题目内容

New York(Reuters)--Foods that fill you up without packing a ton of calories can help in the battle of obesity(肥胖),results of a new study suggest.

In the study,obese women who reduced the “energy density” of their diet by cutting their intake of fats and adding more fruits and vegetables lost more weight over a 12-month period,and felt less hungry,than those who simply reduced their fat intake.

“Adding low calorie-dense foods into the diet is an effective way of lowering calories and reducing hunger when you are trying to lose weight,” Dr Julia A Ello-Martin said.

One of the reasons people don't stick to a weight-loss diet is hunger.Ello-Martin and her colleagues guessed that a diet that controls hunger by encouraging dieters-to fill up on low energy-density foods may improve adherence(坚持),as well as increase weight loss.

For the study,97 obese women were randomly assigned to a group that was advised to decrease their intake of fats or one that was told to decrease their fat intake and increase low energy-density foods,particularly fruits arid: vegetables.Twelve months later,weight had come off the women in both groups.The women in the fruit and vegetable group,however,lost 7.9kg,in comparison to 6.4kg among the others.

The women in the fruit and vegetable group also experienced less hunger than tile women who only reduced their fat intake,study findings show.

Although the study' lasted only one year,Ello-Martin guesses the dieters may be able to keep their weight loss and dietary changes over a longer period

“They are getting to eat foods that are helping them not feel hungry,” she said.“What's more,the study didn't have that hideous approach of having to count calories even day.”

1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.Fruits and vegetables make a difference to weight loss.

B.Better eat legs to lose weight effectively.

C.Low energy-density foods help lose weight.

D.Losing weight is good for health.

2.According to the passage,which is WRONG about the Women in the fruit and vegetable group in the study?

A.They lost more weight than the group who simply reduced their fat intake.

B.Adding low energy-density foods helps them reduce their hunger.

C.Eating low energy-density foods helps them lose more weight.

D.The study about them lasted one year and didn't work out well.

3.From the passage we can learn that _________.

A.only reducing the intake of fats is an effective Way of losing weight

B.the way of weight loss can add to the trouble of calculating calories

C.eating low energy-density foods may have a side effect on people's health

D.many people tailed to lose weight partly because they couldn’t stand hunger

4.The underlined word “randomly” in Paragraph 5 most likely means “_________” .

A.clearly                                               B.not decided in advance

C.secretly                                      D.loosely

5.In which page will the news probably appear in the newspaper?

A.Frontier Science                                      B.Show Business

C.Sports & Travel                               D.Health & Fitness

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New York Times-The already crazed competition for admission to the nation’s most famous universities and colleges became even more intense (激烈的) this year, with many recording the lowest acceptance rates.
Harvard College, for example, offered admission to only 7.1 percent of the 27,462 high school seniors who applied — or, put another way, it rejected 93 of every 100 applicants, many with extraordinary achievements, like a perfect score on one of the SAT exams. Yale College accepted 8.3 percent of its 22,813 applicants. Both rates were records.
Columbia College admitted 8.7 percent of its applicants, Brown University and Dartmouth College about 13 percent, and Bowdoin College and Georgetown University 18 percent — also records.
“We love the people we admitted, but we also love a very large number of the people who we were not able to admit,” said William R. Fitzsimmons, dean (主任) of admissions and financial aid at Harvard College.
Some colleges said they placed more students on their waiting lists than in recent years, in part because of uncertainty over how many admitted students would decide to enroll (登记入学). Harvard and Princeton stopped accepting students through early admission this academic year; that meant that more than 1,500 students who would have been admitted in December were likely to have applied to many famous schools in the regular round.
Many factors contributed to the tightening of the competition at the most selective colleges, admissions deans said. The number of high school graduates in the nation has grown each year over the last decade and a half, experts estimate that the figure will reach the highest point this year or next, which might reduce the competition a little.
Other factors were the ease of online applications, expanded financial aid packages, an ambitious students’ applying to ever more colleges.
1.What’s the passage mainly about?
A.Harvard has the lowest admission rate this year.
B.Many factors have led to the intense competition.
C.Famous universities prefer to have more students on their waiting lists.
D.Admission to famous universities became even more difficult this year.
2.Which of the following has the highest acceptance rate this year?
A.Yale College.                 B.Georgetown University.  
C.Columbia College.         D.Dartmouth College.
3.How many of the 20,000 applicants would be rejected by Columbia College this year?
A.18,260     B.1,740        C.18,350         D.1,950


