ScienceDaily (May 28, 2010) --- Researchers at Oregon State University (OSU) have made important progress in work that should lead toward robots that can not only walk and run very well, but use little energy at the same time.

Studies are moving closer to designing robots that could do dangerous work, create prosthetic limbs(假肢)for humans that work much better than in the past, or even help some people who use wheelchairs to get “walking” abilities.

“Researchers have been working toward robot movement for a long time,” said Jonathan Hurst, a professor at OSU. “What we’ve done is to study what behavior is really possible for a robot.”

The movement of humans and other animals is difficult to copy. Using little energy, they can move easily over hard areas, and enjoy balance from muscles(肌肉). They have different ways to deal with forces, such as holding something hard in place rigidly(牢牢地), like the act of holding a cup of coffee level during a car ride. In their recent studies, the OSU researchers proved that these two abilities are mutually exclusive(相互排斥的). Humans deal with this problem by using pairs of muscles. For a robot, the more it’s able to do one of these tasks, the less able it is to do the other.

Presently, robots that can walk and run must be as rigid as possible while walking. But this way uses a lot of energy. The OSU researchers are working toward something that has similar or better performance, but uses far less energy, and is closer to the abilities of animals.

“So there’s no reason why we shouldn’t be able to build robots with good movement ability,” Hurst said. “Clearly this might be useful in highly dangerous situations. But I could also see great improvements possible with prosthetic limbs that work much better than present technology. ”

72. The robots being studied by researchers at OSU ______.

A. are successful now

B. use little energy

C. do better than before

D. can run faster than humans

73. Which of the following have researchers been studying all the time?

A. The robots’ movement

B. The robots’ weight

C. The robots’ sizes

D. The robots’ walking speed

74. The underlined words “two abilities” in Para.4 refer to ______.

A. walking and running

B. walking and holding

C. moving and using little energy

D. moving and balancing

75. According to Jonathan Hurst, we know that robots with good movement ability ______.

A. can be used in medical science

B. are only used in highly dangerous situations

C. will hardly be created in the future

D. will have a bad influence on man

On a number of drives throughout my childhood, my mother would suddenly pull over the car to examine a flower by the side of the road or rescue a beetle from tragedy while I, in my late teens and early twenties, sat impatiently in the car.

Though Mother’s Day follows Earth Day, for me, they have always been related to each other. My mom has been “green” since she became concerned about the environment. Part of this habit was born of thrift (节俭). Like her mother and her grandmother before her, mom saves glass jars, empty cheese containers and reuses her plastic bags.

Mom creates a kind of harmonious relationship with wildlife in her yard. She knows to pick the apples on her trees a little early to avoid the bears and that if she leaves the bird feeders(给食器) out at night, it is likely that they will be knocked down by a family of raccoons (浣熊). Spiders that make their way into the house and are caught in juice glasses will be set loose in the garden.

I try to teach my children that looking out for the environment starts with being aware of the environment. On busy streets, we look for dandelions (蒲公英) to fly in the wind; we say hello to neighborhood cats and pick up plastic cups and paper bags. This teaching comes easily, I realize, because I was taught so well by example. Mom didn’t need to lecture; she didn’t need to beat a drum to change the world. She simply slowed down enough to enjoy living in it and with that joy came mercy and an instinct for protection.

I am slowing down and it isn’t because of the weight of my nearly forty years on the planet, it is out of my concern for the planet itself. I’ve begun to save glass jars and reuse packing envelopes. I pause in my daily tasks to watch the squirrels race each other in the trees above my house.

Last summer, in the company of my son and daughter, I planted tomatoes in my yard. With the heat of August around me, I ate the first while sitting on my low wall with dirt on my hands. Warm from the sun, it burst on my tongue with a sweetness I immediately wanted to share with my mom.

1.. Why does the author say Earth Day is connected with Mother’s Day?

