题目内容

                 C ★★★★★

    Over the past decade,there have been many scientific studies on the digital (数字的) activity of people,such as making mobile calls,texting,e-mailing,and posting on social media. Nearly all human behavior leaves a digital footprint. Therefore,scientists can use such digital activity as a way to track human activity. For example,they can study differences between cultures in sleep patterns,work schedules,and spare time activities.

    Researchers from Finland and Denmark use a completely new approach to study digital rhythms (规律) .Previous studies focused on general patterns across large numbers of people. However,this time researchers focus. on pronounced,long-term differences in rhythm between inid?viduals. They show that people tend to have their personal rhythm of digital activity. It is stable like a personal signature 。(签名)

    “Each individual follows their own daily rhythm ,” says Talayeh,who led the research. “In almost every case,the patterns differ strongly from the average behavior,for example by increased calling frequency during mornings,mid-days,or evenings ,” says Talayeh. What drives these individual differences is not yet clear. Geographical and cultural differences clearly play a role. “There could also be an effect of (生理学) .We see this research as the first step to understand how activity patterns are related to other people's characteristics,such as personality and mobility behavior,” say Talayeh.

    This finding could also have medical use. Digital rhythms could be monitored for patients with mental health problems. Sudden changes in patients’digital rhythms could be a sign that treatment may be necessary. “Combining this research with Big Data may also bring new ways of research in sleep studies ,” concludes Talayeh.

9. What do scientists use the digital activity of people to do?

   A. To make their research easier.

   B. To know about people's behavior.

   C. To aid the development of social media.

   D. To reduce people's dependence on mobile phones.

10. Which of the following can best describe digital rhythms?

   A. Natural but casual.

   B. Personal and fixed.

   C. Different but unclear.

   D. Changeable and mysterious.

11. According to Talayeh,digital rhythms .

   A. have nothing to do with personality

   B. have a great effect on everyday habits 

   C. may have something to do with culture   

    D. can help ?ie development of physiology 

12. What is the use of digital rhythms in the medical field?

   A. They can help avoid patients’ sleep problems.

   B. They will change the ways doctors do their work,

   C. They could free people of mental problems.

   D. They may tell whether a patient is well.

9.B 10.B 11.C 12.D

C篇人们在使用电子产品方面有固定的规律,这 种规律可以在很多方面得以应用。

9.B. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的scientists can use such digital activity as a way to frack human activity in genera可知,科学家们可以利 用人们使用电子产品方面的规律研究人们在行 为方面的特点。

10.B. 推断理解题。根据第二段中的Ueyshow that people tend to have the? personal rhythm of digital activity. It is stable like a personal signature可知,人们使用电子产品方面的规律具有个性和稳定性。

11.C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的What drives these individual differences is not yet clear. Geographical and cultural differences clearly play a role可知,使用电子产品的规律与文化有一定关系。

12.D. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Sudden changes in patients’ digital rhythms could be a sign that treatment may be necessary 可知,病人 使用电子产品的规律能反应病人的病情状况。

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    阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    The last thing Kim Powell-Woods wanted for her birthday was a newspaper story. But her day on Wednesday was just too 21 to ignore. Instead of a traditional 22 with gifts and a birthday cake,the woman wanted 23 . For her 35th birthday,she planned to do 35 acts of kindness for 24 .

   “I thought of it a couple weeks ago,and I sat down one afternoon and 25 making a list of things I could do,“ she said. Her job as a 911 operator (接线员) put her in touch with people who were having veiy 26 days. She wanted a day when she might help people have a good day.

    She started at 5 a.m. At a 27 station,she helped a woman who was trying to 28 some household things. She needed money to buy gas to get to work. Kim 29 that gas. The woman smiled at her with a look of 30 . Kim had made some 31 the night before and packed lunches for other strangers. She 32 the lunches at the bus stop at noon. She 33 what it was like to ride the bus and have no plan for 34 . It was a feeling of sadness.

    She some bus tokens (代币) for other people and 36 dropped off gifts at the Salvation Army,Harbor House and some homeless shelters. uAnd my daughter told me about a (n) 37 who needed a lift at her school,38 I took meals from McDonald's out there. I’11 probably 39 this again,but I’ll wait for a 40 day,like my 40th birthday,she said.

