题目内容

We Should All Grow Fat and Be Happy
Here’s a familiar version of the boy-meets-girl situation. A young man has at last plucked up courage to invite a dazzling young lady out to dinner. She has accepted his invitation and he is overjoyed. He is determined to take her to the best restaurant in town, even if it means that he will have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come. When they get to the restaurant, he discovers that this ethereal creature is on a diet. She mustn’t eat this and she mustn’t that. Oh, but of course, she doesn’t want to spoil his enjoyment. Let him by all means eat as much fattening food as he wants: it’s the surest way to an early grave. They spend a truly memorable evening together and never see each other again.
What a miserable lot dieters are! You can always recognize them from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts; gazing at themselves in mirrors; and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, protruding tummies and double chins. Some wage all-out war on FAT. Mere dieting is not enough. They exhaust themselves doing exercises, sweating in sauna baths, being pummeled and massaged by weird machines. The really wealthy diet-mongers pay vast sums for ‘health cures’. For two weeks they can enter a nature clinic and be starved to death for a hundred guineas a week. Don’t think it’s only the middle-aged who go in for these fads either. Many of these bright young things you see are suffering from chronic malnutrition: they are living on nothing but air, water and the goodwill of God.
Dieters undertake to starve themselves of their own free will; so why are they so miserable? Well, for one thing, they’re always hungry. You can’t be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible concoctions they eat instead of food leave them permanently dissatisfied. Wonderfood(奇妙的事物) is a complete food, the advertisement says. ‘Just dissolve a teaspoonful in water…’. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as a juicy steak. And, of course, they’re always miserable because they feel so guilty. Hunger just proves too much for them and in the end they lash out and devour five huge guilt-inducing cream cakes at a sitting. And who can blame them? At least three times a day they are exposed to temptation. What utter torture it is always watching others tucking into piles of mouth-watering food while you munch a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice!
What’s all this self-inflicted torture for? Saintly people deprive themselves of food to attain a state of grace. Unsaintly（saintly<圣洁的>的反义词） people do so to attain a state of misery. It will be a great day when all the dieters in the world abandon their slimming courses; when they hold out their plates and demand second helpings!
小题1:The best title for this passage is
A On Fat.
B We Should All Grow Fat and Be Happy.
C Many Diseases Are Connected with Fat.
D Diet Deprives People of Normal Life.
小题2:Why do they never see each other again?
A Because it is a memorable evening.
B Because she lets him eat as much fattening food as he wants.
C Because she does not eat this and drink that.
D Because eating fattening food is the surest way to an early grave.
小题3:Which of the following ways is NOT mentioned for diet?
A Doing exercises.  B Not eating sugar.  C Not eating fat.  D Taking sauna baths.
小题4:What is the author’s attitude toward diet?
A Persuasive.   B Critical.   C Indifferent.   D Adversative.

