题目内容

Bend over, take a deep breath and drink some water! This is just one of the hundreds of tips you might get if you have the hiccups(打嗝). Hiccups are so mysterious. We really don’t know why they start and why they stop.
Everyone has a favorite cure for a case of the hiccups. Some people think that a good scare is necessary to get well. Others eat a teaspoon of sugar. Still others drink a glass of water with a knife in it.
An American man named Jack O’Leary claimed to have hiccupped 160 million times over a period of eight years. He tried 60,000 cures, but none of them worked. Finally he prayed to Saint Jude, the saint of Hopeless cases, and his hiccupping stopped immediately.
It took a British plumber eight months to cure his hiccups. People from all over the world wrote him letters with suggestions for getting well. He tried them all, but the hiccups continued. Finally, he drank a “secret’’mixture someone had sent him. By that evening his hiccups were gone. Why did these cures work for these two men? No one really knows. But people who have studied many cases of hiccups have an idea. Hiccups usually go away if you believe in the cure.
小题1:
________might be the best cure for hiccups.
A．Special pillsB．A spoonful of saltC．Cold waterD．What you believe in
小题2:
The plumber spent________in stopping his hiccups.
A．4 hoursB．2 daysC．8 monthsD．8 years
小题3:
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．We know why the hiccups start, but we don’t know how to stop them.
B．Saint Jude is an expert in curing the hiccups.
C．The British plumber drank a secret mixture given by an experienced doctor and then became well.
D．Some people think that a good scare is a cure for a case of hiccups.
小题4:
What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Different ways to stop hiccupsB．What makes hiccups happen
C．How to get hiccupsD．Jack O’Leary’s hiccups

小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:D
小题1:A
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Mom noticed that something was wrong when I started getting so thirsty, I’d have a lot to drink before bed, which was unusual for me. One time, I opened a big container of apple juice and kept refilling my glass. Before I knew it, I’d drunk the entire container! My mom call my doctor. I then had a few blood tests, and the results were certain ------ I had diabetes, which meant that the amount of sugar in my blood was very high. That can be dangerous, so I had to learn how to control my blood-sugar level.
My eating habits had to change in a big way. With diabetes, I can’t eat a lot of sugar or carbohydrates. I have to figure out exactly how much sugar I plan to eat, and then I get an injection of insulin before the meals to help my body process the food. Also, I test my blood-sugar level often. I’m always trying to keep my blood sugar at a healthy level. The level can drop when I exercise, but that doesn’t keep me out of gym class or off the basketball court ------ I just keep some juice boxes around to boost my blood sugar if I need to.
It’s a lot of work ------ and not a lot of fun ------ to keep track of everything, but I’ve gotten used to my new habits. I was a little scared at first because I wasn’t sure how my life would change. Once I knew what I needed to do, though, it wasn’t a big deal. My life is different now from what it was before, but it has become completely regular to me.
小题1:The first paragraph is mainly about ______.
A．who found the author had diabetes
B．the author’s life before having diabetes
C．how the author was found to have diabetes
D．the author’s eating habits before having diabetes
小题2:The insulin injected into the body before the meals can ______.
A．change people’s eating habitB．help process the food
C．hasten the growth of organsD．prevent high blood level
小题3:What did the author do after knowing she had diabetes?
A．She stopped playing basketball in the gym.
B．She controlled her blood-sugar level strictly.
C．She stopped eating food with natural sugar.
D．She tested her blood-sugar level before every meal.
小题4:What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Increase.B．Control.C．Absorb.D．Test.
小题5: What’s the author’s attitude towards her having diabetes now？
A．Worried.B．Frightened.C．Pessimistic.D．Positive.
Dear Students,
Thank you for your interest in helping with the investigation into mumps(腮腺炎) at University of East Anglia(UEA).
Part 1: What will the oral fluid/saliva sample be tested for?
The oral fluid sample you provide will be tested for mumps antibodies and mumps virus. We will not be reporting results back to individual students. The information gathered will be used to guide public health control of mumps. We will update you via emailing the final outcome to acknowledge your contribution. If you think you have mumps, you will still need to see your GP as per routine.
