题目内容

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Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier(障碍), communication is carried out through sign language in which motions stand for letter, works, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to made use of this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole works are very clear and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot.

Body language transmits (= sends) ideas or thoughts by certain action, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink(眨眼)can be a way of flirting(传情)or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod means approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.

Other forms of nonlinguistic(非语言的)language can be found in Braille(盲文), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs, guide, warn, and instruct people.

While oral speech is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.

1．Which of the following best summarizes this passage?

[　　]

A．When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.

B．Everybody uses only one form of communication.

C．Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.

D．Although other forms of communication exist, oral speech is the fastest.

2．Which of the following statements in true?

[　　]

A．There are mainly two forms of communication in existence today.

B．Oral speech is the most common form of communication.

C．The deaf and mute use and oral form of communication.

D．Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted only by body language.

3．Which form other than (= besides) oral speech would be most commonly used among blind people?

[　　]

A．Picture signs.
B．Body language.
C．Braille.
D．Signal flags

4．How many different forms of communication are mentioned here?

[　　]

A．Five
B．Seven
C．Nine
D．Eleven

5．Sign language is said to be very clear and exact and can be used internationally except for ________.

[　　]

A．spelling
B．ideas
C．whole works
D．expressions
答案：A;B;C;D;A
解析：

A;B;C;D;A


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Nelson Mandela

　　Nelson Mandela is one of the great political leaders of our time．His lifelong efforts to the fight against racial(种族)oppression(压迫)in his country won him the admiration(钦慕)of millions worldwide, as well as the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize．As the leader of South Africa’s anti-partheid(反种族隔离)movement, Mandela was a key player in helping to move his country toward multiracial government(多民族政府)and majority rule．

　　Mandela’s long, hard struggle is a victory of dignity(尊严)and hope．He’s a man of true courage．If determination and patience were considered talents, Mandela would win hands down in any sort of competition．

　　accomplishments(成就)& fame(名誉)

　　Nelson Mandela’s greatest accomplishments were his role in ending apartheid, and becoming South Africa’s first elected black president．He has been the recipient(收件人)of dozens upon dozens of awards, prizes and honors from countless associations and organizations, but perhaps none more prestigious(声望很高)than the Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with former South African President Frederik W．de Klerk, in 1993．

　　He has been awarded several other major peace prizes, such as the UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Peace Prize in 1991(also shared with F．W．de Klerk); the Africa Peace Award in 1995 and the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 2002．

　　Mr．Mandela also received dozens of honorary degrees(名誉学位)from universities the world over, including the Universities of Bristol, Cambridge, Glasgow, London, Nottingham, and Oxford, as well as an Honorary Doctorate from the Sorbonne University in Paris(all in July 1996), and Harvard Business School’s Statesman of the Year Award in 1995－to name but a few．He has also been presented(赠送)with the key to cities such as Rome, Rio de Janeiro, London, Dublin, and Sydney, Australia(where he became the first person ever to receive the Freedom of that city)．In July of 2002, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States highest civilian(公民)award．

　　Model

　　There’s something admirable about having been a leader fighting for a people’s freedom and equality in an unjust society．Mandela has become a worldwide symbol(楷模)of the struggle of the oppressed(被压迫者)over the oppressor．He has been celebrated in song by artists the world over, in many different languages．One entitled “Nelson Mandela”was recorded by British 2-Tone group The Special A．K．A(formerly The Specials); making the top 10 in the UK and a few other European nations in 1984．

　　Personal style

　　As a president, Mandela sported the typical garb(服饰)of high-ranking government officials： expensive, well-tailored(缝制精致的)suits．Now retired(退役)from public life, Mandela the elder statesman dresses in an ordinary way．

　　He attends many activities, often where he is the guest of honor, in bright, colorfully patterned(典型的)traditional African robes(长袍)or shirts all the better for getting down when the music begins．

(1)

