题目内容

To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study _________ in

Australia in 2012.

A. having conducted B. to be conducted

C. conducting D. conducted

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Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.

A. However B. Whoever

C. Whatever D. Wherever

—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.

—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.

A. I hope not B. I think so

C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori.

With her eyes shining,Tori brags, “You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago.”

Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedman.I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group.

An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.

If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?Theanswer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).

Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.

The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,thing about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story”might have.

1.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to __________.

A.introduce a topic

B.present an argument

C.describe the characters

D.clarify his writing purpose

2.An important negative effect of gossip is that it__________.

A.breaks up relationships

B.embarrasses the listener

C.spreads information around

D.causes unpleasant experiences

3.In the author’s opinion,many people like to gossip because it __________.

A.gives them a feeling of pleasure

B.helps them to make more friends

C.makes them better at telling stories

D.enables them to meet important people

4.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can __________.

A.provide students with written rules

B.help people watch their own behaviors

C.force schools to improve student handbooks

D.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors

5.What advice does the author give in the passage?

A.Never become a gossiper

B.Stay away from gossipers

C.Don’t let gossip turn into lies

D.Think twice before you gossip.

Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _________ since their highest in 2005.

A. had not fallen B. would not fall

C. did not fall D. would not have fallen

_________online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.

A. Since B. After

C. While D. Unless

阅读理解。

Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.

We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.

Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.

Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.

Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can — then let the unconscious take over.

When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.

One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.

An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.

Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.

1.People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .

A. delay tasks B. work hard

C. seek help D. accept failure

2.What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?

A. Writing essays in strict order.

B. Building up physical strength.

C. Leaving out the toughest ideas.

D. Dealing with the hardest task first.

3.On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?

A. Before starting a difficult task.

B. When all the solutions fail.

C. If the job is rather boring.

D. After finding a way out.

4.According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .

A. ignore mental problems B. get some nice sleep

C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution

5.What could be the best title for the passage?

A. Success Is Built upon Failure

B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue

C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success

D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems

When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.

A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen

C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see

Picture this scene, a 6-year-old girl is alone on a raft, with no lifejacket, 200 yards from the shore with the winds whipping up the water. She is pointing at her cousins, and yelling out, “They are drowning!” Your eyes scan left only to see a three-year-old above the surface of the water and you realize two hands are holding her up, the hands of 14-year-old Mallory, who is struggling below the surface of the water.

Three seventeen-year-olds from Salt Lake City, Tiana Skeen, Caitlin Caldwell and Jessica Osterloh, were on the lake for fun in the sun at Bear Lake when they heard the cry for help and saw this terrifying scene. The teens witnessed the three young girls in this very dangerous situation. The teens reacted quickly and swam out to save the girls while crying out toward jet skiers and people on the beach for help. Fourteen-year-old Mallory was struggling to hold her little cousin Rylee above water. The teens rescued Rylee just in time but couldn’t find Mallory. Meanwhile, 6-year-old Sydney was floating away on the raft with no lifejacket. The girls flagged down a jet ski to get her and bring her back to the beach.

The three teen heroines (女英雄) saved the 3-year-old and the 6-year-old, but they feel Mallory is the real heroine, as she held her 3-year-old cousin above the water until the teens were able to rescue Rylee. Mallory was finally found, but she died on the way to the hospital.

Now, the teen heroines strongly remind everyone to wear a life jacket when on the water.

1.What was Mallory doing, when the accident happened?

A. She was crying out for help on a raft.

B. She was trying her best to catch a raft.

C. She was trying to help her cousin survive.

D. She was struggling above the surface of the water.

2.It is implied in the passage that .

A. life jackets are not provided for free at Bear Lake

B. Mallory couldn’t have been killed with a life jacket

C. Rylee was saved because she was a good swimmer

D. children are not allowed to play on the lake alone

3.What’s the best title for this passage?

A. A dangerous experience B. Bear Lake

C. A life jacket D. Three teen heroines

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