题目内容


British English and American English are almost the same. But there are slight differences between British and American English in vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling and grammar.
The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. Only a very small number of words are used disparately. For example, Americans would say “apartment”, but the British would say “flat” to talk about the place where they live. In addition to some common words, many idiomatic（惯用的）expressions are different. In England people might say “I’ll ring you up tonight”, but in the US, people might say “I’ll call you up tonight”.
The second difference between British and American English is in Pronunciation. The main difference in pronunciation concerns the vowels（元音）. Some American dialects and some British dialects use vowels in different ways. Sometimes, Americans and the British don’t understand each other’s pronunciation. But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other’s pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same.
The third difference is very small. This is the difference in spelling. A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English. The most common example is in a word like “center”. In British English, this word would be spelled C-E-N-T-R-E, while in American English the same word would be spelled C-E-N-T-E-R. Another example is “or” vs “our”. The word “color”is spelled C-O-L-O-U-R in Britain but C-O-L-O-R in the US.
There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British may say “Have you got..?” while Americans prefer “Do you have..?” An American might say “my friend just arrived”, but a British would say “my friend has just arrived”. Sometimes function words are used differently: the British may say “at the weekend”, but Americans would say “on the weekend”.
【小题1】What is this passage mainly about?

A．The development of American English
B．Differences between British and American English
C．The influences of British English on American English
D．The causes of the differences between British and American English
【小题2】What does the underlined word “disparately” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．FrequentlyB．RegularlyC．EventuallyD．Differently
【小题3】According to Paragraph 3, Americans and the British may find it hard to understand each other because of       .
A．the different ways of using vowels
B．the different idiomatic expressions they use
C．the differences in grammar
D．the differences in spelling
【小题4】Which of the following words probably belong to the American English vocabulary?
a. flavour    b. theater   c. humor   d. centre   e. kilometer   f. honour     g. color
A．abceB．bcdeC．bcegD．defg
【小题5】Which of the following sentences is most probably used by Americans?
A．I’ll learn with you at the weekend
B．Have you got a dictionary?
C．I’ll ring her up tonight.
D．Do you have a pen?


【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】D

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　　My husband and I are Danish(丹麦人). As a matter of fact, many of my ancestors were English：I was born in England and was originally of British nationality. My parents were killed in a car crash when I was a baby, so I was brought up in Denmark by my grandmother and educated in Danish schools so that Danish is really my native language.

　　We arrived in England last February at five o'clock on a Wednesday morning after a rough crossing. Waves were seemed as high as mountains rocked the boat from side to side. We were both sick on the journey and a fine drizzle(毛毛雨) met us as we got off the boat. To make matter worse, Klaus, my husband, left his camera on the ship; I lost my handbag (which was never been found to this day), and we nearly forgot to tip the taxi－driver, who complained about our luggage and seemed to be in a thoroughly bad temper. Few visitors can have experienced such an unfortunate beginning to their say, and we certainly felt like going straight home again.

　　We stayed for a week in a hotel, and were then lucky enough to find a furnished(有家具的) flat in the suburbs of London. It is not so convenient as our flat in Copenhagen (哥本哈根), but it is less expensive than some we saw in advertisements. Klaus is studying at the local Technical College and, in addition, he often attends public lectures at the University of London on as many subjects as possible, chiefly to improve his English. He is a qualified en gineer who has been employed for several years in a factory. Our two children have joined us and they are being educated in an English private school. I am working as a part－time nurse in hospital, and I have so much to do that I have almost no leisure time.

1．The writer said that Danish is really her native language because ________.

A：she is Danish by birth

B．her grandmother was Danish

C．Danish was the first language she learned

D．she went to school in Denmark

2．Which of these ideas is not suggested about the writer's arrival in England?

[　　]

A．It was bitterly cold.

B．It was still dark.

C．Neither the writer nor her husband was really well.

D．The weather was unpleasant.

3．Why does the writer say that they certainly felt like going straight home again?

[　　]

A．Because they didn't like the weather in London.

B．Because they had had too much trouble.

C．Because they had lost their luggage.

D．Because the taxi－driver was unkind to them.

4．Klaus attends University of London in order to ________.

[　　]

A．further his studies in the field of engineering

B．learn to be an engineer

C．learn more English

D．gain additional knowledge

5．From what the writer tells us in the passage we can infer that her two children ________.