Mandel was not only admired(钦慕)for his long fight against ________but also for ________．

(2)

How many peaceful prize has Mandela got?He has got________ in 1991, ________in 1995 and ________ in 2002．

(3)

Mandela is a man full of ________and his greatest success was to play a part in getting rid of ________ and to be elected ________．
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     Ever since he first started practicing, Berkeley, California, psychologist Allen D. Kanner,
PhD, has been asking his younger clients (顾客) what they wanted to do when they grew
up. The answer usedtobe" nurse" , " astronaut" orsomeotheroccupation that appealed to
them. Today the answer is more likely to be "make money". For Kanner, one explanation
for that change can be found in advertising.
     "Advertising is a multi-million dollar project that's having an enormous influence on
child development, " says Kanner, who is also a member at a clinical (临床的) psychology
training program called the Wright Institute. "Advertising is growing rapidly and entering
new areas of childhood, like our schools. "
     According to Kanner, the result is not only the spread of materialistic(物质第一的 )
values among children, but also something he calls " self-love wounding" of children."
Thanks to advertising, " he says, " children have become convinced that they're unfortunate
if they don't have an endless supply of new products. "
     Now Kanner and several colleagues are up-in-arms with the psychologists and others
who are using psychological knowledge to help marketers target children more effectively.
They're shocked when they are told the secret behind why 3 to 7-year-olds are attracted
to toys that transform themselves into something else and why 8 to 12-year-olds love to
collect things. Last fall, Kanner and a group of 59 other psychologists and psychiatrists
(精神病学家) sent a letter speaking against psychologists' employment by advertisers
to American Psychologcal Association( APA) .
     In response, at its June meeting, APA's Board of Directors acted on a recommendation
from the Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest and approved
the creation of a task force to study the issue. The task force will examine the research
on advertising's influence on children and their families. The group will look at the role
psychologists play in what some consider the exploitation (利用) of children and consider
how psychology can help reduce advertising's harmful effects and increase its positive
effects. The group will also explore implications(含意)for public policy.
1. Which of the following is a reason why children today tend to say they want to make
money when they grow up, according to Allen D. Kanner?______
A. Traditional occupations no longer hold so much
appeal to children today.
B. It's children's characteristic to collect things and to
want more constantly.
C. Advertising is a multi-million dollar project that
many children want as future job.
D. Advertisers' targeting of young consumers has made
them more materialistic.
2. Which of the following shows the negative effect advertising has had on children?______
A. Many children have hobbies like collecting stamps, coms or other things.
B. Many children are hard to satisfy and constantly want and ask for more.
C. Many children are so self-centered that they don't care about others.
D. Many children tend to wound others to please themselves.
3. Theunderlinedwords" up-in-arms " probablymean________.
A. angryB. interestedC. happyD. surprised
4. We can learn from the last paragraph that _________ .
A. American Psychological Association didn't take Allen D. Kanner and others' letter seriously
B. the task force will study how to use psychology to make advertising more beneficial
C. measures have been taken on the psychologists Allen D. Kanner spoken against
D. public policy has completely nothing to do with advertising
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Ever think you might have an adopted twin somewhere? It's fairly common childhood   fantasy.  But for
two little girls adopted from China two years ago, the fantasy turned out to be true。 Their new moms,
who live in minois and Florida,  met on an Internet site for parents who have adopted  in China. When
they  realized that their daughters, now 3, had come from the same orphanage,  they  began comparing
photos and other information. That led to genetic tests that confirmed their suspicion :The girls are twins.  
What's more, they were both named Mia by their new parents. " It's a miracle , " said  Holly Funk , one
of the moms.  " In the sea of humanity,the two kids found each other. " The girls had been abandoned on
a sidewalk in Yangzhou about a week apart. When they were reunited in Illinois two weeks ago, they
shyly eyed each other,then reached for the other's hand. About 120, 000 kids are adopted in the United
Stastes each year. Nearly 8 ,000 Chinese children were adopted by Americans in 2005 , according to
the US officials.
1. Which of the following can possibly be the title of the passage?___________    
A. Two American Moms    
B. Children Adopted by Americans    
C. Haven't I Seen You Before?    
D. Abandoned Chinese Twins
2. The moms did all the following EXCEPT__________.    
