题目内容
Speaking of what sort of smartness is most desirable in human conduct, a friend of mine has this to say: Real smartness must be something that can be practised repeatedly and infinitely. Then, he goes on to relate this event: In one European country there resided some Lebanese. Upon learning that ambulance rides there are provided free to patients in emergency cases, they rented an apartment near a hospital. Each time they wanted to go home, they just pretended to be sick, calling for an ambulance. On arrival at the hospital, they said now that they felt much better and had no need of any treatment. The next moment saw them leaving, safe and sound, to their apartment.
Their “being-clever” affords them only short-lived pleasure and joy; it could not be practised repeatedly, still less infinitely. Such smartness is based on “too clever to be wise”. Once seen through, they will lose the benefits they profited by playing dirty tricks. They will suffer the impairment of their own image and reputation as well as that of those who are tied with them by blood or by common interests.
When a person has done something to the discredit of one’s own image and reputation, it will surely involve others related to him in one way or another. Among those inflicted most by what folly (愚蠢) he may have done are those who, to him, have been close in relations and dear in sentiment.
Additionally, whether one’s act is wise or unwise, rather the summit of wisdom, depends on the result of the act; if , then the more often he does it, the better will he be believed. While repeating that act, he is not only earning himself an admirable image but also contributing to the fine impression and reputation of his relatives, his friends, his hometown and his motherland.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (within 10 words)
2. Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrase to complete the sentence. (within 10 words)
3. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
People that have ruined their own images not only hurt themselves but will involve their relatives or friends.
4. How would the telephone operators react to a Lebanese voice calling for an ambulance from then on? (within 10 words)
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
1. The summit of smartness is honesty and credibility.
2. the result of the act is positive /good或if the act is wise
3. They will suffer the impairment of their own image and reputation as well as that of those who are tied with them by blood or by common interests.
4. They would be angry./They would hang off the receiver./They would consider they were telling lies.
5. 反复做那件事时不仅是为自己建立美好形象，还能为自己的朋友，家乡和祖国树立美好形象，赢得良好的信誉。
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；Someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors(祖先) of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
【小题1】Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
| A．Places where people lived. |
| B．People’s occupations. |
| C．Talents that people possessed. |
| D．People’s characters. |
| A．owned or drove a cart |
| B．made things with metals |
| C．built houses and furniture |
| D．made kitchen tools or contains |
| A．Donald Greenwood | B．Leonard Carter |
| C．George Longstreet | D．Beatrice Smith |
| A．later sponsors | B．later generations |
| C．friends and relatives | D．colleagues and partners |