Archimedes was a famous Greek mathematician and scientist. He was born around 287 B. C. and he died in 212 B. C.

Archimedes was most known for one specific idea that he came up with. “Archimedess Principle(定律)”states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves. For example, if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold of the same size in water, only the wood will float. Both the wood and gold move the same amount of water, but the wood weighs less than the water, while the gold weighs more.

It is believed the Archimedes discovered this principle when the king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem. The king wanted to know whether his crown(王冠)was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver. The king, of course, didnt want to melt his crown to find out. The idea came to Archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath. He noticed how the water spilled out of his tub. He decided to use the same idea for the crown. He knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver. The experiment was done and the goldsmith(金匠)was found guilty(有罪的)of trying to cheat the king.

1. A good title for this section is__________.

A. Archimedes                       B. Archimedes Principle

C. A Gold and Silver Crown              D. The King of Syracuse

2. The word “immersed” in the second paragraph means__________.

A. raised            B. lifted            C. underwater        D. rose

3. From this section we may conclude(推断)that the king's crown__________.

A. moved more water than pure gold of the same weight

B. moved less water than pure gold of the same weight

C. moved more water than pure gold of the same size

D. moved less water than pure gold of the same size

4. The following sentences tell what happened many years ago. Which is the right order of the events(事件)?

a. Archimedes took a bath.

b. Archimedes discovered his principle.

c. The king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem.

d. Archimedes did the experiment on the crown.

A. b c a d           B. c a b d           C. c a d b           D. b c d a

 

Archimedes was a famous Greek mathematician and scientist. He was born around 287 B. C. and he died in 212 B. C.

Archimedes was most known for one specific idea that he came up with. “Archimedess Principle(定律)”states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves. For example, if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold of the same size in water, only the wood will float. Both the wood and gold move the same amount of water, but the wood weighs less than the water, while the gold weighs more.

It is believed the Archimedes discovered this principle when the king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem. The king wanted to know whether his crown(王冠)was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver. The king, of course, didnt want to melt his crown to find out. The idea came to Archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath. He noticed how the water spilled out of his tub. He decided to use the same idea for the crown. He knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver. The experiment was done and the goldsmith(金匠)was found guilty(有罪的)of trying to cheat the king.

1. A good title for this section is__________.

A. Archimedes                       B. Archimedes Principle

C. A Gold and Silver Crown              D. The King of Syracuse

2. The word “immersed” in the second paragraph means__________.

A. raised            B. lifted            C. underwater        D. rose

3. From this section we may conclude(推断)that the king's crown__________.

A. moved more water than pure gold of the same weight

B. moved less water than pure gold of the same weight

C. moved more water than pure gold of the same size

D. moved less water than pure gold of the same size

4. The following sentences tell what happened many years ago. Which is the right order of the events(事件)?

a. Archimedes took a bath.

b. Archimedes discovered his principle.

c. The king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem.

d. Archimedes did the experiment on the crown.

A. b c a d           B. c a b d           C. c a d b           D. b c d a

 

Do your kids like plastic toys? Well, I guess it’s time for them to play with wooden toys.

I have always liked kids’ wooden toys since I was five. I always ran along on the back of a hobby horse pretending to be a cowboy from the West when I was a little boy. Now I’m a dad and I still like buying these timeless natural wooden toys. They will never be out of style. My daughter has a child’s rocking horse, and my two sons have wooden trains and cars. The great thing about this type of toys is that they will last generations if they are treated kindly. Even if they break, most of the time they can be repaired using spare parts bought from wooden-toy makers, and if the part is not too complicated(复杂的), you yourself can make the part from a piece of wood.

What if they do break and can’t be repaired? Well, at least they can be dealt with without having any bad effects on the environment. They can be turned into wood chippings and used for pathways in the country or play areas for kids. Even if the wooden toy is buried as rubbish, which is very rare these days, it will not harm the soil or the environment.

I like all types of wooden toys. There is such a wide variety of wooden toys today and the choice is getting bigger day by day. As an alternative(替代品) to plastic toys, wooden toys can’t be beaten. I’m sure in the near future wood will no doubt become the number one material for making toys, as plastic becomes more and more expensive because of rising oil prices and the environmental issues concerning plastic. Plastic toys might harm kids’ health, too.

67. According to the author, wooden toys which can’t be repaired will _______.

   A. be taken back by the makers            B. need a lot of money to deal with

   C. not harm the environment              D. be collected by collectors

68. From the last paragraph, we can learn that _______.

   A. plastic will be used up sooner or later

   B. plastic toys will not be allowed to be sold very soon

   C. wooden toys will become more popular in the future

   D. wooden toys will become more and more expensive

69. Which of the following is NOT the reason why plastic toys will be less popular in the future?

   A. That plastic has bad effects on the environment.

   B. That plastic toys might harm the health of children.

   C. That plastic toys offer children few choices.

   D. That oil prices are getting higher than before.

70. We can infer that this passage is written to _______.

   A. tell us the disadvantages of plastic toys   

   B. advise parents to buy wooden toys instead of plastic ones

   C. tell us how much the author and his children like wooden toys

   D. advise toy makers to make wooden toys rather than plastic ones

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