21. A. boring   B. quiet   C. unusual   D. terrible

22. A. conference   B. celebration    C. performance   D. program

23. A. smiles   B. kisses    C. comfort   D. freedom

24. A. families   B. strangers   C. friends   D. neighbors

25. A. avoided   B. stopped   C. regretted   D. started

26. A. great   B. different   C. bad   D. strange

27. A. train   B. bus   C. radio   D. gas

28. A. share   B. throw   C. sell   D. repair

29. A. worried about   B. looked for    C. depended on   D. paid for

30. A. forgiveness   B. thankfulness    C. pride   D. fear

31. A. sandwiches   B. models   C. clothes   D. notes

32. A. gave away   B. thought of   C. picked up   D. searched for

33. A. enjoyed   B. explained   C. knew   D. reported

34. A. house   B. honor   C. dress   D. lunch

35. A. borrowed   B. bought   C. produced   D. wasted

36. A. also   B. again   C. seldom   D. never

37. A. actor   B. customer   C. student   D. doctor

38. A. because   B. or   C. before   D. so

39. A. accept   B. do   C. show   D. forget

40. A. big   B. rainy   C. short   D. busy



    Downtown Artisan ’ s Club Art Exhibit 

    Please mark Saturday,October 21,on your calendars so that you can attend the Downtown Artisan's Club Art Exhibit!

    There will be beautiful works of art and pottery (陶器) ,created by the Downtown Artisan's Club,available for showing as well as for sale. The highly talented young artists have worked all summer to prepare for this event. Visitors will have an opportunity to meet these talented artists. All income from this event will be used for the continued operations of the Downtown Artisan's Club,which provides amazing classes and support for young artists.

     Tickets are on sale now and are available for $10 (adults) and $5 (students) . Children under the age of 12 will be admitted for free.

     The Downtown Artisan,s Club looks forward to seeing you there!Please get in touch with coordinator (协调员) Jim Hamilton at (905) 412-8980 for more information.

          Deadline is coming closer!

     To all our talented young artists 一 get ready for our coming Art Exhibit on October 21 !As you all know — our Downtown Artisan,s Club Art Exhibit is coming up exactly one month from today.

     Paintings,drawings,sculptures and writings will be needed — for both the show and the sale!

     Don’t forget to have them completed and handed in by next Friday.

     Remember,there will also be cash awards,judged by our group of art reviewers,and the winning pieces will be shown in our Art Book. The artists of the winning pieces will also be invited to attend the two-week summer art c?mp in Paris next summer.

     Have flm — and please submit (提交) your artwork on time!

13. For whom is the first announcement intended?

   A. Young artists. B. Art reviewers.

    C. Club members. D. General visitors.

14. How much should a couple with two kids under 12 pay for the exhibit?

   A. 20 dollars. B. 25 dollars,

    C. 30 dollars. D. 35 dollars.

15. When was “Deadline is coming closer!” posted?

   A. On August 21.    B. On September 21

    C. On October 21.    D. On November 21

16. What are the young artists asked to do by next Friday?

   A. Come to the club.

   B. Pay the service fee.

    C. Submit their artwork.

   D. Speak to the coordinator.

          D ★★★☆☆

    Humans have been building walls for thousands of years. Over 2,000 years ago the Roman Emperor Hadrian visited the areas of England that he ruled. He wanted to protect England from being attacked by Scotland. So he decided to build a wall. The finished wall crossed the island from the Irish Sea to the North Sea. Today,people can visit some remains of the wall.

    In the past,governments often solved conflicts (冲突) by talking. But,when governments couldn’t make peace,they might build a wall instead. This is the case with a group of walls in Northern Ireland. For over 30 years there was a conflict between different political groups. It was not a religious conflict,but the people who are fighting with each other mainly belonged to two different Christian groups: Catholic and Protestant. 

    The war ended in 1998 but there are 99 peace lines in Belfast now. Some people still believe the walls are necessary for preventing violence. But most want them gone. In May 2013,Leaders of Northern Ireland and the UK agreed to remove all Peace Walls;by 2023.