A. Because Mother’s Day falls shortly after Earth Day.

B. To stress that all the older women in her family are environmentalists.

C. To stress how much her mother cares about the environment.

D. Because her mother shows her how to be friendly to nature on Mother’s Day.

2.. Which of the following is NOT related to Mom’s “green life”?

A. Rescuing a beetle from a certain tragedy. 

B. Saving glass jars, empty cheese containers.

C. Setting a caught spider free in the garden 

D. Picking dandelions on busy streets.

3.. We can infer from the article that ______.

A. the author realizes that she should teach her children by example as well

B. the author’s mother knows how to get rid of the wildlife in her yard   

C. the author believes that only by learning to slow down can we enjoy life

D. the author’s mother used to lecture her to protect the environment.

4.. What can be learned from the last paragraph?

A. Tomatoes make the author think of her mother.

B. The author likes eating tomatoes planted by herself.

C. Planting tomatoes is a way of protecting environment.

D. The author really appreciates her mother’s teaching.

5.. The writer’s attitude towards her mom’s behavior changed in the order of ______.

A. understanding — critical — approving

B. approving — doubtful — negative

C. negative — understanding — approving

D. doubtful— critical— positive

 

A rich man was camping(露营) alone on a hill. One day it began to rain and the rain made the tent(帐篷)wet. At last he 16 make his way home. As he passed(经过)17 beautiful house he  wanted to look  18  rest. A lady walked past him with her 19 holding up(举起) high. Following her were her two beautiful daughters. They stopped and stared at(瞪着)him  20.

“Who are you? We don’t like tramps(流浪汉) going  21 our home .”one of them shouted.

“Go away at once. ”cried the other.

“But I’m not a  22 . ”said the man, “All I want is food and stay for the night.”

“How  23 you come here? Go away at once!”they  24 , “We don’t like your feet around our house. Go, go!”

The man moved on and reached a  25 house. On entering (进入) it he saw a  26 preparing supper. Though the light was  27 and the furniture(家具) was old , it made him feel warm and comfortable(舒服).

“Can I have some  28 and rest for the night? he asked.

“Of course,  29 , ”said the woman, giving a little chair for him. “We are going to  30 our supper. Come and  31 us.”

The food was not  32 but they shared(分享) it with the stranger(陌生人). That night they let him sleep on their bed 33 they themselves used the stable. Early the next morning, the man said good-bye to them. Their  34 left him a memory(记忆) full of thanks.

When he reached home he  35 ordered(命令) a lovely house to be built for the poor but kind family in the woods.

1..

A.had to

B.must

C.should

D.would

 

2.

A.an

B.a

C. the

D./

3..A.at             B after           C.for               D.in

4..

A.nose

B.head

C.eyes

D.hands

5..

A.curiously (好奇地)

B.eagerly (渴望地)

C.surprisingly

D.angrily

6.Afor              B.over              C.to                    D.at

7.

A.madam(夫人)

B.tramp(流浪汉)

C.thief(小偷)

D.stranger(陌生人)

 

8.

A.do

B.can

C.will

D.dare(敢)

 

9.

A.explained(解释)

B.continued(继续)

C.repeated(重复)

D.announce(宣布)

10..

A.big

B.small

C.lovely

D.dirty

 

11.

A.woman

B.man

C.person

D.boy

12..

A.weak(微弱)

B.bright

C.dark)

D.strong

13..

A.cloth

B.light

C.food

D.chair

14..A friend          B.tramp(流浪汉)   C. thief(小偷)       D.stranger(陌生人)

15..

A.prepare

B.cook

C.buy

D.have

16..A.join            B.help              C love             D.enjoy

17.A. sweet           B enough            C.short            D.delicious

18..A.and         B.while             C.then              D if

19..

A.coldness(冷漠)

B.sickness(疾病)

C.kindness(善良)

D.thank

20..

A.quickly

B.finally

C.happily

D.quietly(安静地)

 

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