Part 2: What is involved in the investigation?
(1) We will be contacting you by post to request two oral fluid/saliva samples a few weeks apart and possibly a third sample.
(2) We will contact your GP to collect information on your vaccination records.
What if you change your mind and what safeguards are in place?
Participation is voluntary.
You can withdraw anytime without having to give a reason. Withdrawal will not affect your routine care.
As a public health body, the HPA data collection role is strictly governed. All data will be collected and handled in accordance with strict medical confidences.
Part 3: What to do next if you would like to enroll?
All you have to do now is:
(1)Follow the instructions on the box with regards to taking an oral fluid/saliva swab(棉签).
(2)Complete the request form. If you are unable to complete the vaccination history section, you can leave it blank.
(3)Confirm your consent by signing below.
(4)Send everything (sample form, signed consent and swab sample) back in the prepaid envelope —a stamp is not required.
If you have any queries, please contact Dr. Chee Yung on 0208 327 7603.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
I consent to take part in the oral fluid/saliva investigation of mumps at UEA by the HPA.
Signature:           
Full name:           
Date:           
(   ) 小题1:. This passage is written mainly to         .
A．find the virus that leads to mumpsB．raise funds for HPA
C．guide public health control of mumpsD．encourage students to help investigate mumps
(   ) 小题2:. It can be inferred from the passage that GP refers to         .
A．parentB．doctorC．colleagueD．classmate
(   )小题3:. According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT that         .
A．all the students at University of East Anglia have to take part in the investigation
B．you don’t need to explain why you want to withdraw from the investigation
C．individual students will not be informed of the test results
D．your routine care will not be affected if you withdraw from the investigation
(   ) 小题4:.. The data of the investigation will be         .
A．sent to the GP by the HPAB．collected by individual students
C．managed according to strict medical confidencesD．strictly secret to the HPA
(   )小题5:. To enroll the investigation, you have to         .
A．complete the vaccination history section of the request form
B．send the sample form, the signed consent and the swab sample back at your own expense
C．do as the instructions on the box about how to take an oral fluid/saliva swab
D．contact Dr. Chee Yung on 0208 327 7603
I had about 10 minutes to exercise before I had to pick up my two older daughters from school yesterday. It was a busier day than usual for me with a couple of meetings besides my regular work.
Years ago, I would have put off my workout and would have left things for the next day. But since it was a busy day as well, I knew that I may not have all that much time either. So, I picked up my kettle-bell (哑铃) and went to town for 4 minutes.
See, 4 minutes, if that’s all you’ve got, is enough to give your body a great fat-burning exercise. How did I get a killer workout in 4 minutes? I used a training workout discovered 10 years ago by a Japanese Sports Scientist called a TABATA.
It includes 20-second periods of warm-up, followed by 10-second periods of rest and 4-minute straight exercise. How is a 4-minute exercise able to burn fat? It all depends on the quality of work you do. Not on the quantity. Here’s how I did it yesterday.
You should never forget your warm-up. A TABATA workout is 20 seconds of 2-arm Kettle-bell swings, 10 seconds rest, 20 seconds push-ups, and 10 seconds rest. You should do those 4 rounds. That’s it. I was done in a total time of 8 minutes by the time and when I got to school my heart was still pumping pretty hard.
A healthy body is needed for studying and working, and efficiency (效率) is the key to building a great body in the least amount (数量) of time possible and you can’t get more efficient than a 4-minute workout.
小题1:We can learn from the passage that the author ______.
A．is busy with his workB．has a weak body now
C．has two children in allD．is a manager in a film
小题2:The underlined phrase “went to town” in Paragraph 2 means “_______”.
A．put off doing somethingB．went to a very small city
C．did something with interestD．hated to do something
小题3:What is the most important thing in taking exercise according to the author?
A．The goalB．the qualityC．The quantityD．The method
Many people who are overweight have poor digestion(消化). For the most part, poor digestion is not a habit given by our parents. We give it to ourselves through the way we eat. Eating to get less stress or anxiety is often the mistake most people will make.
