CANYOUMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKES?Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a secondthought．Actually.the ancient Greeks wrote this way．The lack o 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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CANYOUMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKES?

Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a secondthought．Actually，the ancient Greeks wrote this way．The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers，though．As they read，they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time，sentences switched directions．A sentence read from leftto right．The next one read right to left，and then left to right again，etc．The ancient Romans sometimes punctuatedlike this：They put somethingthat can separate words in a sentence．The wordpunctuationactually comes from this idea andthe Latin word“punctum”which means a lot.

When the 5th century arrived，there were just twopunctuation marks：spaces and points．The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading．Then in the 13th century，a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation．He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence．He used a slash(／)toindicate a short pause．Over time．that slash was shortened and curled，and it became the modern comma(逗号)．

Since that time，other marks have enlarged the punctuation family．The exclamation mark(感叹号)comes from the Latin word“io”．It means “exclamation of joy”.The question mark originally started out as the Latin word“questio”，meaning“question”．Eventually，scholars put it attheend of a sentence to show a question．

Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays．New marks are coming into existence，and old punctuation marks are used in new ways．Take for example the“interrobang”．This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both．For example．“She did what?!”or“How much did you pay for that dress?!”Obviously,the interrobang is not widelyused or recognized yet，but its invention shows that English is not yet finishedwith its punctuation．

1.From the first paragraph，we can know that__________.

A．good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks

B．a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece

C．ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks

D．the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times

2.We can learn from the passage that___________．

A．ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks

B．exclamation and question marks came from Latin

C．spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century

D．Aldus Manutiusfast started to use commas

3.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A．The combinationoftwo marks will not work.

B．It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks．

C．Old punctuation marks need to be standardized．

D．Punctuation marks are still changing today．

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假设你是高三（1）班的学生李华。你的英国朋友Chris八月份来北京度假，来信向你咨询如何更好地体验中国文化。请你根据以下提示回信。

1、参观景点，比如长城、颐和园等；

2、欣赏传统艺术：如京剧、中国剪纸等；

3、品尝美食，比如饺子、北京烤鸭等。

注意： 1、词数不少于50；

2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Chris,

_____________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

At the beginning of a speech, it is very important to grab the audience’s attention and make them interested in ______ you have to say.

A. which B. what C. that D. who

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。注意{ E选项填涂AB, F选项填涂AC,G选项填涂AD}。

Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways 1. . Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.

You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. 2. .Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3. .

The following methods may work best for you.

●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.

● Write your notes in your own words.

● 4. .

● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.

As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 5. .

A. Use words, not complete sentences.

B. There are three practical note-taking methods.

C. You must write your notes on separate paper.

D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.

E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

What do you do if you're stranded (处于困境的) on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.

Body signals (信号)

Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training. When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no". If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend (弯曲) your knees. If you want to say that it's not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.

Smoke signals

The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn't hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a fire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.

Ground-to-air signals

It's a good idea to build some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols (标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth. Some useful symbols are:

F: I need food and water."

II: I need medicine."

I: I am badly hurt."

X: I am unable to move from here."

Pilots' replies

If the pilot lowers the plane's wings from side to side, this means "message received and understood". (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's green lights.) If the pilots flies the plane in a clockwise circle, this means "message received but not understood". (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's red lights.)

1.Which picture means "it's not safe to land"?

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A. Swinging your arm from side to side means "yes".

B. If the ground is dark, light smoke can't be seen.

C. If you need some medicine, make a symbol "II".

D. The pilots make replies with a blue light at night.

3.What is the passage mainly about?

A. The explanation of building signals on an island.

B. The importance of making signals on an island.

C. Ways of sending out signals on a lonely island.

D. Ways of receiving signals from a lonely island.

Having proper motivation is not _______ —it is another key to success.

A. artistic B. enterprising

C. investigate D. optional

书面表达

随着中国经济的发展，私家车日渐增多，很多学生上学都有车接送，为此，同学之间观点不一。请你根据下表中双方不同观点用英语写一篇文章给上海英文星报--Shanghai Star ，介绍这种情况及你对这一现象的看法。

支持	反对
1.省时、方便； 2.安全。	1.拥堵、车祸； 2.易相互攀比。
你的看法……

注意：

1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2. 词数100左右；

3.文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：攀比 vie with …

书面表达

In recent years, more and more students go to school in private cars. People have different opinions about this phenomenon.

Imagine a house that keeps itself warm in the wintertime. Think of the savings in terms of fuel bills and unfriendly emissions. Such houses in fact exist, called “passive houses”. The concept of these highly energy-efficient buildings took root in the 1990s, before slowly consolidating as a niche construction (生态位构建) concept in the 2000s. Are passive houses now actively moving into the mainstream as sustainable buildings?

For Brian Mc Garry, an economics lecturer who built a family house based on passive housing criteria in the Pyrenees this year, the arguments look convincing. As his first full winter in the low energy house draws in, we asked him to keep us informed. Do passive houses work?

I had never heard of a passive house in February 2012, when I purchased a plot of land. Nor did I expect that I would be persuaded to build a pre-constructed, custom-designed house based on energy-efficient passive house criteria. It promised to be easier and quicker to build, cheaper to run, and more comfortable to live in. The objective was to incorporate the fundamental concepts of passive energy management into my project: an airtight and highly insulated building envelope; large south facing double or triple-glazed windows (if possible, filled with argon gas) that passively capture the energy of the sun; a heat recovery ventilation system to provide fresh air; and a simple, low-cost heating system consisting of a modern wood-burning stove, a bathroom heater and a portable radiator backup for when the sun doesn’t shine and temperatures decline. No significant limitations were placed on the design, and it had excellent environmental credentials. Moreover, the cost was no more than a conventional build.

After six months in use, the house is proving to be both cheap to run and remarkably comfortable–staying cool in the hot summer was effortless, as long as the windows were shuttered or shaded from the sun. Nowstaying warm in the cold, high-altitude December climate also seems easy, so far.

Winter arrived in force in the Pyrenees in November, with abundant snowfalls and temperatures as low as minus 8° Celsius. Though early days, the house has responded well: the stove is lit during cold evenings but the portable radiator has not yet been needed. This type of construction seems not only to make economic and environmental sense, but to enhance our quality of life, too.

1.We can learn from Paragraph one that passive houses __________.

A. consume extra energy to keep warm in winter and cool in summer

B. had been introduced for a decade before the birth of the theory

C. appeal to both the self-builders and those constructors

D. refer to a certain house comfortable, costly and also pleasing

2.Regarding the passive energy management, the houses have characteristics EXCEPT _______

A. using south-facing windows to take in solar energy

B. Providing energy for taking a shower when it’s rainy

C. supplying fresh air with a special heat recovery system

D. placing more demands and restrictions on the design

3.How did Brian McGarry find his self-built passive house?

A. very unaffordable

B. Energy-consuming

C. comfortable to live in

D. Awkward to use

4.What is the writer’s attitude towards the passive housing?

A. supportive B. critical

C. oppositive D. doubtful

Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ___________ us.

A. will bother B. had bothered

C. bothers D. bothered

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