题目内容
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B. run
C. to run
D. running
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British English and American English are almost the same. But there are slight differences between British and American English in vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling and grammar.
The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. Only a very small number of words are used disparately. For example, Americans would say “apartment”, but the British would say “flat” to talk about the place where they live. In addition to some common words, many idiomatic（惯用的）expressions are different. In England people might say “I’ll ring you up tonight”, but in the US, people might say “I’ll call you up tonight”.
The second difference between British and American English is in Pronunciation. The main difference in pronunciation concerns the vowels（元音）. Some American dialects and some British dialects use vowels in different ways. Sometimes, Americans and the British don’t understand each other’s pronunciation. But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other’s pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same.
The third difference is very small. This is the difference in spelling. A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English. The most common example is in a word like “center”. In British English, this word would be spelled C-E-N-T-R-E, while in American English the same word would be spelled C-E-N-T-E-R. Another example is “or” vs “our”. The word “color”is spelled C-O-L-O-U-R in Britain but C-O-L-O-R in the US.
There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British may say “Have you got..?” while Americans prefer “Do you have..?” An American might say “my friend just arrived”, but a British would say “my friend has just arrived”. Sometimes function words are used differently: the British may say “at the weekend”, but Americans would say “on the weekend”.
【小题1】What is this passage mainly about?
| A．The development of American English |
| B．Differences between British and American English |
| C．The influences of British English on American English |
| D．The causes of the differences between British and American English |
| A．Frequently | B．Regularly | C．Eventually | D．Differently |
| A．the different ways of using vowels |
| B．the different idiomatic expressions they use |
| C．the differences in grammar |
| D．the differences in spelling |
a. flavour b. theater c. humor d. centre e. kilometer f. honour g. color
| A．abce | B．bcde | C．bceg | D．defg |
| A．I’ll learn with you at the weekend |
| B．Have you got a dictionary? |
| C．I’ll ring her up tonight. |
| D．Do you have a pen? |
The word “conservation” has a thrifty（节俭）meaning. To conserve is to save and to protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; wood was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.
For the interests of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone’s daily life. To know about the water table（水位）in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds（上游源头森林地带集水区）need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield ( produce ) their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big nature trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume（容积量）above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
1. According to the author the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that _______.
|
A．they had no idea about scientific forestry |
|
B．they had little or no sense of environmental protection |
|
C．they did not realize the importance |
|
D．they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials |
2. It can be inferred from the passage that earlier generations didn’t realize _______.
|
A．the interdependence（相互依存）of water, soil, and living things |
|
B．the importance of the proper land use |
|
C．the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods |
|
D．the extraordinary rapid growth of population |
3.With a view to correcting the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that ______.
|
A．we plant more trees |
|
B．our forefathers be taught environmental science, as well as the science of plants |
|
C．environmental education be directed toward everyone |
|
D．we return to nature |
4.. What does the author imply（express indirectly）by saying “living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume（容积量）above the earth.”?
|
A．Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller. |
|
B．Our living space should be measured in cubic volume. |
|
C．We need to take some measures to protect space. |
|
D．We must create better living conditions for both birds and animals. |
5. The underlined word “restore” probably is closest to the meaning of “_________”.
|
A．put back |
B．bring back |
C．keep |
D．protect |