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Last Monday, Professor Li from Fujian Medical University gave us a report on teenagers¡¯ accidental injury and self rescue. The report lasted two hours.

Professor Li said that the rate of accidental injury is increasing year by year. In China, about 200,000 children die of accidental injury each year. Accidental injury has become the leading cause of death for teenagers. However, most teenagers lack the basic knowledge of first aid. In fact a knowledge of first aid can really make a real difference.

At the end of the report, Professor Li called on us to realize the importance of gaining the first aid knowledge. He said that it was high time that we teenagers received education on first aid.

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¡¾ÁÁµã˵Ã÷¡¿·¶ÎÄÖÐÔËÓÃһЩ³£¼ûµÄ¶ÌÓïdie of ËÀÓÚ£»first aid¼±¾È£»make a real differenceÓÐÕæÕýµÄÓ°Ï죻At the end ofÔÚ¡£¡£½áÊø´¦£»Professor Li said that the rate of accidental injury is increasing year by year.Õâ¸ö¾ä×ÓÔËÓõ½thatÒýµ¼µÄ±öÓï´Ó¾ä£»He said that it was high time that we teenagers received education on first aidÕâ¸ö¾ä×ÓÔËÓõ½it is high time that ¾ÍÊÇ×öijʵÄʱºòÕâ¸ö¾äÐÍ£»

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¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿The scientists observed that the more junk food the rats ate, the more they wanted to eat ¨C a behavior very similar to that of rats addicted(ÉÏÁËñ«µÄ) to heroin, a dangerous drug. Johnson said the experiment shows that the brain chemistry of obesity(·ÊÅÖ) and drug addiction may be quite similar.

In their experiment, Johnson and his team studied the ¡°pleasure center¡± of rats¡¯ brains. The pleasure center is a complicated network of nerve cells. If the animal exercises or eats, the cells reward the animal by releasing chemicals into the body that make it feel good. And when the body feels good, the animal ¨C or person ¨C will want to do the behavior again.

For the experiment, Johnson fed foods like cheesecake to one group of rats. Food like this is high in calories and fat. Another group of rats got a regular diet. The rats that ate junk food started to eat more and more.

¡°They¡¯re taking in twice the amount of calories as the control rats,¡± says Paul Kenny, one of Johnson¡¯s colleagues.

Kenny and Johnson wanted to know what was going on in the brains of these rats. They first designed a way to deliver a small electrical charge to the rats¡¯ brains. This electrical charge would stimulate the pleasure centers to release pleasure-causing chemicals. The rats could control how much stimulation ¨C and how much pleasure ¨C they received by running on a wheel. The more the rat ran, the more pleasure it received.

The rats that had been eating junk food started running more and more. This behavior suggested that the junk-food-eating rats needed more brain stimulation to feel good compared with rats on a normal diet. In other words, their pleasure centers were becoming less sensitive and the junk food didn¡¯t make them feel good unless they ate more and more.

Experiments like this one could help scientists understand how chemicals in the brain contribute to obesity. With that information, they may be able to help people avoid obesity in the first place.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

¡¾1¡¿The scientists suggested it was actually ___________________ that made the rats feel good.

¡¾2¡¿How did the scientist know what was happening in the brains of the junk-food-eating rats?

¡¾3¡¿What was the purpose of the experiment mentioned in the article?

¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use ONE word that best fits each blank.

Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets ¡¾1¡¿ help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.

Any owner will tell you ¡¾2¡¿a comfortable life they live with a pet. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners ¨Cwhile they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (ËãÊõ) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it ¡¾3¡¿(well).Those tested with their animal friends had the smallest change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates.¡¾4¡¿pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems that people feel more¡¾5¡¿(relax) around pets, says Allen,¡¾6¡¿thinks it may be because pets don't judge.

A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only ¡¾7¡¿ (raise) your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year ¡¾8¡¿ (study) 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Researchers say dog owners didn't lose any more weight than those without dogs, ¡¾9¡¿ they got more exercise overall-mostly with their dogs - and found it worth doing.

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Millions of people all over the world use the word OK£®In fact, some people say the word is used more often than any other word in the world£®OK means all right or acceptable£®It expresses agreement or approval£®

¡¾1¡¿ Some people say it came from the Native American Indian tribe known as the Choctaw£¨ÇÇ¿ËÍÐÓ£®The Choctaw word ¡°okeh¡± means the same as the American word okay£®Experts say early explorers in the American West spoke the Choctaw language in the nineteenth century£®

But many people doubt this£®Language expert Allen Walker Read wrote about the word ¡°OK¡± in reports published in the 1960s£®He said the word began being used in the 1830s£® ¡¾2¡¿ Some foreign-born people wrote ¡° all correct¡± as ¡°o-l-l-k-o-r-r-e-c-t¡±, and used the letters OK£®Other people say a railroad worker named Obadiah Kelly invented the word long ago£®They said he put the first letters of his name---O and K---on each object people gave him to send on the train£®

¡¾3¡¿ The organization supported Martin Van Buren for president in 1840£®They called their group the OK club£®The letters were taken from the name of the town where Martin was born---Old Kinderhook, New York£®

Then there is the expression A-OK£®It is a space-age expression£®It was used in 1961 during the flight of astronaut Alan Shepard£®He was the first American to be launched into space£®His flight ended when his spacecraft landed in the ocean, as planned£®Shepard reported, ¡°Everything is A-OK.¡± ¡¾4¡¿ One story says it was first used during the early days of the telephone to tell an operator that a message had been received£®

There are also funny ways to say okay£® ¡¾5¡¿ These expressions were first used in the 1930s£®Today, a character on the American television series ¡°The Simpsons¡± says it another way£®He says okely-doke£®

A£®Some people say okey-dokey or okey-doke£®

B£®Still others say a political organization invented the word£®

C£®Therefore, it has become popular in that area from then on£®

D£®But many experts don¡¯t agree on what the expression means£®

E£®Still, language experts do not agree about where the word came from.

F£®It was a short way of writing a different spelling of the word ¡°all correct¡±.

G£®However, some experts say the expression did not begin with the space age£®

¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.

Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.

Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.

¡¾1¡¿We can infer from the text that humans and animals ______.

A. depend on one sense in choosing food

B. are not satisfied with their food

C. choose food in similar ways

D. eat entirely different food

¡¾2¡¿Certain animals change their choice of food when ______.

A. the season changes

B. the food color changes

C. they move to different places

D. they are attracted by different smells

¡¾3¡¿We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.

A. French and British food is good

B. food is chosen for a good reason

C. some people have few choices of food

D. some people care little about healthy diet

¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business £®But he was not a good artist £®So he invented a very simple camera £®He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden £®That was the first photo£®

The next important date in the history of photography (ÉãÓ°Êõ) was in 1837£®That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room £®He used a new kind of camera in a different way£® In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing£® This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype£®

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre¡¯s way£® Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world £®people took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains£®

In about 1840, photography was developed £®Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things £®That was not simple £®The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines£® But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard£®

Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer£® He took many pictures of great people £®The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike(èòèòÈçÉúµÄ)

Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century £®Some photos were not just copies of the real world £®They showed feelings, like other kinds of art£®

¡¾1¡¿The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ____________

A£® his business

B£® his house

C£® his garden

D£® his window

¡¾2¡¿The Daguerrotype was____________£®

A£® a Frenchman

B£® a photographer

C£® a kind of camera

D£® a kind of picture

¡¾3¡¿If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_________£®

A£® watch lots of films

B£® buy an expensive camera

C£® stop in most cities

D£® take many films and something else with him

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