[　　]

A．were not with her when she arrived in England

B．had been in England for some time when she arrived

C．spoke very good English

D．had to help their mother with the house work

Only one of the ancient wonders of the world still survives — now history lovers are being invited to choose a new list of seven.

An original list of nearly 200 sites nominated by the public was narrowed to 21 by the organizers and experts, including the former director general of Unesco Professor Federico Mayor.

The vote is organized by a non-profit Swiss Foundation called New 7 Wonders which specializes in the preservation (保存), restoration and promotion of monuments (纪念碑), and the results will be announced on July 7, 2009, in Lisbon.

About 20 million votes have already been lodged (提出) including many from India, for the Tai Mahal; China, for the Great Wall; Britain, for the Stonehenge; the only British landmark and from Peru, for Machu Picchu, the fortress city of the Local.

The other original seven wonders of the ancient world were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon; the Statue of Zeus at Olympia; the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus; the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus; the Colossus of Rhodes and the Lighthouse of Alexandria.

Tia Viering, spokeswoman for New 7 Wonders, said: “Apart from the Pyramids, the seven ancient wonders of the world no longer exist.”

The only standard for the new list is that the landmarks were built or discovered before 2000.

Votes can be made online, at www.new7wonders.com. To vote your favorite Natural site for the selection of New 7 Wonders of the World, you will need to be a member of New 7 Wonders Campaign. For

the membership form, simply go to http://www.new7wonders.com/nature/en/vote_on_nominees

and get registered with the required information and email address. After registration process is complete, you can vote your favorite sites.

60. Why does Swiss Foundation organized the vote?

A. Because they want to make money from it.

B. They want to protect the ancient landmarks.

C. They want to show their influence in the world.

D. The UN asked them to organize the vote.

61. The word “nominated” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.

A. officially selected                           B. carefully chose       

C. finally decided                        D. formally suggested

62. Which is the only survivor of the original seven wonders?

A. The Great Wall.                      B. The Stonehenge.

C. The Pyramids.                        D. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

63. The passage most probably appears _________.

A. on the internet                        B. in a magazine

C. in a textbook                                 C. in a diary
阅读理解。
     Forget chip fat, sugar cane or rapeseed oil-the latest source of biofuel could be watermelons.
     Scientists have discovered that the fruit is a great source of sugar that can be readily distilled (蒸馏) into
alcohol to power cars and farm machinery.
     And because sellers reject 360,000 tons of" substandard"fruit annually in America alone they could be used
as an economical way to make fuel.
     The waste from US growers could produce nearly two million gallons( nine million litres) of biofuel per
year.
     In the study, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture set out to determine the biofuel
potential of juice from rejected watermelons-those not sold due to cosmetic imperfec tions, and currently
ploughed back into the field.
     About a fifth of each annual watermelon crop is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or
because they are missha pen.
     Dr Wayne Fish, who led the team, found that 50 per cent of the fruit was fermentable(可发酵的) into
alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.
     "We've shown that the juice of these melons is a source of readily fermentable sugars, representing an
unexploited raw material for alcohol biofuel production," he said.
     The study, published in the journal Biotechnology for biofuels, discovered that watermelons could produce
around 20 gallons of fuel per acre from fruit that otherwise would go to waste.
     Production of biofuels has been targeted by western govern ments as a way to support renewable energy
targets.
     The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 per cent of transport fuels should come from biological
sources, but the target is unlikely to be met.
     The British government's Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation requires five per cent of the fuel sold at the
pump by 2010 to be biofuel.
1. The passage mainly tells us _____.
A. western countries aim at producing biofuels
B. watermelons could be used to make fuel
C. the advantages of fuel made from watermelons
D. watermelon juice will be the largest source of renewable en ergy
2. Which of the following is NOT the reason why so many water melons are deserted in America each year?
A. They are substandard.
B. They are imperfect.
C. They are misshapen.
D. They are oversupplied.
3. It can be learned from the text that _____.
A. sellers in the world throw away 360,000 tons of watermelons every year
B. about two gallons of fuel could be made from rejected fruit per acre
C. half of the watermelons were fermentable into alcohol to provide energy
D. five per cent of fuel is required to be biofuel from watermel ons by 2010 in Britain
4. The underlined word " cosmetic" in Paragraph 5 probably means _____.
A. inside
B. flavor
C. surface
D. freshness

"The last letter I hand wrote was to my grandmother, and she died a year ago, "says 24-year-old Fulham of London. "But now I don't even write Christmas cards-I just send ecards.

