题目内容
12.Take a look at the following list of numbers:4,8,5,3,7,9,6.Read them loud.Now look away and spend 20seconds memorizing them in order before saying them out loud again.If you speak English,you have about a 50% chance of remembering those perfectly.If you are Chinese,though,you're almost certain to get it right every time.Why is that?Because we most easily memorize whatever we can say or read within a two-second period.And unlike English,the Chinese language allows them to fit all those seven numbers into two seconds.That example comes from Stanislas Dahaene's book The Number Sense.As Dahaene explains:Chinese number words are remarkably brief.Most of them can be spoken out in less than one-quarter of a second (for instance,4is"si"and 7"qi").Their English pronunciations are longer.The memory gap between English and Chinese apparently is entirely due to this difference in length.
It turns out that there is also a big difference in how number-naming systems in Western and Asian languages are constructed.In English,we say fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen and nineteen,so one might expect that we would also say oneteen,twoteen,threeteen,and fiveteen.But we don't.We use a different form:eleven,twelve,thirteen and fifteen.For numbers above 20,we put the"decade"first and the unit number second (twenty-one,twenty-two),while for the teens,we do it the other way around (fourteen,seventeen,eighteen).The number system in English is highly irregular.Not so in China,Japan,and Korea.They have a logical counting system.Eleven is ten-one.Twelve is ten-two.Twenty-four is two-tens-four and so on.
That difference means that Asian children learn to count much faster than American children.Four-year-old Chinese children can count,on average,to 40.American children at that age can count only to 15.By the age of five,in other words,American children are already a year behind their Asian friends in the most fundamental of math skills.
The regularity of their number system also means that Asian children can perform basic functions,such as addition,far more easily.Ask an English-speaking seven-year-old to add thirty-seven plus twenty-two in her head,and she has to change the words to numbers (37+22).Only then can she do the math:2plus 7is 9and 30and 20is 50,which makes 59.Ask an Asian child to add three-tens-seven and two-tens-two,and then the necessary equation(等式) is right there,in the sentence.No number translation is necessary:it's five-tens-nine.
When it comes to math,in other words,Asians have a built-in advantage.For years,students from China,South Korea,and Japan---outperformed their Western classmates at mathematics,and the typical assumption is that it has something to do with a kind of Asian talent for math.The differences between the number systems in the East and the West suggest something very different---that being good at math may also be rooted in a group's culture.
33.What does the passage mainly talk about?D
A.The Asian number-naming system helps grasp advanced math skills better.
B.Western culture fail to provide their children with adequate number knowledge.
C.Children in Western countries have to learn by heart the learning things.
D.Asian children's advantage in math may be sourced from their culture.
34.What makes a Chinese easier to remember a list of numbers than an American?B
A.Their understanding of numbers.
B.Their mother tongue.
C.Their math education.
D.Their different IQ.
35.Asian children can reach answers in basic math functions more quickly becauseC.
A.they pronounce the numbers in a shorter period
B.they practice math from an early age
C.they don't have to translate language into numbers first
D.American children can only count to 15at the age of four.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了亚洲儿童在数学方面的优势可能来源于他们的文化.
解答 33.D.细节理解题.根据最后一段The differences between the number systems in the East and the West suggest something very different---that being good at math may also be rooted in a group's culture可知这篇文章主要讲的是亚洲儿童在数学方面的优势可能来源于他们的文化;故选D.
34.B.细节理解题.根据第二段As Dahaene explains:Chinese number words are remarkably brief.Most of them can be spoken out in less than one-quarter of a second (for instance,4is"si"and 7"qi")可知他们的母语让一个中国人比更容易记住一个数字;故选B.
35.C.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段Ask an Asian child to add three-tens-seven and two-tens-two,and then the necessary equation(等式) is right there,in the sentence.No number translation is necessary:it's five-tens-nine可知亚洲儿童能更快地掌握基本数学函数的答案,因为他们不需要翻译成数;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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You see,showing gratitude is the key to every (45)Cthing in life.It is the key to successful relationships,it is the key to successful futures and it is the key to(46)Chealthier and happier lives.And this is where the importance of being grateful lies.(47)D,it makes life better.
One of my favorite(48)Ais"If you learn to appreciate more of what you already have,you will find yourself having more to appreciate."Think about that!
Something as (49)C as a"Thank you for being in my life"or"I(50)C having you here with me",can go a long way.It will make the other person feel good,and (51)Ait also will make you feel better!
So maybe your wife is not very (52)D around the house,but she's great at cooking your favorite(53)B.Or,maybe your child(54)C milk all over your new shirt right before you walked out the door for work,but usually he makes you laugh so much and makes you(55)B the luckiest parent in the world.
I strongly(56)Byou to make a promise to yourself for the next week.Decide to(57)D every morning and think of at least 5things that you are (58)Afor.Then say them out loud.You will notice a smile on your face without even (59)C.In 30days you will feel completely renewed.This is the (60)B of being grateful!
41.A.open | B.make | C.stand | D. take |
42.A.easily | B.correctly | C.truly | D.clearly |
43.A.lovely | B.alive | C.lively | D.living |
44.A.amount | B.number | C.kind | D. plenty |
45.A.terrible | B.negative | C.positive | D. confusing |
46.A.leading | B.taking | C.enjoying | D. looking |
47.A.therefore | B.besides | C.anyway | D. in a word |
48.A.mottos | B rules | C.habits | D. word |
49.A.pleasant | B.wonderful | C.short | D. moving |
50 A.want | B.look forward to | C.appreciate | D. would like |
51.A.for sure | B.in general | C.instead of | D. in addition |
52.A.lazy | B beautiful | C.careless | D. organized |
53 A.vegetables | B.dishes | C.beef | D. drinks |
54.A.painted | B.stopped | C.spilled | D. threw |
55.A.become of | B feel like | C.act as | D. look like |
56.A.persuade | B.advise | C.demand | D. suggest |
57.A.dress up | B.make up | C.get up | D. wake up |
58.A.grateful | B.concerned | C.anxious | D. upset |
59.A.pretending | B.looking | C.trying | D. smiling |
60.A.disadvantage | B.power | C.award | D. consequences |
-Well,it's quite________and I am quite________at it.( )
A. | amazing;amazing | B. | amazed;amazed | C. | amazing;amazed | D. | amazed;amazing |