三节.阅读理解(40%)
阅读理解下面的短文,然后按要求答题。
I was born in New York, but I grew up in San Francisco. I began to live in London 25 years ago. If I am asked now where I want to live forever, I would say London. But I will always be American.
San Francisco, like London, has many parks. Every day my sisters and I were taken to play in the parks as children. I didn't go to school. I only had three hours of formal education when I was five. I was sent to school in the morning but came home at noon on the first day. I said I didn't enjoy it and hadn't learned anything. My parents thought that school was unsuitable for me. They agreed with me, so I never went back to school.
Then my mother taught me and my two sisters at home, in the way of an English lady who had good education. We learned languages and reading more than sciences and maths. Sometimes she taught us herself, but we also had other teachers. They asked us to take lessons every day. About once a week we walked to Golden Gate Park. While we were walking, my mother taught me to read music. One day I noticed a little toy train in the window of a shop and I remember now how I'd like to have it. I couldn't say "r" when I was small. My mother said if I could say an "r" well, I would have the toy train. I practiced and practiced. Then one morning I woke everybody up with my "r"s. I got the toy train. I usually get the things I want in life — but I work hard for them.
1 The writer ___ .
A. was born in San Francisco      B. likes living in London
C. is living in New York now      D. doesn't like America
2. The writer didn't go to school in America because ___ .
A. his mother wanted him to go to school in English
B. his parents didn't think formal education was right for him
C. his mother wanted him to play outdoors in the parks
D. he couldn't get on well with the other children
3. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The writer was taught by his mother and other teachers.
B. The writer had no education at all.
C. The writer didn't have lessons every day.
D. The writer walked to the park to learn languages once a week.
4. The writer got the little toy train at last because ___ .
A. his mother gave him the money
B. he tried his best to read music
C. he wanted it very much
D. his mother was pleased with his progress

Can you understand the beginning of this essay?
“My smmr hols wr CWOTT. B4, we usd 2go2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & 3 kds FTF.”
The Scottish teacher who received it in class had no idea what the girl who wrote it meant. The essay was written in a form of English used in cell phone text messages. Text messages (also called SMS2) through cell phones became very popular in the late 1990s. At first, mobile phone companies thought that text messaging would be a good way to send messages to customers, but customers quickly began to use the text messaging service to send messages to each other. Teenagers in particular enjoyed using text messaging, and they began to create a new language for messages called texting.
A text message is limited to 160 characters, including letters, spaces, and numbers, so messages must be kept short. In addition, typing on the small keypad of a cell phone is difficult, so it’s common to make words shorter. In texting, a single letter or number can represent a word, like “r” for “are,”“u” for “you,” and “2” for “to.” Several letters can also represent a phrase, like “lol” for “laughing out loud.” Another characteristic of texting is the leaving out of letters in a word, like spelling “please” as “pls.”
Some parents and teachers worry that texting will make children bad spellers and bad writers. The student who wrote the essay at the top of this page said writing that way was more comfortable for her. (The essay said, “My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three kids face to face.”)
Not everyone agrees that texting is a bad thing. Some experts say languages always evolve, and this is just another way for English to change. Other people believe texting will disappear soon. New technology for voice messages may soon make text messages a thing of the past.
【小题1】What is the writer’s opinion of text messaging?

