The most important part of what children's minds have and many animals'don't is scientists call shared intentionally.which is the ability to infer what others know or are thinking．( )A．thatB．whichC 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

7．The most important part of what children's minds have and many animals'don't is ___ scientists call shared intentionally，which is the ability to infer what others know or are thinking．（　　）

A．

that

B．

which

C．

what

D．

the

分析动物没有而孩子们大脑中有的最重要的部分就是科学家称之为共同故意，这是一种能力，能推出其他人知道或正在想的事情．

解答答案：C
分析句式可知，___ scientists call shared intentionally是一个表语从句，在从句中call sth sth，即称…为…，故其后缺少宾语，即用what．

点评名词性从句考查的关键是连接词的选用和语序，因此，我们首先要搞清从句的性质，掌握各连接词的用法，在此基础上判断．此外，关注名词性从句用陈述语序．

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18．

"I have used all my prehistoric powers （66）to swim（swim），"Fu Yuanhui said in an interview after she qualified for the women's 100m backstroke final．When asked（67）whather hopes were for the final．she said："No expectation!I'm very satisfied now!"．
That's how she began to rock China's internet and social media．Add her exaggerated（68）facial（face） expressions and humour，and she quickly became an online celebrity．She eventually won a bronze medal in the 100m backstroke final，not gold．（69）Butthat hasn't reduced the affection from her fans．
Young Chinese social media（70）users（user） have been drawn to her straight-forward character，her sincerity and her attitude towards competition．
Joanna Zhan，a fan in Chongqing，said she liked Fu because she is"so cute，and she is as powerful（71）as a mudslide （泥石流）"．"Fu interpreted the Olympic spirit of challenging（72）herself（she） and enjoying the game，"she added．
One fan，Feng Zhu，told the BBC she liked Fu because she always said（73）exactly （exact）what was on her mind．
JingYingLi，a female entrepreneur in Sichuan province，said she heard about Fu from her friends．"Almost everyone（74）is talking（talk） about her，"she said．But it seems Fu is part of a generational change in attitude towards（75）competitions（compete）．

15．When a big boat，like a cruise ship，goes through the ocean，it often creates waves．This happens when the large engines on the back of the cruise ship cause the water on the ocean's surface move up and down violently．These waves move out from the boat in both directions．If you are captaining a smaller boat，you'd better steer clear of a ship's wake，so that your boat is not surfing on the waves，causing it to overturn．
A wave is a pattern of motion．When you look at a wave，it may appear as simply water moving across the surface of the ocean．In fact，this is false．The water is actually not moving in the same direction as the wave．While the wave itself-the pattern of motion-is moving across the surface of the ocean，the water is actually moving in a circular motion，which brings the water molecules back to their original position．The water merely gives the appearance of moving forward．
If this is confusing，think of the kind of wave you do at a baseball stadium．Viewed from a distance，the wave is clearly moving across the stadium．But the thing that makes up the wave-the people-are not moving across the stadium，they're just moving up and down in their seats．This is just like the water in an ocean wave．A lot of water is moving up and down，which gives water the appearance of moving along with the wave．
Surfers pay a lot of attention to waves．If you're not in an area where the waves are suitable for surfing，then you can't surf．Usually，surfers gather in areas known for big waves-waves that rise high off the ocean's surface．If the wave is bigger，then the surfer is often able to surf for longer distances and perform more tricks．The height of a wave is known as its amplitude．If you could make a wave freeze，then you could measure the wave's amplitude by running a tape measure from the ocean's surface to the very peak of the wave．
All waves can be measured using amplitude and wavelength．While the waves created by a boat have very small amplitude-sometimes as small as a few centimeters-the wavelength can be very short，as lots of waves are being generated．By contrast，a tsunami has very high amplitude，sometimes more than 100 feet，but a relatively long wavelength，as it's a high wave．
Waves generated in the same way can have great differences in amplitude and wavelength．For example，think back to the cruise ship．While each ship creates waves caused by the movement of the boat，the properties of each of the waves may be very different．For example，a larger cruise ship，with powerful engines，may create a wave that has high amplitude and a short wavelength．However，if the ship's engines slow down，they may then start creating less powerful waves at a slower rate．This would cause the waves'amplitude to decrease，but its wavelength to increase．