Oh, poor digestion can lead to weight problems. Here’s how: When a person feels stressed, the part of the central nervous system that connects digestion switches off. This is called the parasympathetic nervous system(副交感神经系统). At those times of stress, the body can take in food and  process some of it, but digestion doesn’t work correctly to digest all the nutritional(营养的)goodness from the food. Poor digestion is not always obvious by observing symptoms; you can get some illnesses but not always. Poor digestion can be seemingly silent.
If you eat when you are stressed, anxious, or nervous, you might as well be eating cardboard for all the nutrients your body gets. Yes, eating when stressed is a gaining situation. Now you might think, well, if I’m not digesting, the calories aren’t getting handles, so I should be losing weight. Good idea, but wrong reality. When digestion is not proper, the body starts “starving” from lack of necessary nutrients(营养物). Yes, it goes into a starvation（饥饿）problem and starts absorbing(吸收) fat and energy. It thinks it’s in a famine(饥荒). The good news is that it’s easy to make some corrections and get rid of stress at mealtimes.
If you feel stressed often, it can be helpful to take other food that contains multiple B vitamins. These help, but you could still find yourself stressed at mealtimes.
小题1:The author wrote the passage to tell us        .
A．how to deal with stress at mealtimes
B．what kind of food can be easily digested
C．eating when you’re stressed can cause weight problems
D．eating too much resulted in overweight problems
小题2:How do you understand the underlined sentence in the first paragraph?
A．Eating is the best way to release stress.
B．We should not release the stress by eating.
C．Eating too much can cause anxiety.
D．The stress problem can be solved during eating.
小题3: In what way do poor digestion and stress cause body problems?
A．Poor digestion cannot absorb much nutritional goodness from the food.
B．People with poor digestion take in food and process all of it.
C．When people feel stressed, the parasympathetic nervous system switches on.
D．Poor digestion will not lead to overweight problems.
小题4:Which is NOT the reason why people may have weight problems when eating with stress?
A．The body does not take in what they eat.
B．The digestion system becomes incorrect.
C．People cannot eat much when unhappy.
D．The body will begin to absorb too much fat.
Many grown-ups worry that spending too much time playing video games isn’t good for a kid’s health. But some doctors have noticed that kids who bring their game players to the hospital seem less worried about being there. They also seem to feel less pain when they are giving all their attention on a car race or other games.
At a children’s center in Baltimore, Maryland, young kids are finding hospital visits easier to deal with, thanks to a test program called HOPE. Patients in HOPE have a life-threatening condition where their kidneys(肾) no longer get rid of wastes from their blood. To get their blood cleaned, these kids must use the dialysis (透析) machines at the hospital three times a week, for at least three hours each time. HOPE allows kids to play Internet sports, racing, and other games with each other. They will be able to connect with kids in other hospitals who have the same problem. “We want to use the Internet to bring together kids who are ill, and let them know they are not alone,” said Arun Mathews, the doctor of the program. He loved video games himself and got the idea to connect kids all over the country.
Many researchers elsewhere are testing video programs that might help young patients. For example, nine-year-old Ben Duskin of San Francisco, California, who was struggling with cancer helped to design a video game where players got rid of cancer cells.
That’s all great news, because doctors already know that reducing pain and worry helps patients heal(痊愈) faster.
小题1:
According to the passage, the sick kids may feel less pain when they _________.
A．use the dialysis machinesB．are in a car race
C．are playing video gamesD．stay alone with illness
小题2:
HOPE allows the sick kids to play Internet games in order to _________.
A．encourage them to fight against the illnessB．get rid of their pain and worry
C．let the kids make more friends D．bring the kids in the country together
小题3:
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Grown-ups all think video games are bad for kids’ health.
B．Some doctors think video games may help the sick kids reduce pain.
C．The HOPE is a famous organization all over the world.
D．Arun Mathews is against the testing program.
小题4:
Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Video Games Are Bad for HealthB．Video Games May Help Reduce Pain
C．A Famous American OrganizationD．HOPE Allows Kids to Play Online Games
Seven Health Facts about Coffee
When you’re considering your morning coffee, here are some health facts to keep in mind:
1. Coffee Reduces Your Risk of Diabetes (糖尿病)
In a 2005 review of nine studies, researchers found that for those that drank four to six cups of coffee per day, versus only two or fewer, their risk for Type 2 diabetes decreased by almost 30 percent. The number decreased by 35 percent when people drank more than six cups per day. And if you’re picturing yourself running around the office with your eyes bugging out of your head, no worries because caffeinated and decaffeinated coffees provided much the same results.
