根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。(如果所用的答题卡没有E、F、G选项,则选E涂A、B,选F涂A、C,选G涂A、D。)

Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information

Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1.

Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2.

Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).

5. Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.

Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

A. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.

B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.

D. And examine the findings of the original research.

E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

F. Make choices that are right for you.

G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive

from common sources.

From my earlier memory of Mother it somehow seemed quite natural to think of her as different, nor of everyday things as Father was. In those days he was a young-looking man. He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories. Mother was older than he was. She must have been a woman of nearly forty, but she seemed even older. She changed little for a long time, showing no indication of growing old at all until, towards the end of her life, she suddenly became an old lady.

I was always inquisitive about Mother’s age. She never had birthdays like other people, nor did anyone else in our family. No candles were ever lit or cakes made or presents given in our house. To my friends in the street who talked delightfully about their birthday parties, I would repeat my mother’s words that such celebrations were only foolish.

“Nothing but deception,” she would say. “As though life can be marked by birthdays. It’s deeds, not years, that matter.”

Although I often repeated her words and even prided myself on not having birthdays, I once could not help asking Mother when she was born.

“I was born. I’m alive as you can see, so what more do you want to know?” she replied, so sharply that I never asked her about her age again.

In so many other ways Mother was different. Whereas all the rest of the women I knew in the neighboring hoses took pride in their housewifely abilities, their new furniture, the neat appearance of their homes, Mother regarded all those things as of little importance. Our house always looked as if we had just moved in or were about to move out.

1. How did Father impress the author?

A. He liked writing stories. B. He loved making friends.

C. He was a very young man. D. He was popular with children.

2.Before the end of her life, Mother ___________.

A. looked quite young

B. looked like an old lady

C. looked younger than she was

D. looked like a forty-year-old woman

3.What does the word “inquisitive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Certain B. Curious. C. Cautious. D. Confident.

4.What do we learn about Mother?

A. She was lazy. B. She was strict.

C. She was proud. D. She was special

Ways to Keep Your Brain Young

Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline(下降) is common, and it is one of the most worrying consequences of aging.

1. Here are some ways that can help reduce your risk of age-related memory loss.

Get plenty of mental stimulation (激发).

Any mentally stimulating activity should help to build up your brain. 2. Experiment with things that require manual(手工的) skills as well as mental effort, such as drawing, painting and other crafts.

Get some physical exercise.

3. Animals that exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood to the parts of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also stimulates the brains to become more efficient and adaptive, which means having better performance.

Avoid tobacco and too much alcohol.

Avoid tobacco in all its forms and don’t abuse (滥用) alcohol. 4. And if you use alcohol responsibly, you may actually reduce your risk of dementia(痴呆). At least five studies have linked low amounts of alcohol with a reduced risk of dementia in older adults.

Other ways.

Improve your diet and eat the right food, as good nutrition(营养) can help your mind as well as your body. Stay slim and keep your blood pressure low. 5. Protect your head: moderate or severe head injuries strongly increase the risk of mental decline in old age. Build social networks. Strong social ties have been associated with lower blood pressure and longer life.

A. In fact, mental decline is not unavoidable.

B. Too much drinking is a major risk factor for dementia.

C. Experts are not ready to recommend aspirin(阿司匹林) for dementia.

D. Research shows that exercise may help your mind as well as your muscles.

E. High blood pressure increases the risk of mental decline in old age.

F. Low scores on mental tests don’t necessarily predict a risk of mental decline in old age.

G. Read, take courses, or try “mental gymnastics” such as word puzzles or mental maths problems.

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