      Most young Britons share Fulham's writing habits. It seems that one of mankind's oldest communication methods is on the way out. But most British women don't want to see the end.The one reason is Sat they would much rather receive a handwritten letter from their beloved than text and messages. British graphologist White assesses job applicants' handwriting for  recruiters. White says it can "give a good indication of a person's personality structure and their  abilities".

      Fulham laughs at the idea that her writing was assessed before she was hired for her job. "My writing is so terrible I obviously wasn't tested," she says. But graphologists say bad handwriting is usually not a sign of laziness-often it reveals intelligence and enthusiasm. Well-known novelist July Cooper supports a government-backed effort to encourage the letter writing to improve adult literacy. After her first date with her future husband 45 years ago, he sent her a love letter. "I was totally bowled over that this tough guy could also express his feelings so en-chantingly, "  she says.

      "I actually feel embarrassed by my scribble," says Fulham. "Writing letters to my grand-mother was a bit of a chore, but in a way much more satisfying than sending e-mails. '

      After her grandmother passed away, Fulham was given back dozens of letters she had sent.She was" astonished'at how much her writing changed over the years.

1. From the passage we can see that

     A. more and more young British don't like letters

     B. more and more young British don't like handwriting

     C. more and more young British women want to receive love letters

     D. more and more young British pay attention to handwriting

2. What does the underlined word "enchantingly" in the third paragraph mean?

     A. Roughly          B. Politely          C. Attractively         D. Neatly

 3. Many companies use handwriting as a criterion because they think handwriting

     A. can reflect one's quality

     B. connects to one's feeling and love

     C. is usually a sign of laziness

     D. is the oldest communication method

 4. July Cooper thought

     A. government should encourage people to write romantic letters

     B. her future husband's handwriting was more like scribble

     C. handwriting means a lot to the recreations

     D. her husband's letter contributed to their marriage

5. When Fulham reread her letters to her grandmother she

     A. felt a bit embarrassed by her scribble

     B. found her handwriting improved over the years

     C. thought it was much more satisfying than sending e-mails

     D. thought writing letters to her grandmother was a bit of a chore

British psychologists have found evidence of a link between excessive （过度的） Internet use and depression, a research has shown．

Leeds University researchers, writing in the Psycho pathology journal, said a small part of Internet users were classed as Internet addicts and that people in this group were more likely to be depressed than non-addicted users．

The article on the relationship between excessive Internet use and depression is from a questionnaire-based study of 1，319 young people and adults．

The respondents answered questions about how much time they spent en the Internet and what they used it for; they also completed the Beck Depression Inventory—a series of questions designed to measure the seriousness of depression．

The six-page report, by the university's Institute of Psychological Sciences, said 18 of the people who completed the questionnaire were Internet addicts．

"Our research indicates that excessive Internet use is associated with depression, but hat we don't know is which comes first—adepressed! people drawn to the Internet or does he Internet cause depression?^ the article's lead author Dr Catriona Morrison said．"What is leadis that, for s small part of peoples, excessive use of the Internet could be a warning signal or depressive tendencies．"

The age range of all respondent? was between 16 and 51 years, with an average age of 1．24．The average age of the 18 Internet addicts was 18．3 years．By comparing the levels of depression within this group to that within a group of 18 non-addicted Internet users, researchers found the Internet addicts had a higher chance of developing depression than non-addicts．They also discovered that addicts spent more time visiting sexually pleasing websites, online gaming sites and online communities．

"The public speculation （推测） was further proved by this study．That's to say, over-engaging in websites which serve to replace normal social function might be linked to psychological disorders like depression and addiction," Morrison said "We now need to consider the wider social influences of this relationship and clearly prove the effects of excessive Internet use on mental health．”

67．Internet addicts are people who _____ according to the passage．

       A．use the Internet more than enough      B．feel depressed when using the Internet

       C．seldom connect to the Internet               D．feel depressed without the Internet

68．What is confirmed by the study according to the passage?

       A．Depression leads to excessive use of Internet．

       B．Depression results from excessive use of Internet

       C．Excessive use of Internet usually accompanies depression．

       D．Excessive use of Internet is usually earlier to depression．

69．It is thought by the public that online communities             .

       A．can never replace normal social function

       B．are intended to replace normal social function

       C．are associated with psychological disorders

       D．shouldn't take the blame for psychological disorders

70．According to Dr Catriona Morrison, the public speculation           .

       A．lacks scientific evidence                   B．helps clarify their study

       C．finds a theoretical basis                    D．has little scientific value

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