题目内容

All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of manners.

Many years ago, children who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quiet if grown-ups were talking. Today, well-mannered children have more freedom.

Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp(打嗝)” after you finish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. In some countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say “Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you. Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.

Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. People need ways to show that they want to be friends.

1.How did polite children behave?

A. By looking into adults’ eyes while talking

B. By keeping silent while adults were talking

C. By slipping into the house without being heard

D. By not opening their mouths until spoken to

2.Which custom should we follow in order to look well-mannered?

A. Saying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia

B. Inviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia

C. Talking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa

D. Accepting an eating invitation in Arabia

3.What can we infer from the text?

A. Hear much, speak little

B. Love me, love my dog

C. When in Rome do as the Romans do

D. Do what you ought to and come what can

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Being a good friend isn’t always easy,but taking the time to develop a lasting friendship is worth the effort.As the years pass,you will realize that each friendship you keep is priceless.1. To be a good friend and deepen a friendship,just follow these steps.

Keep your promises.

Don’t ever make a promise that you can’t keep.If you say you’ll hang out with a friend and an unexpected situation arises,explain the situation.Give your friend a gift and tell him or her you are sorry.Nobody is perfect,and it’s okay if you break a promise once in a blue moon.2.

Apologize when you’ve made a mistake.

3.Though your friend won’t be happy that you made a mistake,he or she will be very pleased that you admit it instead of just pretending that nothing is wrong.

4.

To be truly supportive,you will have to be able to watch out for your friend when he/she is having a difficult time.If you sense that your friend is getting into some trouble,help him or her away from the situation by not being afraid to speak up about it.

Give your friend some space when he or she needs it.

Part of being supportive means supporting the fact that your friend won’t always want to spend time with you.Learn to step back and give your friend space.5. Don’t be jealous (嫉妒的) if your friend has lots of other friends.

A.However,don’t make it a regular thing.

B.Help your friend deal with his or her struggles.

C.Learn to forgive your friend and move forward.

D.Of course,to have a good friend,you must be one.

E.If you want your friend to believe in you,you can’t act like you’re perfect.

F.Understand if your friend wants to be alone or to have a walk with other people.

G.Take the time to truly understand your friend when he or she is talking to you.

It’s rare that you see the words “shyness” and “letter” in the same sentence.After all,the common viewpoint is that those outgoing and sociable guys make great public speakers and excellent networkers and that those shy people are not.A survey conducted by USA Today referred to 65 percent of executives who believed shyness to be a barrier to leadership.Interestingly,the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy—they're just better at adapting themselves to situational demands.Bill Gates,Warren Buffet and Charles Schwab are just a few "innies".

Unlike their outgoing counterparts who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking,shy people take a cautious approach to chance.Rather than the flashy chit-chat that defines social gathering,shy people listen attentively to what others say and absorb it before they speak.They're not thinking about what to say while the other person is still talking,but rather listening so they can learn what to say.Along the same lines,shy people share a common love of learning.They are intrinsically(内在地) motivated and therefore seek content regardless of achieving an outside standard.

Being shy can also bring other benefits.Remember being in school and hearing the same kids contribute,until shy little Johnny,who almost never said a word,cut in?Then what happened? Everyone turned around to look with great respect at little Johnny actually talking.This is how shy people made good use of their power of presence: they "own" the moment by speaking calmly and purposefully,which translate to a positive image.

Shyness is often related to modesty.Not to say that limelight-seekers aren't modest,but shy people tend to have an accurate sense of their abilities and achievements.As a result,they are able to acknowledge mistakes,imperfections, knowledge gaps and limitations.

Since shy people have a lower sensitivity to outside rewards than outgoing ones,they're more comfortable working with little information and sticking to their inner desires.Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren't primarily apparent.Don't believe me?Maybe you'll believe Albert Einstein,who once said,"It's not that I'm so smart,it's that I stay with problems longer."Obviously,finding certainty where uncertainty is typically popular is a huge plus for any successful person.

The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.Make wise use of your personality strengths to lead your business no matter what side of the range you fall on.

1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that_______.

A. shy people are sensitive to rewards

B. shy people care more about content

C. outgoing people are more careful about chances

D. outgoing people consider what to learn while listening

2.The example of Johnny shows______.

A. shy people are likely to be modest

B. hardworking students speak little in public

C. some students keep silent on purpose at school

D. shy people may have an advantage in discussion

3.We can learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 that______.

A. shyness results in success

B. shyness contributes to popularity

C. outside reward leads to insistence

D. uncertainty counts more than certainty

4.The author supports his ideas mainly by______.

A. giving definitions and presenting research results

B. explaining problems and providing solutions

C. quoting authorities and making evaluations

D. making contrasts and gibing examples

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