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:B

文章论及“减肥及痛苦”。以先声夺人的男女约会入手，引入减肥的痛苦过程：首先是各种减肥的方法（全面战斗）；其次是痛苦的难熬；最后点出减肥的目的。号召人放弃减肥。三段式文章：引言，正文和结论。以讽刺的笔调，步步深入的手法劝人放弃减肥，过愉快的生活。
小题1:我们都该长得胖乎乎，心情愉快。这是文章的目的，也是文章最佳标题。答案见最后一段：“这一切自我折磨为了什么？圣洁的人们不吃饭菜是为了身材优美，不圣洁的人们不吃饭菜得到的是痛苦。当世界上所有的节食者都抛弃这减轻体重显得苗条的课程时当他们伸出盘子，要求再来一份（第二份食物）时，这将是一个伟大的日子。”
A. 论脂肪。似乎有点儿接近文章的内容。但文章涉及到的各个方面并不是单讲脂肪食品或饮食问题。C. 许多疾病和脂肪有关。文内第一段提到这方面的问题。D. 节食剥夺了人们正常生活。文内提到，但不是文章的总目的和内容。
小题2:吃脂肪食品早死。答案就在第一段“当他们来到饭店，他发现这位优雅的少女（飘逸的少女）是个忌口节食者。决不能吃这个，一定不能喝那个。喔，当然，她不想扫他的兴，让他想吃多少脂肪的食品就尽量吃。这是早早接近死亡的最有把握的途径。”这里传递两点信息。一个吃，一个不吃已经是格格不入，再加上“多吃脂肪东西早死亡”姑娘怎能嫁他，他一个人吃而那位姑娘瞧着，确实是难以忘怀的夜晚，他受得了？所以D是最接近不再见面的原因。
A. 因为这是一个值得纪念的夜晚。B. 她让他爱吃多少脂肪食物就吃多少。C.因为她不吃这个也不吃那个。这三项都是单独的事实或情况。
小题3:不吃糖。答案再第二段第二句开始“他们大部分时间对食品都不屑一顾。他们永远向热量表讨教咨询，照镜子，跳到浴室的磅秤上称重量。他们一声都在向臀部大，肚子突出，双下巴绽开一个准输无疑的战斗。有的对脂肪开展了全面战斗。光节食是不够的，他们运动以消耗体重，洗桑拿浴出汗，用奇异的机器按摩和击打。”
A. 运动做操。C.不吃脂肪。D.洗桑拿浴。
小题4:批评的态度。这在第二、三段都有明显的表示。第二段开始：“这些节食者是多么可怜的一群人啊！你总是可以从他们愁眉不展的表情上认出他们。”第二段倒数第四句开始：“这些真正有钱的节食大款为健康治疗支付大笔的款项。他们进到“自然门诊”。两个星期饿得要死，每星期付一百畿尼。别以为仅仅是中年人参与这种时尚活动。你可以见到许多青年正由于长期营养不良而遭罪。他们就靠空气、水和上帝的善意而活着。”第三段，“节食者甘愿忍饥挨饿，那么他们为什么那样难受悲惨呢？得，首先，他们总是感到饥饿。你不可能饿着肚子高兴。他们吃的不是食物，全是搭配好的东西，这永远不能使他们满意……”第三段倒数第三句“饥饿确实令他们感到太受不了了。最终，他们破釜沉舟，一口气就吞下了五大块使人内疚的奶油蛋糕。谁能责怪他们！他们一天至少三次面对引诱，老是看着别人大口吃着馋涎欲滴的食品，而你自己用力嚼一口水饼干和喝一口没有甜味的柠檬汁。这是一种什么样的折磨啊！”
A.劝导的。 C.漠不关心。这两项不对。D. 敌意的。不合适。
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Northern Europeans spend a lot of time in their cold and cloudy winters planning their summer holidays. They are proud of their healthy color when they return home after the holiday. But they also know that a certain amount of sunshine is good for their bodies and general health.
In ancient Greece people knew about the healing(治疗) powers of the sun, but this knowledge was lost. At the end of the nineteenth century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen, began to study the effect of sunlight on certain diseases, especially diseases of the skin. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in artificially (人造地) produced rays. Sunlight began to play a more important part in curing sick people.
A Swiss doctor, Auguste Rollier, made full use of the sun in his hospital at Lysine. Lysine is a small village high up in the Alps. The position is important: the rays of the sun with the greatest healing power are the infra-red (红外线的) and ultra-violet (紫外线的) rays; but ultra-violet rays are too easily lost in fog and the polluted air near industrial towns. Dr. Roller found that sunlight, fresh air and good food cure a great many diseases. He was particularly successful in curing certain forms of tuberculosis with his “sun-cure”.
There were a large number of children in Dr. Roller’s hospital. He decided to start a school where sick children could be cured and at the same time continue to learn. It was not long before his school was full.
In winter, wearing only shorts, socks and boots, the children put on their skis after breakfast and left the hospital. They carried small desks and chairs as well as their school books. Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slope which faced the sun and was free from cold winds. There they set out their desks and chairs, and school began.
