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Frederick M. Hess is the director of education policy studies at the American Enterprise Institute, which is a nonprofit organization that conducts research on many public issues. He says that a long summer vacation doesn¡¯t make sense in today¡¯s world.

Can American students afford to take a summer vacation? In a summer vacation, millions of kids spend valuable time sending messages, watching TV, playing video games and doing shopping in the mall. They will also be putting their academic futures at risk.

Summer vacation once made sense in the past when you didn¡¯t need an education to get a good job. But now things have changed. For today¡¯s students, academic skills are important to students¡¯ future success, but such skills are affected in the summertime. Many nations don¡¯t give kids an American-style summer vacation. They offer no more than seven consecutive(Á¬ÐøµÄ) weeks of vacation. Most American school districts offer up to thirteen weeks. To compete in the global marketplace, Americans must be prepared to go up against international competitors.

Summer vacation also causes challenges for today¡¯s families. In the 1960s, more than 60% of families had a stay-at-home Mom. Now two-thirds of American children live in households where every adult works. For these families, summer vacation can be more burden than break. Someone must watch the kids.

But the biggest problem may be how summer vacation hurts academic achievement. Researchers have found that disadvantaged students lose significant ground in the summertime.

A longer school year does not have to be an invitation to hard boring work. Rather, it should allow time-pressed teachers to conduct richer and more imaginative lessons. Schools would have more time to devote to athletics, languages, music and the arts. Summer vacation can be a grand thing. But in the 21st century, it may also be outdated.

Title: Summer Vacation

Theme

A long summer vacation isn¡¯t 1. in today¡¯s world.

Basic

Information

2. length

13 weeks in most American schools

Students¡¯ 3.

¡¤Sending messages and watching TV

¡¤Playing video games

¡¤Doing shopping

Disadvantages

¡¤4. student¡¯s academic skills and putting academic futures at risk.

¡¤Being a 5. to families for they have to watch kids.

¡¤Hurting students¡¯ academic achievement and resulting in 76

significant ground.

Suggestion

A longer school year does not have to 6. to hard boring work. Richer and more imaginative lessons should be 7. , such as athletics, languages, music and the arts.

8.

Though being a ground thing, summer vacation might be out of

9. in the 21st century.

 

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems£®While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves£®University of Missouri£¨MU£© researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient£®

¡°To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density£¨Ãܶȣ©¡±£¬said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU£®¡°The radioisotope£¨·ÅÉäÐÔͬλËØ£© battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries£®¡±

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems £¨M/NEMS£©£®Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe£®

¡°People hear the word ¡®nuclear¡¯ and think of something very dangerous,¡± he said, ¡°However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems£®¡±

His new idea is not only in the battery¡¯s size, but also in its semiconductor£¨°ëµ¼Ì壩£®Kwon¡¯s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor£®

¡°The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure£¨¾§Ìå½á¹¹£© of the solid semiconductor,¡± Kwon said, ¡°By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem£®¡±

Together with J£®David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery£®In the future, they hope to increase the battery¡¯s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials£®Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair£®

1.Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________£®

A£®to show chemical batteries are widely applied£®

B£®to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used£®

C£®to describe a nuclear-powered system£®

D£®to introduce various energy sources£®

2.According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______£®

A£®uses a solid semiconductor

B£®will soon replace the present ones£®

C£®could be extremely thin

D£®has passed the final test£®

3.The text is most probably a ________£®

A£®science news report B£®book review

C£®newspaper ad D£®science fiction

 

Good news for middle and high school students£® When it comes to sleeping a little longer, physicians are on your side£®

On Monday, the American Academy Pediatrics£¨¶ù¿Æ£© announced its recommendation that middle and high schools start at 8:30 a£®m£®or later£® "Doing so will match school schedules to the biological sleep patterns of adolescents," the AAP writes in a press release regarding its new policy statement called ¡°School Start Times for Adolescents" £®

"Chronic£¨ÂýÐԵģ© sleep loss in adolescents is one of the most common public health issues in the U£®S£®today," according to Judith Owens, director of Sleep Medicine at Children's National Health System£®

"The research is clear that adolescents who get enough sleep have a reduced risk of being overweight or suffering depression, are less likely to be involved in automobile accidents, and have better grades, higher standardized test scores and an overall better quality of life," Owens said in the press release£® "Studies have shown that delaying early school start times is one key factor that can help adolescents get the sleep they need to grow and learn£®"

Even before the AAP's announcement, school districts across the country have been rethinking start times£® Earlier this year The New York Times wrote about Dos Santos, a student at Rock Bridge High School£® When Dos Santos learned that school officials were considering starting school 30 minutes earlier than the existing time, she became worried£®The student gathered others to her cause£® In the end, school officials decided against the earlier start time£®

One of the organizations that Dos Santos reached out to for help was Start School Later, a nonprofit organization that focuses on getting public schools to set "healthy school hours£®"

"It's going to take collective action, perhaps on a national scale, to get many districts to take on this issue," Terra Ziporyn Snider, PhD, director and co-founder of Start School Later, told Yahoo Health£®

"The science is clear, the will to change isn't," she explained£® "The reason for that is that community life goes around school schedules, and any suggestion of change - earlier, later, whatever - brings powerful opposition from everyone who fears a change in routine£®"

1.What can be learned about Start School Later?

A£® Dr£®Snider is director of this nonprofit organization£®

B£® It is a commercial organization belonging to Yahoo Health£®

C£® It helps private schools to set healthy schedules for students£®

D£® It made a policy called¡£¡®School Start Times for Adolescents"£®

2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as benefit from enough sleep?

A£® Students will enjoy a better life£®

B£® Students might feel less depressed£®

C£® Students may achieve higher grades£®

D£® Students are more likely to be on time for school£®

3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A£® Scientific findings are not convincing£®

B£® Changing school start time is no easy job£®

C£® Most people are willing to change schedules£®

D£® The revolution of school schedules is under way£®

 

BEIJING, August 19--Shanghai will launch a pilot textbook recycling scheme in secondary schools from this fall semester to reduce textbook paper consumption, the Shanghai Education Commission revealed yesterday.

The first batch of textbooks to be recycled or reused will be middle school music material. Books on other subjects such as art, physical education and even major subjects like Chinese, math and English, will be included gradually.

The schools taking part in the program will have to purchase new textbooks about every five years and distribute them for students¡¯ use during class sessions. But the books will have to be collected and kept on campus after class, rather than allowing students to take them back home, so that they could be passed on to the next batch of students.

Possessing one¡¯s own brand-new textbooks has been a routine for local elementary school students for decades. The practice, however, leads to huge paper consumption, officials said.

For instance, there are nearly 2 million elementary school students in the city, with an estimated 4,000 tons of paper needed each year. Had these books been reused for five years, more than 80,000 trees could have been saved.

In western countries, such as Australia and America began this practice years ago, which set a good example to other countries, esp. developing ones. (Edited from Shanghai Daily)

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