[2015山东实验中学三模] Alyssa Carson is 13 years old. And she 回^^回made the headlines in 2014 by announcing SJ^KhJtSj her determination to be the first person to.^Sfiff land on Mars. Wishful thinking? Well, NASA thinks she stands a chance.  And she is already in training,becoming the first person to attend three of NASA's world space camps.

  13-year-old Alyssa Carson is using a video simulation to land a robotic explorer on Mars. At the moment,it's the closest she or anybody else can get to the Red Planet. J But for as long as she can remember, Alyssa has dreamed of being the first person to actually land on Mars. "It was calling me. I could just sense that I needed to go there. Something told me it was my future destination," says the little girl.

  Although a mission to Mars might be decades away,Alyssa is already in training. She's completed several NASA space camps including one in Turkey. " At the space camp,you train,eat and sleep. You live the life of an astronaut. Also,we do the MMU,which is the man?ned maneuvering unit. It's kind of like a big jet pack. And also,you get to do a mission," she told the reporter.

  At the Baton Rouge International School,Alyssa is learning French and several other languages including Chi?nese. And of course,she is studying science and maths essential for her planned degrees in astrophysics and astrobiology.

  "I have never seen anyone as dedicated and passionate about their dream as this kid is about getting to Mars." says Alyssa's father,a single parent who has dedicated his life to fulfilling his daughter's ambition. "I've lived my life. I've,you know,had my fun all around the world. So now it's her time. And it's my job as her dad to support that and to be by her side and do whatever it is that she needs to support this dream."

11. Alyssa Carson became famous because         .

   A. she's been given the chance to land on Mars

   B. she's the first person to attend a space camp

   C. she's designed a robotic explorer to land on Mars

   D. she's determined to be the first person to Mars 

12.Which of the following words can best describe Alyssa Carson?

   A. Stubborn. B. Ambitious.

    C.Imaginative. D. Wishful.

13. What can we infer from the text?

   A. The training process of the programme is deman?ding.

   B. NASA encourages children to attend its pro?grammes.

   C. Alyssa Carson will soon be sent to land on Mars.

   D. The girl is being trained in Turkey at the mo?ment.

14. What do we know about Alyssa Carson's father?

   A. He is as passionate and dedicated to Mars as his daughter.,

   B. He's never heard of anyone dreaming about' get?ting to Mars.

   C. He's devoted his whole life to realizing his daughter's dream.

   D. He's willing to do anything to support his daughter's dream.

  Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.

  The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of hu?man activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explo?sions,ocean drillings,and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds.. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields,underwater earthquakes,and sounds made by animals themselves.

  Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water,a decibel level of one hundred and ninetyfive would have the same effect.

  Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.

  A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals.

The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to ex?change information and find their ways. Some of the whales even died. The explo?sions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.

  Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.

  Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However,many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

1. According to the passage,which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

   A. The sound of a car. B. The sound of voices.

   C. Manmade noise pollution. D. The sound of steps.

2. According to the passage,natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT     

   A. sounds made by animals themselves

   B. ocean drillings

   C. underwater earthquakes

   D. the breaking of ice fields

3. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?

   A. The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.

   B. Different places may have different types of noises.

   C. The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noises.

   D. Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.

4. According to the passage,what will scientists most probably do in the future?

   A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution,

   B. They will protect the creatures in the ocean from harmful noises.

   C. They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.

   D. They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.

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