Although they wore hardly any clothes, Roller’s pupils were very seldom cold. That was because their bodies were full of energy which they got from the sun. But the doctor knew that sunshine can also be dangerous. If, for example, tuberculosis is attacking the lungs, unwise sunbathing may do great harm.
Today there is not just one school in the sun. There are several in Switzerland, and since Switzerland is not the only country which has the right conditions, there are similar schools in other places.
1. According to the passage, when did sunlight begin to play a more important part in the treatment of disease?
A. From ancient times.         B. At the end of the nineteenth century.
C. Not until this century.              D. Only very recently.
2. Why are a Danish doctor and a Swiss doctor mentioned in the second and third paragraphs?
A. Because they both made use of sunlight to treat illness.
B. Because they were the first people who used sunlight for treatment.
C. Because they were both famous European doctors.
D. Because they used sunlight in very different ways.
3. Dr Roller set up a “sun-cure” school probably for the reason that _______.
A. most children could stay in his hospital
B. children could study while being treated
C. the school was expected to be full of pupils
D. the school was high up in the mountains
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage?
A. “Sun-cure” schools are becoming popular everywhere.
B. Switzerland is the only country where “sun-cure” schools are popular.
C. Proper conditions are necessary for the running of a “sun-cure” school.
D. “Sun-cure” schools are found in countries where there is a lot of sunshine.
　　From the very beginning, Martin felt that he was bound up with（与……紧紧地在一起）his lovely little patient. One day, following some tests , Betty gave the doctor a big hug（拥抱）.
　　A few months later the doctor removed not only the tumour（肿瘤）, but also the entire lower left side of Betty’s gum（牙龈）and jawbone. Because Betty was so young, Martin was hopeful that her jawbone might regenerate.
　　Within three months, Betty’s tumour grew as large as an orange, changing the natural appearance of the left side of her small, delicate （ =" thin;" not strong）face. Soon she couldn’t even close her mouth, and as her eating problems worsened, Betty ‘s weight dropped from 20 kilos to 15. Martin knew from experience that it might invade the brain.
　　The only other possibility was thorough radiation therapy （放射疗法）. Night after night, Betty's father gave her injection, but the tumour remained as big as ever. Then one evening. Morgan noticed that the tumour had begun to change. It was actually becoming smaller! For two months her tumour appeared to be going away for ever. In the coming months, Betty’s tumour continued to appear. She was able to eat solid food once again. Her jawbone was regenerating. The tumour was gone.
　小题1:If Betty’s jawbone didn’t regenerate, the doctors ________ .
A．would rebuild her jaw
B．would continue the treatment
C．would use new medicine
D．could do nothing else
　小题2:If the brain should be invaded, the result would ________.
A．prevent her growth
B．reduce her weight
C．cause her brain damaged
D．affect her eyesight
　小题3:What did the doctors do two months later?
A．They continued their observations.
B．They gave up the operation on Betty.
C．They found out what caused Betty’s strange disease.
D．They declared that Betty’s strange disease was cured.
Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential to one’s life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.
But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained(可获得的), the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33%—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.
For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting(省略) breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate(不适当), and most of the recent work involves(涉及) children, not grown-ups. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.”
小题1:The main idea of the passage is _______.
A．breakfast has nothing to do with people’s health
B．a good breakfast used to be important to us
C．breakfast is not as important to us as gasoline to a car
D．breakfast is not as important as we thought before
小题2:For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.
A．several studies have been done in the past few years
B．the omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health
C．grown-ups have especially made studies in this field
D．eating little in the morning is good for health
小题3:The underlined part “nor does giving people breakfast improve work” means _______.
A．people without breakfast can improve their work
B．not giving people breakfast improves work
C．having breakfast does not improve work, either
D．people having breakfast do improve their work, too
小题4:The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to _______.
A．stories, poems, play, etc
B．written works on a particular subject
C．any printed material
D．the modern literature of America
小题5:What is implied but not stated by the author is that _______.
