Question

【题目】To communicate with foreigners, it is important to know their social customs. 【1】 Otherwise you may hurt the feelings of the other party without actually intending to do so. Here are some general hints.

1. 【2】 Some Japanese seem to feel that it is impolite to ask back even when they don’t quite understand. However, it’s much better to say that you don’t understand than to pretend you understand and answer very unclearly. When you don’t understand or haven’t caught what was said, you may ask by saying any of the following.

“I’m afraid I don’t understand you. Would you mind saying it again?”

“I’m sorry I don’t follow you. ’’

2. Always answer when you are asked a question. Westerners consider it very rude if a question is not answered. They think it is rude to ignore a question. 【3】 So many Japanese, particularly girl students, merely laugh nervously without saying anything when they are spoken to. This, no doubt, comes from embarrassment, but nothing is more unpleasant for Westerners.

3. 【4】 Westerners express their opinions freely. They feel it is natural for people to have different ideas, and don’t mind hearing views that differ from their own. You may express frankly what you think or feel, of course, but you mustn’t be rude in your manner of speech. Flat statements such as “ You’re wrong.” “You don’t know.’’ etc, aren’t exactly had.

4. 【5】 The English use of “Yes” and “No” is the same as in Japanese in affirmative (肯定的) questions, but in negative questions the use is opposite. In ordinary English conversation it is usual to add something after them like “Yes, by all means.” “No, I really don't. May I see it?”

A. It is the same with the Japanese.

B. If you don't understand, don’t hesitate to ask.

C. Speak out what you think.

D. It is surprising to find Japanese are different.

E. This is especially true when carrying on a conversation.

F. Don’t answer too simply.

G. Be sure to give your different opinions.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】D

【4】C

【5】F

【解析】文章主要讲述了要与外国人交流，了解他们的社会风俗是很重要的。进行对话时尤其如此。

【1】考查推理判断以及上下文联系的能力。句意：在进行对话时尤其如此。根据上文“To communicate with foreigners, it is important to know their social customs.” 要与外国人交流，了解他们的社会风俗是很重要的。以及下文“Otherwise you may hurt the feelings of the other party without actually intending to do so.” 否则，你可能会伤害对方的感情，而实际上不打算这样做。可知对话中尤为重要。根据题意，故选E。

【2】考查推理判断以及上下文联系的能力。句意：如果你不明白，请尽管问。根据下文“However, it’s much better to say that you don’t understand than to pretend you understand and answer very unclearly. When you don’t understand or haven’t caught what was said, you may ask by saying any of the following.”然而，说出你不明白比假装明白而含糊回答要好。当你不明白或没有抓住所说的话时，你可以问以下任何一个问题。可知不懂就要立即问。根据题意，故选B。

【3】考查推理判断以及上下文联系的能力。句意：令人惊奇的发现日本人是不同的。根据上文“Westerners consider it very rude if a question is not answered. They think it is rude to ignore a question.” 西方人认为不回答问题是很粗鲁的。他们认为忽视问题是不礼貌的。以及下文“So many Japanese, particularly girl students, merely laugh nervously without saying anything when they are spoken to.” 许多日本人，尤其是女学生，只是在说话时紧张地笑着，什么话也不说。可知前后对比。日本人与西方人不同。根据题意，故选D。

【4】考查推理判断以及上下文联系的能力。句意：说出你的想法。根据下文“Westerners express their opinions freely.” 西方人自由表达意见。可知所填句子起总结作用。根据题意，故选C。

【5】考查推理判断以及上下文联系的能力。句意：不要回答得太简单。根据下文“In ordinary English conversation it is usual to add something after them like “Yes, by all means.” “No, I really don't. May I see it?”” 在普通英语会话中，通常会在后面加上“喜欢”，“不，我不喜欢，我可以看看吗？”可知回答不能太简单。根据题意，故选F。