A.It is fun and easy to do.
B.It is not bad for children.
C.It will make children bad writers.
D.The writer does not give an opinion.
【小题2】Which characteristic of texting is NOT described in the passage?
A.Using phrases to represent essays
B.Using numbers to represent words
C.Using letters to represent phrases
D.Using letters to represent words
【小题3】Which of the following was most probably the title of the student’s essay?
A.My Gr8 TchrB.CU in LAC.My GFD.My Smmr Hols
【小题4】   Why do some people think that texting is bad?
A.It costs too much.B.It’s too difficult to type.
C.Children won’t learn to write correctly.D.It’s not comfortable.
【小题5】Why aren’t some people worried about the effect of texting?
A.Not many people use texting.
B.Spelling in English is too difficult.
C.Children quickly become bored with texting.
D.Texting will disappear because of new technology.

In modern society, receiving systematic college education seems a necessary way for success as a graduate from first-class university may always get more opportunities than others. However, if it is gold, it will shine one day. In this article, we will get to know three most successful people in U.S. who never finished their college education. Following experiences of these successful dropouts may give you some inspiration.
1. Bill Gates
Harvard’s campus paper “Harvard Crimson” called Bill Gates “Harvard’s most successful dropout,” while the rest of the world preferred to name him “the world’s richest man” for more than a decade. Now, even not on the top, he is still among the list of the world’s wealthiest people.Gates entered Harvard in the fall of 1973. Two years later, he dropped out to found Microsoft with friend Paul Allen. And in 2007, he finally received an honorary doctorate from Harvard.
2. Steve Jobs
The iPad, even Buzz Lightyear probably wouldn’t have existed if Steve Jobs stayed in school. Because his family couldn’t afford his college education, Jobs had to drop out of Reed College just after entering for 6 months. Then he found Apple, NeXT Computer and Pixar, which had made great influences on development of modern technique and culture. However, this wizard thought that his brief college education was not worthless.
3. Frank Lloyd Wright
As the America’s most celebrated architect, Wright spent more time on designing colleges rather than attending classes in them. Once spent one year in the University of Wisconsin-Madison, then he left for Chicago and started to learn from Louis Sullivan, the “father of modernism." Wright’ s splendid resume included more than 500 works, most famous of which are Fallingwater and New York City's Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
【小题1】 What does“dropouts”in Paragraph One mean?

A.Hardworking students.B.Very successful students.
C.Students failing to finish their school education.D.Students from poor families.
【小题2】Which of the following is right according to Paragraph One?
A.People graduating from famous universities are more likely to get jobs.
B.Many successful people had the experience of giving up their school education.
C.If one has a lot of gold, he will become very rich one day.
D.We should stop our college education to follow in those successful people’s steps.
【小题3】According to the writer, Bill Gates _________.
A.is richer than any other man in the world
B.is well-known in Harvard University
C.finally finished his study at Harvard and got a doctorate degree
D.is the only founder of Microsoft
【小题4】Which of the following statements can’t be learned from the last two paragraphs?
A.The reason for Jobs’ dropping his college education is that his parents couldn’t pay for it.
B.Jobs thought his six-month college education gave him no help.
C.Wright’s teacher was a very famous artist.
D.Wright is the designer of New York City’s Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
【小题5】 What does the author want to tell us in this passage?
A.Successful people often have unordinary life experience.
B.College education is not so important to one’s success.
C.People from poor families are more likely to give up their college education.
D.Even without college education, one can still achieve success with one’s hard work.

B

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player when repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a ________.

A.news report                           B.research report

C.story for soccer players                   D.text for doctors

2. In which way can researchers find the structural changes in the brain?

A.Computerized test                       B.Questionnaire

C.Scanning                              D.M.R.I. technique

3. From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have ________.

A.significant effect on brain                 B.little effect on one’s brain

C.nothing to do with the brain injury           D.one’s memory improved

4.What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?

A.Playing soccer frequently                 B.Tests of their memory

C.White matter loss                       D.Information processing

5.The underlined word “fumbling” is closest in meaning to ________?

A.remembering      B.misunderstanding   C.recalling          D.missing

 

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