题目内容

【题目】听下面一段材料，回答以下小题。

【1】How many days has the man got for his vacation?

A. 5 days. B. 10 days. C. 15 days.

【2】Why does the man go to Hawaii?

A. To broaden his vision. B. To relax himself. C. To visit friends.

【3】Where is the woman going this summer?

A. Egypt. B. Canada. C. The United States.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】A

【解析】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【1】此题为听力题，解析略。

【2】此题为听力题，解析略。

【3】此题为听力题，解析略。

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【题目】Two thirds of cancers are unavoidable even if you live a healthy life, a study has shown.

Scientists in the US found cancers are caused by random mistakes in the genetic code that occur when cells divide. The findings challenge the widespread view that cancer mutations are generally inherited or caused by environmental factors.

Lead scientist Dr. Cristian Tomasetti, from Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center in the US, said, “It is well-known that we must avoid environmental factors such as smoking to decrease our risk of getting cancer. But it is not as well-known that each time a normal cell divides and copies its DNA to produce two new cells, it makes various mistakes.”

The research, published in the journal Science, indicates that almost two-thirds of cancer-causing mutations are due to DNA copying errors. Overall, 66% of cancer mutations resulted from copying errors, 29% from lifestyle or environmental factors, and just 5% from inherited faulty genes. The discovery helps explains why cancer often strikes people who follow all the rules of healthy living and have no family history of the disease. Cancers caused by copying errors could occur no matter how perfect the environment is.

Professor Mel Greaves, director of the Centre for Evolution and Cancer at the Institute of Cancer Research in London, said, “Even if, as this study suggests, most individual cancer mutations are due to random chance, the researchers admit that the cancers they cause may still be preventable.”

“We have good evidence to show that cancer is caused by a complex mix of environmental exposures, inherited risk, and random chance. And while the genes we inherit from our parents are unchanged and many chance events are unavoidable, fortunately for us, exposures are major contributors to our risk of cancer and offer a route to risk reduction or prevention.”

【1】What mainly causes cancers in the original belief?

A. Cancers are caused by random mistakes in the genetic code.

B. Cancers are usually caused by inheritance or environmental factors.

C. Cancers are usually caused by poisonous food.

D. It is undiscovered how cancers occur.

【2】Which of the following is consistent with the passage?

A. Most people know that when a normal cell divides, it makes many errors.

B. As long as the environment is beneficial, people needn’t be concerned about cancers.

C. People with a healthy lifestyle won’t get cancers.

D. DNA copying errors are chiefly to blame for cancer mutations.

【3】From Greaves’s words, which of the following is acceptable?

A. The cancers caused by copying errors may be avoidable.

B. We need change the genes that we inherit form our parents.

C. Cancers are caused by some single factor.

D. We have to accept the fact that cancers will be incurable.

【4】Which section may the text belong to in a newspaper?

A. Environment. B. Humanities. C. Discovery D. Technology.

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people living in cities see riding a bicycle as good exercise. But, a recent medical 【1】 research warned that cyclists should think twice before cycling in the streets： it actually does more harm than good 【2】 their bodies.

Is cycling in cities really bad for your health? Probably yes. The main danger comes from the air around you. Breathing 【3】 in air pollution from taxis and buses can damage blood vessels（血管）.Scientists say the damage could outweigh the health benefits of cycling.

David Newby, a British 【4】 researcher at Edinburgh University broke the news. In his tests, 15 healthy men cycled 【5】 on exercise bikes in a room with levels of air pollution similar to those found 【6】 on a crowded city street. After an hour of cycling, the scientists found their blood vessels became less flexible and produced less of a protein（蛋白质）【7】 the heart needs. The damage leads to the early stages of heart disease. What's worse, the faster a cyclist pedals （蹬车），【8】 more air they breathe in. So those who believe 【9】 they are improving their fitness the most are storing up the biggest trouble for themselves 【10】.

【题目】By no means ________ when we try to create a global brand.

