题目内容

Jumping off random cliffs(悬崖) into the sea is not clever. However, as a sport, coasteering uses local experts to help groups travel around the coast so they can then jump safely and have a lot of fun in the process. But coasteering is also so much more than cliff jumping.

A usual day’s coasteering will involve swimming, climbing, scrambling(攀岩) and cliff jumping. All trips begin with a safety brief and equipment check. You will be equipped with a helmet, wetsuit and life vest. You will need to wear some old sneakers you don’t mind getting wet.

From here it could be a short swim to the first jump site. Following an instructor, you swim through rock pools, around rough rocks and right up to the next jump spot. A brief climb and you’ll be standing on the edge wondering, “Why the hell did I agree to this?” Then, and to the yell of your friends, you’re leaping in, with a smile that’s guaranteed to last the rest of the day.

Coasteering is certainly more than cliff jumping. If ever a sport could claim to be confidence building, this is it. And it’s also a perfect activity for groups of friends or for adventurous families who want to explore the coast. Many companies offer daily trips, so even if you are on your own or a couple you can join in with a large group. Companies use trained guides with much knowledge of local tides and weather conditions. These people lead the show and are qualified lifesavers as well.

Coasteering is already popular around the UK. At least now you won’t have to ask “What is coasteering?” if someone you know gives it a go.

1.What is coasteering?

A. A daily sightseeing trip.

B. A non-expert guided diving.

C. A cliff and water based sport.

D. A group activity of climbing.

2.What is the benefit of coasteering?

A. Building confidence.

B. Developing independence.

C. Improving guiding skills.

D. Enriching lifesaving experience.

3.What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?

A. You felt scared and regretful.

B. You became totally tired.

C. You discovered your potential.

D. You gained complete relief.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To introduce coasteering.

B. To organize coasteering.

C. To advertise spots for coasteering.

D. To train coasteering-lovers.

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As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information an the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”

According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

1.The passage begins with two questions to ________.

A. introduce the main topic B. show the author’s altitude

C. describe how to use the Interne D. explain how to store information

2.What can we learn about the first experiment?

A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.

B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.

C. The first group did not try to remember the formation.

D. The second group did not understand the information.

3.In transactive memory, people ________.

A. keep the information in mind

B. change the quantity of information

C. organize information like a computer

D. remember how to find the information

4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?

A. We are using memory differently.

B. We are becoming more intelligent.

C. We have poorer memories than before.

D. We need a better way to access information.

Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.

Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(缺乏). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs .

Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.

You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks(滴水) in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.

1.Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?

A. Using river water. B. Throwing batteries away.

C. Paving parking lots. D. Throwing rubbish into lakes.

2.What can be inferred from the text?

A. All water shortages are due to human behavior.

B. It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.

C. There is much we can do to reduce family size.

D. The average family in America makes proper use of water.

3.The last paragraph is intended to ________________.

A. show us how to fix leaks at home

B. tell us how to run a dishwasher

C. prove what drinking glass is best for us

D. suggest what we do to save water at home

4.The text is mainly about _________________.

A. how human activity affects our water supply

B. how much we depend on water to live

C. why droughts occur more in dry climates

D. why paving roads reduces our water

One should take ______ of his strengths to make up for his weaknesses.

A. advantage B. benefit

C. profit D. use

When I was a university student, I 1.(attract) by the Chinese. So I got a job as a teacher in Wuhan three years ago. 2.(think) back, I realize it was the students I met in the first year and Chinese university life in general 3. gave me the deepest impression.

During my school days, I would rarely give up my spare time to any activity 4.(connect) with study. Unless exams were approaching, my weekends were devoted to having fun or perhaps a part-time job. My Chinese students, 5. the other hand, seemed to spend their entire waking hours studying. I understand that competition in Chinese universities is extremely fierce. Nonetheless, their energy and motivation put 6.(I) to shame.

My first year in China was also my first year as a teacher. It was both challenging 7. rewarding. One thing I know for certain is that my year in Wuhan changed me for the 8.(good). Thanks to the politeness and 9.(warm) of Chinese students, I overcame my fear of speaking in public and became more self-confident. Most 10.(important), I met dozens of nice people and made many excellent friends.