A. compared photos and other information    
B. did genetic tests    
C. met on the Internet    
D. got the twins reunited in Illinois
3. The underlined word  "That"  refers to_____________.    
A. childhood    
B. the moms' suspicion    
C. an Internet site    
D. the comparison of photos and other information
4. Which of the following statements in NOT TRUE?
   A. The twins will pay more visits to each other in the coming years.    
B. It's quite by chance that the two girls found each other.    
C. Nearly 7%  of all the kids adopted in the US are from China.    
D. The two girls were adopted two years ago.
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     Ever since Jerusha started her college, she began to write letters. Through a series of letters, from freshman to senior in college, she shared her life and study with an unknown gentleman, who never wrote back. Here is the very first letter.
Dear Mr. Kind,    
     Here I am! I traveled yesterday for four hours in a train. It's a funny experience. I never rode in one
before.    
     College is the biggest, most confusing place - I get lost whenever I leave my room. I will tell you more
later when I'm feeling less puzzled. Now I want to write a letter first just to get me familiar to you.    
     It seems strange to be writing letters to somebody you don't know. It seems strange for me to be
writing letters at all - I've never written more than three or four in my life, so please overlook it if they are
not a model kind.    
     Before leaving yesterday morning, Mrs. Lippett and I had a very serious talk. She told me how to
behave, especially towards the kind gentleman who is doing so much for me. I must take care to be very
respectful.    
      I have been thinking of you a great deal this summer; having somebody take an interest in me after all
these years makes me feel as though I had found a sort of family. It seems as though I belonged to
somebody now, and it's a very comfortable feeling. I must say, however, that when I think about you, my
imaqination has very little to work upon.     
     There are just three things that I know:    
     I .You are tall.    
     II .You are rich.     
     III. You hate girl.    
     I suppose I might call you Dear Mr. Girl-Hater. Only that's rather unpleasant to me. Or Dear Mr. Rich-Man, but that's unpleasant to you, as though money were the only important thing about you. Maybe you won't stay rich all your life; But at least you will stay tall all your life! So I decide to call you Dear
Daddy-long-legs. I hope you won't mind. It's just a private pet name - we won't tell Mrs. Lippett. The
ten o'clock bell is going to ring in two minutes. Our day is divided by bells. We eat and sleep and study by bells. There it goes! Lights out. Good night.     
     You can see how strictly I obey rules due to my training in the John Grier Home.
                                                                                                                   Yours most respectfully,
                                                                                                                          Jerusha Abbott
1. Which of the following is NOT the reason for Jerusha to write the letter to Mr.Kind?                          
A. To get her familiar to him.                                                                                  
B. To present her thankfulness to him.                                                                          
C. To share her brand-new college life with him.                                                                
D. To apologize to him for not writing letters too often.                                                        
2. If Mrs. Lippett learned that the writer calls the man she writes to Daddy-long-legs, she would
probably_____.      
A. burst into laughter                                                                                          
B. think it acceptable                                                                                          
C. criticize the writer                                                                                          
D. inform the man                                                                                                
3. By "when I think about you, my imagination has very little to work upon.", the writer intends to tell us
that_____.
A. the man she writes to is dull and boring                                                                      
B. she is not familiar with the one she writes to                                                                
C. it is not interesting at all to write to a stranger                                                          
D. she lacks imagination when it comes to writing a letter                                                      
4. Jerusha was probably _____while she worked on the letter.                                                
A. curious                                                                                                      
B. light-hearted                                                                                                
C. serious            
D. skeptical

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