief (71)________

(72)________ of the microwave: Percy Spencer

Advantage of the microwave: saving (73)________

Percentage of Americans having microwaves: about 90%

Disadvantages of

the microwave

Fact: Electro-magnetic radiation is (74)_______ to food and can change substances to dangerous products.

Result: The microwave can (75)_______ the qualities of food, which may cause cancer.

Fact: The blood was (76)_______ in the microwave before being transfused.

Results: A blood transfusion caused the (77)_______ of a patient. A lawsuit was brought and the microwave has never been (78)________ in medicine ever since.

Dr. Wright’s opinion

To avoid harm from the microwave, people should eat more food without being (79)_______ and use stoves instead of the microwave if necessary.

Author’s attitude

We should (80)_______ more about health than convenience.

 

第二卷(非选择题部分,共35分)

第四部分:写作(共二节,满分35分)

第一节:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格填1个单词。

When Percy Spencer invented the microwave, it changed the world greatly. People would no longer have to wait endless hours while cooking their food in an old-fashioned oven. Instead, using the microwave has allowed them to cook food in just seconds.

According to the medical website mercola.com, just about “ninety percent of Americans have microwaves in their homes”. However, is this convenient invention as perfect as it seems?

There are many reports of microwaves changing the original qualities of the food, which can cause cancer as well as changes in the body.

“Electro-magnetic (电磁的) radiation harms food, and changes substances cooked in it to dangerous products,” Dr. Lita Lee – chemist, nutritionist, author and lecturer – wrote in her book, Health Effects of Microwave Radiation – Microwave Ovens (1991).

However, the microwave is not only for food; microwaves are used in medicine as well. For example, it warms heating pads and used to warm blood used in transfusions (输血).

Norma Levitt, a hip surgery patient in an Oklahoma hospital (1991), died after blood being heated for her transfusion was altered in the microwave. A lawsuit followed and because of this incident, blood is no longer heated in the microwave.

Regardless of what has happened, big companies still claim that microwaves are great machines that have caused trouble to “few people” and have had “few consequences”. However, people should decide if saving a few minutes is more important than preventing cancerous cells from entering the body.

Dr. Jonathan Wright, Medical Director of Tahoma Clinic in Renton, Washington, considers the microwave unhealthy and recommends some alternatives.

“Try eating a lot of your food, like vegetables, uncooked. Ideally, at least one-third of the food in your diet should be uncooked, since this is the form that will give you the maximum amount of nutrients. If you do want to cook some food or heat up leftovers, use your stove (火炉),” he said.

These alternative cooking styles may take a little time from your day, but can help you lead a healthier and more stable lifestyle. These methods will allow you to get the most nutrients from your food, as well.

Health is not valued till sickness comes. In today’s fast-paced modern world, we should have more consideration towards peoples’ health.

Title

Microwave: not necessarily safe

Brief (71)________

(72)________ of the microwave: Percy Spencer

Advantage of the microwave: saving (73)________

Percentage of Americans having microwaves: about 90%

Disadvantages of

the microwave

Fact: Electro-magnetic radiation is (74)_______ to food and can change substances to dangerous products.

Result: The microwave can (75)_______ the qualities of food, which may cause cancer.

Fact: The blood was (76)_______ in the microwave before being transfused.

Results: A blood transfusion caused the (77)_______ of a patient. A lawsuit was brought and the microwave has never been (78)________ in medicine ever since.

Dr. Wright’s opinion

To avoid harm from the microwave, people should eat more food without being (79)_______ and use stoves instead of the microwave if necessary.

Author’s attitude

We should (80)_______ more about health than convenience.

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