61．What does the phrase"steer clear of a cruise ship's wake"in the 1st paragraph mean？D
A．Keeping awake while steering a ship．
B．Getting a clear view of what is ahead．
C．Following the cruise ship very closely．
D．Keeping away from the cruise ship．
62．The author gives an example of wave people do in the stadium in order toC．
A．illustrate how excited people are in a basketball stadium
B．clear the confusion over measuring the wave's amplitude
C．explain why the water appears to move along the waves
D．demonstrate how to make waves in a basketball stadium
63．The last paragraph gives us the impression thatC．
A．the wave's amplitude may vary，but its wavelength remain the same
B．the amplitude of a wave depends on the direction the water moves forward
C．the more powerful the ships'engines are，the higher the waves they generate
D．measuring the amplitude and wavelength of waves is not quite easy
64．What is this passage mainly about？D
A．What makes the sea water move forwards．
B．How to steer a cruise ship in the rough sea．
C．Why people create waves in the stadium．
D．How waves are created and measured．

2．Did you hear what happened at yesterday's meeting？Can you believe it？If you find those sorts of quietly whispered questions about your so-workers irresistible，you're hardly alone．But why are we drawn to gossip？
A new study suggests it's because the rumors are all about us．"Gossip receivers tend to use positive and negative group information to improve，promote，and protect the self，"writes a research team led by Elena Martinescu of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands．In the journal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，the researchers describe two experiments testing the personal value gossip receivers get．
The first featured 178 university undergraduates who had all previously worked on at least one course assignment with a group of four or more students．Participants were asked to recall and write a short description of an incident in which a group members shared with them either positive or negative information about another group member's secret．They then reported their level of agreement with a series of statements．Some of these measured the self-improvement value of the gossip （"The information received made me think I can learn a lot from X"）； others measured its self-promotion value （"The information I received made me feel that I am doing well compared to X"）．Still others measured whether the gossip raised personal concerns （"The information I received made me feel that I must protect my image in the group"）．
In the second experiment，122 undergraduates were assigned the role of"sales agent"at a major company．They received gossip from a colleague that a third person either did very well or very badly at a performance evaluation，and were then asked about the emotions that information caused．They also responded to the above-mentioned set of statements presented to participants in the first experiment．
In each experiment，participants found both negative and positive gossip to be of personal value with different reasons．"Positive gossip has self-improvement value，"they write．"Competence-related positive gossip about others contains lessons about how to improve one's own competence．"On the other hand，negative gossip has self-promotion value，because it provides individuals with social comparison information that justifies self-promoting judgments which results in feelings of pride．"
In addition，the results"showed that negative gossip elicited self-protection concerns，"the researchers write．"Negative gossip makes people concerned that their reputations may be at risk，as they may personally become targets of negative gossip in the future，which generates fear．"Fear is hardly a pleasant sensation（感觉），but it can be a motivating one．As researchers put it："Gossip conveniently provides individuals with indirect social-comparison information about relevant others．"

58．Why are we drawn to gossip according to the researchers？A
A．We need evaluative information about others to evaluate ourselves．
B．We are interested in the news that arouses our personal concerns．
C．We tend to gain a sense of pride from judging others．
D．We are likely to learn lessons from others'mistakes．
59．According to the first experiment，which of the following shows self-promotion value？A
A．I've done better than Mary according to what Tom said about her．
B．I should behave myself in case of being gossiped about like Mary．
C．I have to learn from Mary according to what Tom said about her．
D．I have no comments on what Tom said about Mary．
60．What's the critical difference of the second experiment compared with the first one？D
A．The identities of the participants．
B．The number of the participants studied．
C．The time during which the experiment lasted．
D．The role-play technique used in the experiment．
61．What role does"negative gossip"play according to the researchers？C
A．A fear killer B．A motivator C．A protector D．A subject provider．

12．

Arriving in New York
There are three airports in New York．When you arrive at one of them，you can take a bus or a taxi to any place in New York．

Eating out
There are many kinds of food in New York．And you shouldn't eat at McDonald's every day．There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown，for example．

Hotels
There are lots of good hotels in New York．The best is the Plaza on the 5th Avenue（大街），but you don't have to spend a lot in the city，there are lots of smaller hotels．The YMCA near the Central Park is great for young people．

Public Transport（交通）
In New York，there's a good bus and subway（地铁）service．If you are planning to use the subway a lot，you should buy a subway ticket for the journey because it's cheaper．But you don't have to use the public transport，there are lots of places you can go to on foot，such as the Empire State Building，the 5th Avenue and the Central Park．The New Taxis are a part of the city experience，so you should take at least one taxi during your visit!

