题目内容

【题目】RobertOwenwasborninWalesin1771.Attheageoftenhewenttowork.Hisemployerhad alargeprivatelibrarysoOwenwasabletoeducatehimself.Hereada lotinhissparetimeandat nineteenhewasgiventhejobofsuperintendent ata Manchestercottonmill.Hewassosuccessful therethathepersuadedhisemployertobuy theNewLanarkmillinScotland.

WhenhearrivedatNewLanarkitwasadirtylittletownwithapopulationof2,000people. Nobodypaidanyattentiontotheworkers'housesortheirchildren'seducation.Theconditionsin thefactorieswereverybad.Therewasalotofcrimeandthemenspentmostoftheirwageson alcoholicdrinks.

Owenimprovedthehouses.Heencouragedpeopletobecleanandsavemoney.Heopened a shopandsoldtheworkerscheap,well-madegoodstohelpthem.Helimitedthesaleofalcoholic drinks.Aboveall,hefixedhismindonthechildren'seducation.In1816heopenedthefirstfree primaryschoolinBritain.

PeoplecamefromalloverthecountrytovisitOwen'sfactory.Theysawthattheworkerswere healthierandmoreefficientthaninothertowns.Theirchildrenwere betterfedandbettereducated. OwentriedthesameexperimentintheUnitedStates.Heboughtsomelandtherein1825,butthe[communitywastoofaraway.Hecouldnotkeepitundercontrolandlostmostofhismoney.

Owenneverstoppedfightingforhisidea.Aboveallhebelievedthatpeoplearenotborngood orbad.Hewasapracticalmananhisideaswerepractical."Ifyougivepeoplegoodworking conditions,"hethought,"theywillworkwelland,themostimportantthingofall,ifyougivethem thechancetolearn,theywillbebetterpeople."

【1】ForOwen,hisgreatestachievementinNewLanarkwas_____________.

A. improvingworker'shouses

B. helpingpeopletosavemoney

C. providingthechildrenwithagoodeducation

D. preventingmenfromgettingdrunk

【2】FromthepassagewemayinferthatOwenwasborn___________.

A. intoapoorfamily

B. intoarichfamily

C. intoanoblefamily

D. intoamiddleclassfamily

【3】Owen'sexperimentintheUnitedStatesfailedbecause_______.

A. helostallhismoney

B. itwastoofarawayforhimtoorganizeitproperly

C. peoplewhovisiteditwerenotimpressed

D. hedidnotbuyenoughland

【4】WemayinferformthepassagethatnochildreninBritaincouldenjoyfreeeducation until________.

A. 1771 B. 1825

C. 1816 D. 1860

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】本文叙述了1711年出生于威尔士的Robert Owen一生的经历。他十岁开始工作，因为老板有一个大的图书馆，使他有机会在业余时间读很多书。在他当上监工之后，他又成功的劝服老板买了位于苏格兰的新拉纳克工厂。在那里，他通过改善住房条件，提供孩子教育，鼓励人们攒钱等方式，使人们过上了好日子。后来他在美国也做了同样的实验，但没有成功。他从未停止过实践他的理想，他坚信人们又好的条件，他们会更好的工作，更重要的是如果你给他们机会学习，他们会成为更出色的人才。

【1】细节理解题“hefixedhismindonthechildren'seducation.In1816heopenedthefirstfree primaryschoolinBritain.”可知他将他的心思固定在儿童教育上。1816年在英国办了第一所免费小学。故选C。

【2】推理判断题。由“Attheageoftenhewenttowork.Hisemployerhad alargeprivatelibrarysoOwenwasabletoeducatehimself.”在他十岁的时候就去工作。他的雇主有大的私人图书馆，所以他可以自学。可知他十岁就去工作，并且是靠老板家的图书馆自学的，可见他家里很穷。故选A。

【3】细节理解题。由“Heboughtsomelandtherein1825,butthe[communitywastoofaraway.Hecouldnotkeepitundercontrolandlostmostofhismoney.”可知是因为那个地方离他太远了，他无法控制，导致他损失了很多钱而没有成功。故选B。

【4】细节理解题。由“In1816heopenedthefirstfree primaryschoolinBritain.”1816年在英国办了第一所免费小学。可知在1816年之前英国没有免费的小学。故选C。

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