A.the cultural factor is to neglect

B.is the cultural factor to neglect

C.the cultural factor is to be neglected

D.is the cultural factor to be neglected

【题目】The loud continuous noise of the cars or the sound of a plane can force its way into the deepest forest, yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.

Bioacoustician Bernie Krause has been studying the effect of noise pollution on wildlife, and has come across some interesting behaviors, especially among animals that communicate by vocalization（发声）, like humans. Birds use sound to communicate, but in noisy places, these animals have to shout over the natural noise to be heard.

Krause mentions a study of nightingales to clarify what he means. The birds responded to traffic noise by singing louder and louder until they actually went beyond noise pollution standards in the city. To belt out (sing loudly) their songs, they increased their lung pressure fivefold, but scientists state that this is not dangerous for the birds themselves.

Studies show that sudden noise can cause certain birds to leave their nests, exposing the young to their enemies. One study also showed that songbirds that nested close to busy motorways were much less productive than those that nested farther away. Mammals（哺乳动物）too are affected. A recent study showed that nursing caribou responded to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.

In some cases noise pollution can actually help some animals while harming others. Toads（蟾蜍）and frogs are known to vocalize in synchrony（同步；同步方式）so that no predator (their enemies) can zero in on them. Krause found that when planes flew overhead and disturbed the toad’s song, they lost their synchronicity, and it took them 45 minutes to get it back again. That gave their natural enemies plenty of time to find and catch individual toads by sound.

According to Kruse, “Not only will noise pollution bother wildlife, but it won’t help our lives either.”

【1】How do young caribou suffer from aircraft noise?

A. They receive less food. B. They can’t sleep at night.

C. They are often displaced. D. They can’t hear their mothers.

【2】What would happen if toads and frogs failed to sing in union?

A. They might become defenseless.

B. They would stop communicating.

C. They would soon regain their rhythm.

D. They might ne unable to hunt in groups.

【3】What is the text mainly about?

A. The effects of noise pollution on wildlife.

B. The causes of noise pollution.

C. Animals’ reaction to noises.

D. The ways animals communicate with each other.

【题目】Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

【1】无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利。(right)

___________________

【2】在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献。(contribution)

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【3】越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的。

___________________

【4】在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的。它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果。(Not)

___________________

【题目】 While many Chinese watched movies at cinemas during the weeklong Spring Festival holiday, Zheng Wei explained the film The Spring Festival to an audience of visually impaired(受损伤的) people at cinema in Northern China's Tianjin.

"Fireworks light up the dark on New Year's Eve, and children are playing in an open place covered with white snow, said Zheng to the audience, describing the visual elements of the movie while holding a micro-phone and a seript.

As the founder of ”cinema for the blind “ in Tianjin,the55-year- -old has insisted on brightening the dark world of the visually impaired in his own way for 11 years.

Shao Yuxiang and her husband, who are both blind, are regular visitors of the cinema. She wore an elegant yellow sweater to attend the couple's significant "movie day".

Since October 2007, the free movies, which are described through audio, start at 9: 30 am on the third Saturday of each month. More than 150 movies have been screened to more than 20,000 visually impaired

"The theater is equipped with lights a sound system, projector, and a big screen to give the blind a people so far. complete and equal movie experience, "Zheng said.

In 2007, after having learned that a "cinema for the blind" established by Wang Weili had benefited many visually impaired people in Beijing, Zheng rushed to Wang's establishment for advice. Under Wang's guidance, Zheng built a new cinema in Tianjin and screened The Dream Factory by Chinese director Feng Xi-aogang. It attracted more than 50 visually impaired people from different districts and even suburban areas in Tianjin.

Zheng always treats movie selections with seriousness He usually chooses Mandarin language movies with positive themes that reflect modern society. Special movies for certain Chinese festivals are also part of Zheng’s selection criteria. "For example, The Founding of Republic is specially for National Day. Now, films for Spring Festival are on my agenda," Zheng said.

【1】How did Zheng Wei help the blind watch movies?

A.Zheng Wei helps the blind watch movies clearly by themselves.