A proverb says, "Time is money". But in my opinion, time is even 1. precious than money. Why？ 2. when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 3.（go） , it will never return. 4. is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make 5.use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6. future. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7. do not realize the value of time. They waste their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In 8.word, we should form the good habit of 9. (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today 10. tomorrow.

Liu Fang is a famous pipa soloist,1.whose music is strongly influenced by traditional singing.2.(graduate) from Shanghai Conservatory of Music, 3. she studied the pipa and the guzheng, she went back to work in her hometown Kunming. She then moved to Canada in 1996 and4. (live) there since then. For her, the biggest challenge of playing the pipa is to respect the traditions but5. (add) her own style. In her opinion, classical Chinese music and traditional Chinese painting are quite 6.(like). The former has  7.(silent) that is full of music8. the latter features empty spaces which give life to the whole painting. As a soloist, she enjoys performing live, for she likes the atmosphere of a concert. Not having a concert for a long time may put her in a state of 9. (depress). She also enjoys the time immediately after the concert to share the feelings and ideas with the audiences,10. (listen) to their opinions about the music.

What is waste and why does it matter?

Waste or rubbish is something that people throw away because they no longer need it or want it. Almost everything we do creates waste and as a society we are currently producing more waste than ever before. We do this at home and at work. The fact that we produce waste, and get rid of it, matters for the following reasons.

When something is thrown away we lose the natural resources, the energy and the time which have been used to make the product. The vast majority of resources that we use in manufacturing products and providing services cannot be replaced. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitely— we would run out.

When something is thrown away, we are putting pressure on the environment's ability to cope— in terms of the additional environmental impacts associated with extracting the new resources, manufacturing and distributing the goods, and in terms of the environmental impacts associated with getting rid of our rubbish.

When something is thrown away, we are not able to see it as a resource. It is well understood that what is waste to one person may not be viewed as waste by another. A good example of this is scrap metal（金属废料）which has been recycled for many years. Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than just throw it away.

The process of using up the earth's natural resources to make products which we then throw away, sometimes a very short time later, is not "sustainable" — in other words, it cannot continue indefinitely.

The way we consume materials will affect whether we have a sustainable society that leaves resources available for future generations to use. As consumers and producers, we are central to the concept of sustainability. We need to think about how we can get more out of less, how we can use less and throw away less and how we can do better things with our so-called "waste" than throw it away. We need to see "waste" as a "resource".

Title

The problem with waste

1.

Waste or rubbish is what people throw away when they do not need it or want it any longer.

Important 2.on society

The natural resources, the energy and the time used to make the product become 3.when something is thrown away. The vast majority of resources can’t be replaced and they would be 4.up.

The environment's ability to extract the new resources, manufacture and distribute the goods and get rid of rubbish is 5. pressure.

People 6. to see it as a resource. Increasingly, people are realizing that it makes both economic sense and environmental sense to use "waste" 7.of just throwing it away.

Result

We’ll leave fewer resources 8. for future generations to use.

9.

People should have the 10. of sustainability, thinking about getting more out of less, using less, throwing less and doing better things with it.

People should see "waste" as a "resource".

People have problems

People have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping. 1. A leaked Yahoo database showed that the most popular passwords were still “123456” and “password”.2.

These people are trying to make life easy for themselves. 3. Hackers(黑客) have gotten very good at what they do, with more capable tools than ever, and those tools can work so well because we are still really bad at choosing and remembering passwords.

Researchers from the UK’s Lancaster University, as well as the Peking and Fujian Normal universities in China, tested passwords. 4. They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of ordinary users, accounts. Hackers could even guess a third of the harder passwords in 100 tries, reported the Daily Mail.

According to researchers from Bloomberg Businessweek, using upper and lower cases(大小写) in your password is a good way to make is safer. Adding numbers and/or symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and/or symbols; this would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break, Also, never use personal information as a password. 5. Experts suggest that a user should change his or her password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing.

A. Passwords were short.

B. Use different passwords for different accounts.

C. A password must be difficult to be guessed by others.

D. Many people used simple combinations of their name, age or birthday.

E. They tried to guess passwords based on people’s personal information.

F. But they are also making it easy for hackers to break into their accounts.

G. So it’s easy to understand why many of us would pick something simple and easy for our passwords.

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