Places to see
Finally，there are a lot of places to see in New York-the Times Square，the Statue of Liberty，and so on．And you shouldn't go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city．

Shopping
Shopping in New York is fun．There are big shops on the 5th Avenue．They are seven days a week．But be careful when you look at the prices； you have to pay a special 8% tax（税）on everything you buy in New York．

21．How many kinds of public transport are mentioned in the passage？B
A．Two．B．Three．C．Four．D．Five．
22．How much do you have to pay if you buy a book of 5 in NewYork？C
A．﹩5 B．﹩5.04 C．﹩5.4 D．﹩9
23．According to the passage，what must you do in New York？B
A．Do shopping
B．Climb the Statue of Liberty
C．Eat Australian and Chinese food
D．Stay at the best hotel-the Plaza．

19．The technique can lead to new ways to produce medicines，the researchers from the universities of Istanbul and Hawaii hope．
As part of an effort to improve treatments for life-threatening illnesses，a team of scientists have created rabbits that glow（发光） in the dark．
Their efforts produced two rabbits out of a litter of eight that went from being a normal，fluffy white to glowing green in the dark．The rabbits were born at the University of Istanbul as part of a collaboration（合作） between scientists from universities in Turkey and Hawaii．
The rabbits glow to show that a genetic manipulation technique can work efficiently，though the specific color is more cosmetic than scientific．"The green is not important at all-it's just a marker to show the experiment can be done successfully，"said University of Hawaii associate professor Stefan Moisyadi．
To produce the glowing effect，researchers injected jellyfish DNA into a mother rabbit's embryos．Those altered embryos（胚胎）．Those altered embryos were then inserted back into the mother．Similar experiments have resulted in glowing cockroaches and cats．
Eventually，the researchers hope the technique can lead to new ways to produce medicines，Moisyadi said．"The final goal is to develop animals that act as barrier reactive to produce beneficial molecules in their milk that
can be cheaply extracted，especially in countries that can't afford big pharma plants that make drugs，that usually cost $1bn to build，and be able to produce their own protein-based medication in animals，"Moisyadi said．
The rabbits are expected to have the same life span as their non-glowing counterparts（副本），but Moisyadi said he understands people can object to this kind of experimentation involving live animals．
"To the people against，I say：think about，what are the benefits and what are the injuries？"Moisyadi said．"And if the benefits outweigh the injuries，let's go with the benefits．"
Moisyadi，a native of Turkey who is now with the University of Hawaii，started developing the project in 2006，and researchers are now waiting to see if pregnant sheep produce similar results．

21．Moisyadi's attitude towards this kind of experiment isC．
A．doubtful．
B．indifferent．
C．supportive．
D．objective．
22．How did glowing effect produce？D
A．It was just the result of genetic selection．
B．Put a light into a mother rabbit's embryos．
C．Injected glowing cats DNA into a mother rabbit's embryos．
D．Injected Jellyfish DNA into a mother rabbit's embryos．
23．The final goal of this research isD．
A．To make animals cuter．
B．To make nights brighter．
C．To produce all kinds of glowing animals．
D．To produce beneficial molecules in animals'milk．
24．What can we learn according to the passage？C
A．The life span of glowing rabbits is much shorter than that of non-glowing ones．
B．The glowing rabbits were born only at the University pf Hawaii．
C．Scientists have created glowing cockroaches and cats before．
D．Three rabbits out of eight can glow in the experiment．

16．His former teacher's letter can act as a for him in his application for the degree in physics from Oxford．（　　）

17．Last July，we asked what you dream of doing as an adult．Thanks for your great responses!We wish we had room to print them all．Here are just a few．
Work and play
My ideal job is being a construction worker，but only on an amusement park．
James Martian，Age 9  Alaska
Royal Fashion Designer
In the future，I want to sew dresses for a queen．I could make whatever design I wanted．Her breakfast dress would be blue and long．Her lunch dress is purple and medium．Her dinner dress is red and short．They would all have sparkles．I think they would be pretty．I like my dream job．
Jenna Suchyta，Age 6  Washington
A"Police Law Fireman"
When I grow up，I want to be a policeman or a fireman or a lawyer because they help people．Maybe I will combine all three and become a"Police Law Fireman"．I can work as a policeman in the morning．I can do law things in the afternoon．I can do fireman things in the evening．But for now，I want to be a boxer to build up my muscles．I will need my strength!
Avi Samuels，Age 7  Illinois
Playing in the Band
My dream job is to become a professional guitarist and singer for my future five-member rock band．I practice the guitar，and I have written hundreds of songs!The reason why I want to be a guitarist and singer is that I am very interested in music itself，so I want to create some of my own．
Jake Francis，Age 12  Ohio

21．What do you think is the best title for the passage？A
A．Your dream job．B．Your dream．C．Your future job．D．Your great chance．
22．Who has done something for his or her future？C
A．James Martian  B．Avi Samuels    C．Jake FrancisD．Jenna Suchyta
23．Where can you find this passage？B
A．In a fashion magazine．
B．In a children's magazine．
C．In an entertainment newspaper．
D．On a website．

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