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The doctor tried to laugh my brother _____ his fears about the coming operation.

A. from B. against C. off D. Into

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根据短文内容，选出最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

American black bears appear in a variety of colors despite their name. In the eastern part of their range, most of these bears have shiny black fur, but in the west they grow brown, red, or even yellow coats. 1. Even in the same litter (一窝幼崽）, both brown and black furred bears may be born.

Black bears are the smallest of all American bears, ranging in length from five to six feet, weighing from three hundred to five hundred pounds. 2.

3. However, if attacked, most can climb trees and cover ground at great speeds. When angry or frightened, they are formidable enemies.

Black bears feed on leaves, herbs, fruit, berries, insects, fish, and even larger animals. 4. Unlike squirrels, woodchucks, and many other woodland animals, bears do not actually hibernate. Although the bear does not eat during the winter months, sustaining itself from body fat, its temperature remains almost normal, and it breathes regularly four or five times per minute.

5. They prefer to live in caves. Baby black bears are born in January or February after a gestation(怀孕) period of six to nine months, and they stay with their mother until they are fully grown or about one and a half years old. Black bears can live as long as thirty years in the wild, and even longer in some nature reserves.

A. To the north, the black bear is actually gray or white in color.

B. Black bears mate all year round

C. One of the most interesting characteristics of bears, including the black bear, is their winter sleep.

D. Like all bears, the black bear is timid, clumsy, and rarely dangerous.

E. Bears often eat a lot of food before they hibernate in their caves.

F. Most black bears live alone, except during mating season.

G. Their eyes and ears are small and their eyesight and hearing are not as good as their sense of smell.

When you're surfing the Internet on your laptop from your dorm or home, do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly? And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers?

According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal, all it takes is a tiny file in a computer－a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters－to record the computer user's age, gender, location, favorite movies and hobbies.

The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc., a New York company, uses an advanced software called “beacon” to capture what people are typing on a website.

Lotame packages that data into profiles (个人资料) about individuals, only without their names, and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers. Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars.

The Wall Street Journal survey discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastest?growing businesses on the World Wide Web.

The “cookie”－a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site, or to track you across many sites is already old news. There are new and more complex tools such as “beacon” which scan in real time what people are doing on a webpage. These beacons instantly assess the Internet user's location, income, shopping interests and even medical conditions.

Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented (空前的) threats. Private, sensitive, personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.

Companies insist the information they gather is anonymous(匿名的) and the data is used harmlessly. But the technology has grown so powerful that even some of the biggest websites in the US don't know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors' computers. These include MSN.com and Yahoo.com.

Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something you've been planning to buy, don't be amazed that your computer can read your mind.

1.The purpose of the passage is to ______.

A. introduce a tiny file in a computer－a single code

B. show how your individual information was let out when you surf the Internet

C. show how to protect your privacy

D. introduce a sophisticated software called “beacon”

2.All of the following statements are not true EXCEPT ______.

A. Lotame sells the profiles about individuals to companies seeking customers with their age, gender, location, hobbies and names

B. spying on Internet users is the fastest?growing business on the World Wide Web

C. some of the biggest websites in the US know they were installing intrusive files on visitors' computers

D. a tiny file in a computer－a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters can record the user's information

3.What’s the writer’s attitude to the issue?

A. neutral B. optimistic C. worried D. indifferent

There are many wonderful theme parks in America, _____ Disneyland in California is my favorite.

A．for which B．with which

C．of which D．in which

All the materials have been posted to you. I’m looking forward to the chance to meet you __________ to discuss the present situation of our company.

A．in peaceB．in return

C．in troubleD．in person

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to communicate effectively

Effective communication is a must for everyone who hopes to be successful. It helps express your thoughts and improves your career prospects (前景) as well as strengthens relationships. Therefore, it’s necessary to work hard to improve your communication skills.

1.________

Before you are ready to talk to a group of people, you should think about what you are going to talk about. Although a printed copy of a speech may not be always necessary, highlighting a few important issues in your mind is a must. 2.________ And it reduces the possibilities of getting away from the main issues.

Choose your words

Choice of words is the most important part of any communication. Simple, clear words are appropriate for the issue you are discussing. Needless to say, words that could make your audience unpleasant are best kept out of the communication. Most people tend to be careful about their language while at work. 3.________ This may hurt your loved ones beyond your imagination.

Body language

Many people use body language by mistake and end up making a fool of themselves. Body language means keeping eye contact and using hand gestures only wherever required. 4.________ This will make your talk more of a stage performance and defeat its purpose.

Listen and concentrate

Communication is an exchange of ideas. Once you are done with your part, listen carefully to what other people plan to say. 5.________ Get rid of all distractions (分散注意力的事物) such as a phone before you begin communication. A distraction not only disturbs your focus, but it also causes your audience’s attention to wander.

A. Gather your thoughts

B. Prepare a copy of a speech

C. However, when they get home they often use colorful language.

D. This will help you remain focused throughout your communication.

E. If you are giving a speech, it is important that you focus on that activity only.

F. Effective communication is a gradual process and requires efforts on your part.

G. Remember, there is no need to speak every word with a gesture or facial expression.

It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.

Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.

Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.” The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.

Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”, In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.

1.The author mentions Dr.Johnson’s comment to show that________.

A. most commentators agree with Dr.Johnson

B. Dr.Johnson is famous for his weather observation

C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago

D. English conversations usually start with the weather

2.What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?

A. An emotional state

B. An unknown phenomenon.

C. A historical concept.

D. A social trend.

3.According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that________.

A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather

B. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty

C. the English weather attracts people to the British Isles

D. there is nothing special about the English weather

4.What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To convince people that the English weather is changeable.

B. To analyze misconceptions about the English weather.

C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.

D. To explain what English weather-speak is about.

It is wise to have some money ________ for old age.

A. put aside B. kept up C. given away D. laid up

Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”

For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried to hit Mumbet’s sister with a spade(铁锹). Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Angry, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet turned to a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom.

While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts laws. If the laws said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new law.

Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She refused and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her spirit lived on in her many generations. One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.

Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own area she had no superior or equal.”

1.What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?

A. She was born into a rich family.

B. She was a slaveholder.

C. She was born a slave.

D. She had a famous sister.

2.What did Mumbet do after the trial?

A. She founded the NAACP.

B. She went to live with her grandchildren.

C. She continued to serve the Ashleys.

D. She chose to work for a lawyer.

3.What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new constitution?

A. How to be a good servant.

B. How to apply for a job.

C. She should always obey her owners’ orders.

D. She should be as free and equal as whites.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. A trial that shocked the whole world.

B. The life of a brave African American woman.

C. A story of a famous writer and spokesperson.

D. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.

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