2. Coffee Fights Free Radicals (自由基)
We often forget that coffee is actually a plant and like all plant foods, the coffee bean contains more than 1,000 naturally occurring substances called phytochemicals, which may help prevent disease. Many of these phytochemicals are antioxidants which protect the cells from damage from free radicals.
3. Coffee Improves Memory and Cognition
Researchers reported that volunteers who drank caffeinated coffee in the morning performed better than nondrinkers on tests that involved learning new information. Coffee can also improve cognitive function as we age. One study found that combining coffee with a sweet treat had an even bigger impact.
4. Coffee Can Increase Osteoporosis (骨质疏松)
It’s true that coffee can cause the body to excrete calcium in urine. We don’t want the body to rid itself of calcium because this can lead to osteoporosis. According to The Diet Channel, about five milligrams of calcium is lost per every six ounces of coffee consumed. But these calcium losses can be counter balanced with two tablespoons of milk or yogurt per cup of coffee.
5. Coffee Causes Wrinkles
Even though coffee has antioxidants, if you drink too much of it, it can cause wrinkling of the skin. This is a result of dehydration (脱水) which is the worst thing for your skin. So when you’re drinking that morning cup or two, make sure that you’re pairing it with water. Even better, add one tablespoon of chia seeds to your water and let them sit for 30 minutes. The chia seeds keep you even more hydrated than regular water.
6. Coffee Can Actually Cause Weight Gain
The blood sugar changes that a caffeine high produces can contribute enormously to a strong desire for it, according to iVillage. Coffee is also socially connected to food. For example, we pair coffee with dessert or that morning powdered doughnut. Additionally, when we crash from our caffeine high that’s when we reach for all sorts of fatty snacks to keep us going.
7. Conventional Coffee Is Laden with Pesticides (杀虫剂)
The coffee plant is one of the most heavily sprayed crops. It’s coated with chemicals, pesticides, and herbicides, nothing you’d want to be swallowing. If you do drink coffee, make sure that it’s the organic variety, free from assorted chemicals that leech into our ground water and can make us sick down the road.
If you switch to decaffeinated coffee, make sure the caffeine (咖啡因) is removed in a natural way without the use of chemicals to do it. Often times, conventional decaffeinated coffee has more chemicals than regular.
小题1:   If you want to decrease the risk of diabetes by 35%, you need to take at least _____ cups of     coffee every day.
A．seven B．six C．fiveD．four
小题2:If you are a heavy drinker of coffee, a far better way to avoid wrinkling of your skin is to drink water _____.
A．less than usualB．regularly C．with sugarD．with chia seeds
小题3:   Which of the following statements is wrong?
A．Adding two spoons of milk to a cup of coffee can prevent calcium losses.
B．Decaffeinated coffee has different effects from caffeinated coffee as to diabetes.
C．Many phytochemicals protect the cells from damage from free radicals.
D．The organic variety of coffee plant is free from assorted chemicals.
小题4:   The author has a/an _____ attitude towards drinking of coffee.
A．positiveB．negativeC．objectiveD．imaginative
If you don’t have a college degree, you’re at greater risk of developing memory problems or even Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆). Education plays a key role in lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder, and it's well documented that those with a college degree possess a cognitive（认知的） advantage over those less educated in middle and old age.
Now, a large national study from Brandeis University published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry shows that those with less schooling can significantly make up for poorer education by frequently engaging in mental exercises such as word games, puzzles, reading, and lectures.
“The lifelong benefits of higher education for memory in later life are quite impressive, but we do not clearly understand how and why these effects last so long,” said lead author Margie Lachman, a psychologist. She suggested that higher education may encourage lifelong interest in cognitive efforts, while those with less education may not engage as frequently in mental exercises that help keep the memory agile (敏捷地).