    Walls often exist at country borders,aimed to keep out people from another country,such as the :border between Mexico and the US. Thousands of Mexicans try to cross the border illegally every year which is dangerous. Security forces guard the border;with guns. The border is in a desert area. So even if a person gets across the wall,he may die of hunger or thirst.

    In the 1980s the Czech Republic was part of Czechoslovakia. John Lennon became a symbol of peace in Czechoslovakia. John Lennon was a member of the popular music group The Beatles. He was murdered on December 8 ,1980. After his death someone painted his image on a wall in the city. The Lennon Wall is a symbol of peace and love.

13. The Roman Emperor Hadrian expected the wall could.

   A. serve to protect England

   B. keep Scotland under his control

    C. reduce the violent winds from the North Sea   

    D. offer people a platform t? enjoy the Irish Sea 

14. The group of walls in Northern Ireland .

   A. led to political conflicts

   B. were the result of religious conflicts 

    C. were built to prevent violence

   D. have been pulled down due to people’s requirements 

15. What is special about the wall between Mexico and the US?

   A. It is of great height.

   B. It can prot?ct desert plants.

    C. Its desert conditions reduce illegal border crossings.

   D. There are no armed guards to protect it.

16. What can be inferred about the Lennon Wall?

   A. It tells people Lennon is a national hero.

   B. It is there to remember Lennon's gift for music,

   C. It praises what Lennon did for his music band.

   D. It expresses people's wish for peace and love.

 

       B   ★★★★☆

    American restaurants have been talking about abolishing tipping for years. Now a major New York City restaurant group has announced a no-tip policy. The debate is starting to boil.

    When Danny Meyer,the boss of the restaurant group,talks,people listen. He's been right before. When he (禁止) smoking at Union Square Cafe,he was told he’d go out of business. However,his business improved. Ten years later,smoking in restaurants was against the law. Starting in November 2015,tipping began to be abolished at his 13 restaurants,the first major restaurant group to do this. It's been all over the news and everyone has an opinion. “Why not earlier?” some say. “Americans will not,” others insist.It’s clear that tipping is just the tip of the iceberg (冰山) .Beneath the surface are questions of pay fairness,labor law and rising costs. Tipping was borrowed from Europe more than a century ago and has been abolished there. But here,it's a deep-rooted American cultural practice.

    Usually,servers know there’s a higher chance that they’11 get a bigger tip on a bigger check,so they may push for more expensive items on the menu. Or they may rush customers out quickly to make room for new diners (and more tips!) . Basically,they may adjust accordingly to serve only the people they think will be the best tippers. Therefore,it is bad for customers.

    Besides,many servers puKtips together,so your reward is shared. Tips provide  large part of their income. But that money can't be shared legally with the un-tipped,low-paid kitchen workers. No wonder there's a growing labor shortage in restaurant kitchens. Meyer tried to abolish tipping 20 years ago,but the waiters disagreed. Is the time right now? The dining world will listen and watch.

5. We can learn from Danny Meyer’s story that

   A. people suggested he run more restaurants

   B. his ban on smoking succeeded beyond expectations

    C. his business failed because of his ban on smoking   

    D. he was threaten to shut his business

6. According to Paragraph 3 ,tipping .

   A. is quite popular in Europe

   B. is against labor law in America 

    C. spreads from Europe to America

   D. is disliked by most people in America

7. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

   A. How customers tip.

   B. What servers do to get tips,

    C. How tipping came about.

   D. What customers think of tips.

8. Why are kitchen workers in short supply?

   A. They can't get tips.

.   B. Their income isn’t fixed,

    C.They can't see customers.

   D. Their work is very boring.

                     C ★★★★☆

    Food can be a great cause. And just like people,animals often get quite creative when they’ re in the mood for a meal or treat. Now a video shows Asian elephants cleverly blow air to move food.

