题目内容
What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（脑震荡）in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外伤的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
小题1:The passage is most probably a _________________.
小题2:From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have _________________.
小题3:What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?
小题4:The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to ________________.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（脑震荡）in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外伤的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
小题1:The passage is most probably a _________________.
| A．news report | B．research report |
| C．story for soccer players | D．text for doctors |
| A．significant effect on one’s brain |
| B．little effect on one’s brain |
| C．nothing to do with the brain injury |
| D．one’s memory improved |
| A．Playing soccer frequently. | B．Tests of their memory. |
| C．White matter loss. | D．Information processing. |
| A．remembering | B．misunderstanding | C．recalling | D．missing |
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D
试题分析：
小题1:细节题，由第二段的第一句话For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults可以知道是研究报告，所以选B
小题2:细节题，由最后一段最后一句forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.可以知道重大影响人的大脑，所以选A
小题3:细节题，由倒数第三段的倒数第二行showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory可以知道是白质的损失，所以选C
小题4:推理题，由前面的单词forgetting可以推出那个词是丢失的意思，所以选D
点评：经过研究发现，踢足球可以对大脑造成影响，先通读全文，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。本文主要考查细节题，要求学生有很强的细节分析能力。
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