But education early in adulthood does not appear to be the only route to maintain your memory. The study found that intellectual activities undertaken regularly made a difference. “Among individuals with low education, those who are engaged in reading, writing, attending lectures, doing word games or puzzles once a week or more had memory scores similar to people with more education,” said Lachman.
The study, called Midlife in the United States, assessed 3,343 men and women between the ages of 32 and 84 with an average age of 56 years. Almost 40 percent of the participants had at least a 4-year college degree. The researchers evaluated how the participants performed in two cognitive areas, verbal (言语的)memory and executive function --- brain processes involved in planning, abstract thinking and cognitive flexibility. Participants were given a series of tests, including tests of verbal fluency, word recall, and backward counting.
As expected, those with higher education said they engaged in cognitive activities more often and also did better on the memory tests, but some with lower education also did well, explained Lachman.
“The findings are promising because they suggest there may be ways to level the playing field for those with lower educational achievement, and protect those at greatest risk for memory declines,” said Lachman. “Although we can not rule out the possibility that those who have better memories are the ones who take on more activities, the evidence is consistent with cognitive plasticity (可塑性), and suggests some degree of personal control over cognitive functioning in adulthood by adopting an intellectually active lifestyle.”
小题1: What is the text mainly about?
A．Higher education has a better cognitive advantage.
B．Better memories result from college degree.
C．Cognitive activity does good to one’s mind.
D．Poor education has more risk of memory declines.
小题2:According to the result of Margie Lachman’s study, we can conclude that ________.
A．education is responsible for the lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder
B．education early in adulthood can be the only route to maintain your memory
C．those with higher education did better on the memory tests than those with lower education
D．an intellectually active lifestyle does help to maintain your memory
小题3: What do we know about the study called Midlife?
A．Participants each were given a battery to test their memory.
B．The average age of the participants are 56 years old.
C．Participants had to perform in one of the two cognitive areas.
D．One in four of the participants had a 4-year college degree.
小题4:Why are the findings of the Lachman’s study promising?
A．The lower educated may have the same opportunities to keep up memory.
B．We may have ways to cure the people who have memory declines.
C．Adopting a different lifestyle can control cognitive functioning.
D．We can find out the possibility to have better memories.
I clearly remember my mom telling me to drink milk every day—one glass in the morning and another at night. I also remember loving it while my sister thought quite the opposite—she would surreptitiously pour her milk into the sink or water the plants with it! I guess I should thank my mom for making us drink a lot of milk, so rich in calcium(钙), during those important years.
Today, calcium shortage is one of the main concerns of women in their 30s or even early 20s. The great fear is that when we reach our 50s or 60s, osteoprosis(骨质疏松症)will set in. That is why you can see a lot of advertisements for products supposedly containing a lot of calcium.
Because calcium is not that easy to acquire from the food we normally eat, busy women these days should take calcium supplements(补充物). There are a lot of different forms of these---calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)，oyster(牡蛎)shell or bone-meal-based calcium supplements.
You have to be careful when choosing which kind to take. This is because calcium is not easily absorbed by the body. So the fact that you are taking supplements doesn’t mean that the body is actually benefiting from them. Different supplements may have different instructions on dosage(剂量)and manner of intake. You can ask your doctor to help you determine which supplement is the best for your needs.
小题1:From what the author’s mother did we may infer that___________________.
A．her children had osteoporosis
B．she knew her children would benefit from milk
C．she must have suffered from osteorosis
D．she didn’t like her daughter who didn’t obey her order
小题2: Based on the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．The author’s sister will suffer from osteoprosis when reaches her 50s or 60s
B．Many businessmen have already been selling products supposedly containing calcium.
C．We can’t get enough calcium only from food we eat every day
D．Women as young as their 20s should be concerned about calcium shortage
小题3:What does the underlined word “surreptitiously” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A．HonestlyB．FranklyC．SecretlyD．Curiously
小题4:We may infer from the last paragraph that____________________.
A．what one chooses as a calcium supplement might not work
B．one shouldn’t take in calcium without the permission of a doctor
C．the more calcium supplements one uses, the more calcium one can take in
D．it is dangerous to use calcium supplements without the guidance

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