    Kaori Mizuno and colleagues worked with two female Asian elephants,Mineko and Suzuko. The two elephants lived in an area surrounded by a U-shaped ditch(壕沟) .The ditch was just shallow enough that an elephant could reach an object on the bottom with its trunk(象鼻) .But it couldn’t reach an object on the far side of this ditch. This let Mizuno’s team set up a difficulty for the animals. They xegularly set out tasty treats,apples,bamboo,potatoes or fallen leaves on the far side of the ditch. Both elephants were caught on film blowing their trunks to draw the food. Each would reach out her trunk,aim backwards a bit and then blow out a few puffs of air. That drove the food so that it was close enough to catch. Mineko used fewer puffs,blew longer and aimed better than Suzuko.

    Scientists once believed that only humans used tools. It's worth looking at the elephants’ behavior again. Is trunk-blowing considered tool use? The classic definition of a tool is “the external (外部的) employment of an unattached environmental object.w Air is not an “object ,” So it may not qualify. But what may be more important to consider is the thinking processes that drive the behavior.

    The researchers are unsure how the elephants picked up this trunk-blowing behavior. They might have done it by accident. But the fact that two females living together are both showing the same behavior suggests that one elephant may have copied it. And let’s hope so. After all,elephant trunk-blowing might be entertaining.

9. What has Kaori Mizuno5 s team found out?

   A. Elephants eat too much.

   B. Elephants can bring food closer.

    C. Elephants are popular with people.

   D. Elephants are brave to do dangerous things.

10. What was the function of the ditch in the experiment?

   A. Toserveasachallenge.

   B. To protect the elephants.

    C. To make the elephants excited.

   D. To make the elephants’ habitat larger.

11. According to Paragraph 3 ,the research .

   A. gives the definition of a tool

   B. proves elephants use tools too

    C. shows elephants are important animals   

    D. suggests attention be paid to the drive of trunk-blowing 

12. The underlined word “so” in the last paragraph refers to.

   A. elephants are good at playing tricks

   B. elephants can learn from each other 

    C. elephants pick up the food by chance

   D. elephants are cleverer than other animals 


                      B   

    It’s October,and what better way to kick off Anti-bullying(反欺负) Month than with a great read ? FJLAWD: How to StoP Hating Yourself,Others,and the Things That Make You Who You Are — a book by Emily-Anne Rigal and co-author Jeanne DemerS - is all about encouraging teens to face and accept their (弱点) .The book is a must-read for every teenager,but it can even teach adults about self-acceptance.

   Emily-Anne Rigal,21, is the founder of an online community called WeStopHate. The organiza-tion began as a YouTube channel and grew to include other platforms like Facebook,Twitter,Instagram and more. "WeStopHate is all about raising self-esteem in Jeens as a way to fight against bullying”r Rigal says. If you feel good about yourself,you re not going to hate yourself,and you,re not going to hate others. People who are hurt are likely to hurt other people.? And she knows this firsthand.

   Growing up,Rigal was bullied a lot and she had to change schools. Then at her new middle school she changed roles and became a bully,but she didn' t feel great about it. She often found herself annoyed on the bus ride home,wondering why she behaved so meanly. It wasn't  until she began to accept herself that she treated others with that same level of respect.

   With the help of her co-author Demers Rigal watched more than 100 WeStopHate videos from teens and chose the best pieces of advice and included them in her book. Because so many teens talked about flaws holding them back,Rigal decided to make it the focus of the book.

  “We live in a culture that makes us believe that :we’ re not good enough. If only we had X or Y or Z,we’d be happier and better. The key message in the book is that just as we are — flawed and powerful we are good enough ,” says Rigal.

5. The book written by Rigal and Demers .

   A. is a best seller in October

   B. helps teens make new friends 

    C. celebrates Anti-Bullying Month   

    D. is good for both teens and adults

6. What makes Rigal understand people's bullying behavior after they are bullied?

   A. Books on bullying.

   B. Videos on bullying,

    C. Her own experience.

   D. Her interview with teens.

7. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

   A. Being a bully.    B. Hating herself,

    C. Getting bullied.   D. Changing schools.

8. In the last paragraph,Rigal mainly encourages teens to .

   A. change the world

   B. accept who they are 

    C. fight against bullying

   D. try to show their better self

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