Question

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
People born in winter are more likely to suffer mental health disorders, according to a recent study carried out by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee.
Researchers raised baby mice from birth to weaning (断奶) in either “summer” light cycles of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark or “winter” cycles of 8 hours of light and 16 hours of dark. A third group experienced 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark a day.
Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. The summer mice were similarly split. The mice raised in equal periods of light and dark were split into three groups, one of which stayed on the 12hour schedule, one of which joined the winter group, and one of which joined the summer group.
After 28 days, it turns out the summerborn mice behaved the same whether they stayed on the summer cycle or switched to winter. But among the winterborn mice, those stayed in winter kept their previous schedule, while those that switched to summer stayed active for an extra hour and a half, which indicates that mice born and weaned in a winter light cycle showed dramatic disruptions（破坏） in their biological clocks.
The finding is the first of its kind in mammals, and it could explain why people born in winter are at higher risk for mental health disorders.
“We know that the biological clock regulates(管理) mood in humans,” said study researcher McMahon. “If the mechanism (机制) similar to the one that we found in mice operates in humans, then it could not only have an effect on a number of behavioral disorders, but also have a more general effect on personality.”
（1）How many groups of mice are there finally in all in the experiment?
A.Four.
B.Five.
C.Six.
D.Seven.
（2）What's the main idea of the text?
A.The biological clock regulates mood in humans.
B.People born in winter are at higher risk for physical health disorders.
C.Being born in winter has a negative effect on people's mental health.
D.The length of light will influence the behavior of the mice.
（3）The underlined word “split”(Paragraph 3) can be replaced by ________.
A.divided
B.torn
C.hit
D.ended
（4）Who is probably the reader of the passage?
A.A jobhunter.
B.A student in the university.
C.A newlymarried couple.
D.An experienced dentist.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的研究结果：冬天出生的人更容易患心理疾病。

⑴考查细节理解。在第二段中提到了分成了三组，而在第三段中又将这三组分别分 成了两组、两组和三组，因此在实验中一共有七组老鼠。选D。

⑵考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就开门见山地点明了本文的主旨， 即冬天出生的人更有可能存在心理障碍，因此选 C。

⑶考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的”Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. “及画线词后面的“were split into three groups” 可推知，“split”与“divided”同义，意为“被分开”。故选A。

⑷考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文告诉我们出生时间对人的精神健康的影响， 再结合四个备选项可知，新婚夫妇应是最合适的读者。选C。