B.Zheng Wei helps the blind watch movies with a special device.

C.Zheng Wei describes the visual elements of the movie to the blind.

D.Zheng Wei helps the blind cure their blindness in the cinema.

【2】What do the blind think of "cinema for the blind"?

A.No one wants to see movies in itB.It is welcomed by blind people

C.They still can't benefit from it.D.The ticket price is truly affordable.

【3】What kind of person do you think Zheng Wei is?

A.caring and creative.B.intelligent and modest.

C.warmhearted and brave.D.creative and outgoing.

【4】Which of the following may be the best title?

A.A man who helps the blind people in China

B.A special cinema will open up in China soon.

C.How do the visually impaired people watch movies?

D.The 'cinema for the blind' that will never close.

【题目】 The summer I turned 16, my father gave me a car, which permitted Hannah and me to drive around Tucson whenever we wanted to.

Hannah was my best friend. “Hannah’s amazing," my mother always said. And sure enough, that summer she signed with a modeling agency. She was already doing runway work.

One day, Hannah and I went to the movies. On the way home, we stopped at the McDonald's drive-through, putting the fries on the seat between us to share. "Let’s ride around a while," I said. It was a clear night, moonlight shone over the desert. Taking a turn too fast, I hit a patch of dirt and fishtailed.

French fries on the floor. An impossible amount of blood on Hannah’s face. They took us in separate ambulances. In the ER, my parents spoke quietly: Best plastic surgeon in the city. End of her modeling career.

We'd been wearing lap belts, but the car didn’t have shoulder harnesses. I’d cracked my cheekbone; Hannah's forehead had split wide open. What would I say to her?

When her mother, Sharon, came into my hospital room, I started to cry, bracing myself for her anger. She sat beside me and took my hand. “I almost ended my best friend when I was your age,” she said, “I totaled her car and mine.”

“I'm so sorry,”I said.

“You’re both alive,”she said, “The rest is window dressing.” I started to protest, and Sharon stopped me. “I forgive you. Hannah will too.”

Sharon’s forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to stay friends throughout life. I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I want to resent someone for a perceived wrong. And whenever I see Hannah, the scars are a symbol of grace for me.

【1】What caused the car accident?

A.Poor visibility.B.Driving too fast.C.Hitting a patch of dirt.D.Not staying focused.

【2】Which word can best describe Hannah’s mother?

A.Supportive.B.Generous.C.Optimistic.D.Helpful.

【3】What result did the accident cause to Hannah and the author?

A.It worsened their friendship.B.It made both of the two disabled.

C.It changed Hannah's working career.D.It ruined the author’s confidence in driving.

【4】Which is the best title for the text?

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【题目】Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are more important than all the others.

The first is called the " tank test". A modem airplane must fly very high in the sky. Air must be pumped into the plane so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure (结构)of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. When the plane is filled with air, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure (压力) on a small window is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to fail, the plane would explode in the sky. To test the structure of the plane, the plane is lowered into a huge tank or container of water. Then it is filled with air. Vne pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it is high up in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. This does not cause so much damage inside the water tank as it would anywhere else. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made stronger.

The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flights in the air. The test pilot must find out exactly what happens when the engines (发动机) are all shut off at once. The plane begins to fall like a stone. It is the pilot' s job to find out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers.

【1】By doing the "tank test", the engineers can find out _______.

A. the amount of air in the plane

B. the power of the airplane engines

C. the. pressure inside and outside the plane

D. the strength of the plane structure

【2】What will happen to the plane under the "tank test"?

A. It will be broken.

B. It will be made stronger.

C. It will be filled with water.

D. It will be tested by pilots,

【3】According to the text, why are test flights most dangerous?

A. The plane may explode in the air.

B. The pilot may lose control of the plane.

C. The engines may be damaged.

D. Too much air may get into the plane.

【4】What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A. How Airplanes Are Made and Tested

B. The Importance of Flying Safely

C. The Danger of Testing Airplanes

D. Two Important Tests on Airplanes

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