A．breakfast does not affect work
B．Dr Polite works at an institution of higher learning
C．not eating breakfast might affect the health of children
D．Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London
In real life, the daily struggles between parents and children are around these narrow problems of an extra hour, extra TV show, and so on” said Avi Sadeh, psychology professor at Tel Aviv University. “Too little sleep and more accidents,” he said.
Sadeh and his colleagues found an extra hour of sleep can make a big difference. The children who slept longer, although they woke up more frequently during the night, scored higher on tests, Sadeh reported in the March/April issue of journal Child Development.
“When the children slept longer, their sleep quality was somewhat weak, but in spite of this their performance for study improved because the extra sleep was more significant than the reduction in sleep quality. ” Sadeh said. “Some studies suggested that lack of sleep as a child affects development into adulthood and it’s more likely to develop their attention disorder when they grow older. ”
In earlier studies, Sadeh’s team found that fourth graders slept an average of 8. 2 hours and sixth graders slept an average of 7. 7 hours.
“Previous research has shown children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night on a regular basis, said Carl Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, and high-school-age children need somewhat less, he said, adding the results of insufficient sleep could be serious.
“A tired child is an accident waiting to happen,” Hunt said. “And as kids get older, toys get bigger and the risks higher. ”Hunt also said too little sleep could result in learning and memory problems and long-term effects on school performance.
“This is an important extension of what we already know, ” Hunt said of Sadeh’s research, adding sleep is as important as nutrition(营养) and exercise to good health.
“To put it into reality,” Hunt said, “parents should make sure they know when their children actually are going to sleep and their rooms are conducive to sleeping instead of playing. ”
小题1:What is Child Development?
A A new story                       B A popular book
C. A periodical magazine               D A TV programme
小题2:How many persons are exactly mentioned in the text?
A One          B Two         C Three           D Four
小题3:The underlined phrase “conducive to” (in the last sentence) means ________.
A helping to happen                 B influenced by
C full of                              D acceptable of
小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．There are some daily struggles between parents and children because of having nothing in common with extra rest time.
B．The children who sleep longer are weak in their study.
C．Lack of sleep as a child has great effect on their development into adulthood.
D．In general, children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night.
Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined(限于)to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.?
At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be“getting old”.The disease was though to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic(器官的)disease that destroys brain cells.?
Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking. Then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, telephone numbers, names and plans.?
As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms(症状)often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.?
In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.?
Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus(病毒).It may be caused by a poisonous substance(物质)in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.?
小题1:The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease________.?
A．is a terrible part of the aging process?
B．is an organic disease that affects young and old?
C．can be cured by physical treatment?
D．causes forgetfulness
小题2:All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT_________.?
A. forgetfulness                       B. difficulty in speaking?
.loss of sight                        D. loss of the ability to walk
小题3:According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease??
A．Poisons produced by the brain.B．Getting old.?
C．A virus.D．Lack of exercise.
小题4:he progress of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.?
A．operation B．a change in environment?
C．medicinesD．physical treatment and exercise
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.
Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century—provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
小题1: We can know from the first paragraph that ______.
A．the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody
B．people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up
C．patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948
D．the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers
小题2:What do we know about the NHS?
A．It’s managed by the central government.
B．Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.
C．It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D．Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.
小题3: All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ______.
A．take care of the local people’s health
B．often take part in competitions to see who is the best
C．work under high pressure nowadays
D．have more responsibilities than before
小题4:What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?
A．sufferingB．differentC．preventedD．free
小题5:The biggest problem for the NHS is ______.
A．many hospitals are too old to be used
B．some services are in the charge of individuals
C．more and more patients go to GPs for treatment
D．there is not enough money for further reform
Whatever our differences as human beings are we all think we’re more like the rest of the animal world than we realize. It is said that we share 40 per cent of our genetic（遗传的）structure with the simple worm.
But that fact has helped Sir John Sulston win the 2002 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Sir John is the founder of the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, which was set up in 1992 to get further understanding of the human genome（染色体组）.
To help them do this, they turned to the worm. The nematode（线虫类的）worm is one of the earliest creatures on planet earth. It is less than one millimeter long, completely transparent and spends its entire life digging holes through sand. But it still has lots to say about human life, and what can be done to make it better.
What the worm told Sir John and his colleagues was that each of the cells in the human body is programmed like a computer. They grow, develop and die according to a set of instructions that are coded in our genetic make-up.
Many of the diseases that humans suffer from happen when these instructions go wrong or are not obeyed. When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer. Heart attacks and diseases like AIDS cause more cell deaths than normal, increasing the damage they do to the body. Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.
小题1:Sir John Sulston got a Nobel Prize for Medicine because he has         .
A．found that human beings are similar to the worm
B．got the fact we share 40 per cent of our genetic structure with the simple worm
C．found the computer which controls each of the cells in the human body
D．proved that cell death is programmed
小题2:People might be seriously ill if the cells in their body        .
A．grow without being instructedB．die regularly
C．fail to follow people’s instructionsD．develop in the human body
小题3:The underlined word“they”（paragraph 5）refers to        .
A．cell deathsB．diseasesC．instructionsD．cells
小题4:What is the subject discussed in the text?
A．The theory of programmed cell deaths. B．A great scientist—Sir John Sulston.
C．The programmed human life.D．Dangerous diseases.
Many Tuesday mornings, I have coffee with my father. Although my father is a man of few words, I really   ____  the time along with him.
One recent Tuesday, I found it a bit  ___  when I rang the doorbell, no one seemed to be home. I climbed in through the window, noticing the lights that shone from the kitchen, and  ____  that my dad must be there, but he wasn't. I  ____  through his home, checking every room. I tried not to   ____.Yet, upstairs, downstairs, no Dad anywhere.
I was worried. ____， my father was seventy­one years old. Anything could have happened to him. Then, I got in my car and drove to my mother's aerobics(有氧运动)class.
On the drive, I thought a lot about my father and our ____  together. Suddenly, I was three years old and he was  ____  me up to the living room window to see the Christmas lights. In his  ____， I was safe and secure. At age ten, he used to wake me up with warm breakfast in bed. Then I was twelve and my dad was   ____  all the kids at my birthday party with his magic tricks. I was so   ____  of my father for being so  ____  and talented. He'd made my party a   ____.
As I entered my mother's class. I was nervous. My mom looked at me in   ____.
“Mom, where's Dad？” I asked, “He's working in the  ____  on the side of the house！” she answered.
And I hurried to my car and   ____  back to the yard.“Hey, Dad！” I yelled out and told him about my fears of the last half hour. My dad  ____  laughing his typical laugh that was always  ___. I was so thankful that I still had my daddy. And so, as I  ___  the door to my father's house, we went inside for our usual cup of coffee.
Thanks, Daddy, for all the   ____  and more importantly, for all your love.
小题1:
A．dislikeB．share
C．getD．enjoy
小题2:
A．dangerousB．unusual
C．joyfulD．relaxing
小题3:
A．decidedB．hoped
C．expectedD．wondered
小题4:
A．livedB．pulled
C．hurriedD．came
小题5:
A．cryB．panic
C．believeD．confirm
小题6:
A．Above allB．In all
C．After allD．For all
小题7:
A．journeyB．family
C．interestD．history
小题8:
A．holdingB．picking
C．callingD．bringing
小题9:
A．heartB．chest
C．eyesD．arms
小题10:
A．amazingB．cheating
C．invitingD．providing
小题11:
A．sureB．aware
C．proudD．afraid
小题12:
A．honestB．special
C．lucky D．practical
小题13:
A．feastB．prize
C．secretD．success
小题14:
A．angerB．worry
C．sorrowD．surprise
小题15:
A．yardB．kitchen
C．roomD．home
小题16:
A．foughtB．raced
C．lookedD．fled
小题17:
A．keptB．remembered
C．beganD．stopped
小题18:
A．bitterB．simple
C．familiarD．tight
小题19:．
A．closedB．unlocked
C．kickedD．knocked
小题20:
A．memoriesB．chances
C．assistance D．advice

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