题目内容

14.The behavior of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC).The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放)by 80percent by 2050,part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero carbon by 2016.But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own-though extremely important-is not enough to achieve such reductions:the behavior of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency,which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
"Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,"explains Katy Janda,a UKERC senior researcher,"consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design."In other words,old habits die hard,even in the best designed eco home.
Another part of the problem is information.Households and bill payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy use habits.Without specific information,it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices.Feedback(反馈) facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behavior directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension,suggesting that individuals'behavior in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted-whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器),for example.
Janda argues that education is the key.She calls for a focused program to teach people about buildings and their own behavior in them.

32.As to energy use,the new research from UKERC stresses the importance ofD.
A.zero carbon homes            
B.the reduction of carbon emissions
C.sustainable building design        
D.the behavior of building users
33.The underlined word"which"in Paragraph 2refers to"B".
A.their homes   
B.existing efforts 
C.developments 
D.the ways
34.What are Katy Janda's words mainly about?A
A.The importance of changing building users'habits.
B.The necessity of making a careful building design.
C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D.The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
35.The information gap in energy useC.
A.affects the study on energy monitors
B.brings about problems for smart meters
C.can be bridged by feedback facilities
D.will be caused by building users'old habits.

分析 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述英国承诺,到2050年,英国的二氧化碳的排放减少80%.英国能源研究中心的研究发现,可持续发展建筑物的设计很重要,而改变其使用者的习惯也很重要.说明建筑物的使用者的行为至少和它的设计一样的重要,即人们家庭对于能源的消费量直接影响我们的生活环境的质量.

解答 32.D 细节理解题.根据文章第一段首句"The behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC)."可知:根据英国能源研究中心的研究,建筑物使用者的行为也许至少和它的设计一样重要.故答案D正确.
33.B 词义判断题.此题考查which引导的非限定性定语从句,which指代的是先行词existing efforts现有的努力.故答案B正确.
34.A 推理判断题.根据文章第三段Katy Janda 的话"consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design."以及后面的"In other words,old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home."可知建筑物使用者改变习惯的重要性.故A正确.
35.C 细节理解题.根据文章第四段"Feedback (反馈) facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use"可知反馈设备能够缩短信息差距.故C正确.

点评 本文是一个科教类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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4.The old shopkeeper led me through to the back of the shop.The room was filled with boxes and dusty photographs of people holding packages in their hands.
Mr.Hopkins said,"We have a very wide choice of items for sale.Whenever I serve a new customer,I take his picture."Mr.Hopkins pointed to an ancient camera on a table.
I began to appreciate the lovely items on sale.I spent a very pleasant hour being shown the commodities in the shop.Finally,I bought an antique jewelry box,a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine.
I was very excited that I had found such a good little shop."I will tell all my friends about your lovely place."I told the shopkeeper."Please don't do that,sir."said Mr.Hopkins."This is a special place for special people.You must keep this shop a secret."Then he took my photograph and handed me the picture straight away.
"That was quick!"I exclaimed.In the picture I looked proud and excited holding the presents I had bought there.
On Christmas Day,my friends and relatives were delighted with the presents I had bought for them.
For weeks,my brother begged me to take him to the wonderful little shop.I finally agreed.
We walked along Oxford Street,past the department store and found---nothing.In its place was an empty space being used as a car park.I checked the area again.There was the music shop,and there was the department store.In between should have been Hopkins and Son,but it wasn't there.
Just then,an old policeman came."Are you looking for something,sir?"he asked."I am looking for a little shop called Hopkins and Son."
"Oh yes,there was a shop here'once called Hopkins and Son.But it was knocked down over 30 years ago."
I looked again at the place,then I reached into my pocket and took out the photograph that Mr.Hopkins had taken of me holding my presents in the little shop.
"How strange!"I screamed.

24.What did the author think of Hopkins and Son?D
A.Big and modem.
B.Old and outdated.
C.Little and dusty.
D.Lovely and wonderful.
25.We can infer from Paragraph 4 that Mr.HopkinsB.
A.was ashamed of his little shop
B.didn't like his shop to be advertised
C.was one of the author's special friends
D.handed the author his picture immediately
26.What does the underlined word"commodities"refer to?A
A.The goods in the shop.
B.The author's gifts.
C.Photographs taken by Mr.Hopkins.
D.Packages held by other customers.
27.What can we learn about the shop?D
A.It was closed by the police.
B.It was well-known in that area.
C.It was knocked down a few weeks ago.
D.It was between a music shop and a department store.
5.We might not be alone in the universe.Actually,it may be confirmed as a very crowded place by new computer models developed to help identify habitable planets.
Estimates of places where life can exist have been based on the possibility of them having surface water.But software recently developed by the Aberdeen University allows researchers to identify planets with underground water kept liquid by heat from planets.
Water is fundamental for life and planets too close to the sun lose water to the atmosphere through evaporation.On the other hand,planets located in distant reaches from their star have their surface water locked away as ice.
Sean McMahon,who is carrying out the work,explained:"Traditionally people have said that if a planet is in this Goldilocks zone-not too hot and not too cold-then it can have liquid water on its surface and be habitable."
But this concept might change when considering that planets can receive two sources of heat-heat direct from the star and heat generated deep inside the planet.
It is easy to observe it in our own planet.As you go down through the crust  of the Earth,the temperature gets higher and higher.Even when the surface is frozen,water can exist below ground.
There could be immense quantities of water in fact-full of primitive life.
Professor John Parnell,also from Aberdeen University said:"There is a significant habitat for microorganisms below the surface of the Earth,extending down several kilometers".
"And some believe that the majority of life on Earth could even reside in this deep biosphere."
So the Aberdeen team are developing models to predict which distant planets might harbor underground reservoirs of liquid water with the possibility of alien life.
28.What is considered as the symbol of life existence traditionally?D
A.Solid water on its surface.
B.Solid water below ground.
C.Liquid water below ground.
D.Liquid water on its surface.
29.Why did John Parnell mention the fact about Earth?B
A.To prove that there is majority of life on Earth.
B.To prove that life may also exist in other planets.
C.To prove that there is primitive life down through Earth.
D.To prove that there is a habitat for microorganisms below Earth.
30.What theory is the Aberdeen team's study based on?D
A.Planets can lose water through evaporation.
B.Planets can receive heat direct from the star.
C.Planets can have their surface water locked away as ice.
D.Planets can receive heat generated deep inside the planet.
31.What can we know about the computer models?A
A.They will help identify planets where there is life.
B.They will help researchers find Goldilocks zones.
C.They have helped find some significant discoveries.
D.They have already located some habitats for life.
6.Everybody gets angry,but out-of-control anger isn't good for you or those around you.So 
here are five simple strategies to help you learn how to manage your anger:
•Relax.Breathe deeply,from your stomach.(36)F Repeat it to yourself and visualize a relaxing time and experience.
•Change the way you think.When you're angry,your thinking can get exaggerated (夸大的).(37)A
 For instance,instead of telling yourself,"Oh,it's terrible!Everything's ruined,"tell yourself,"It's understadable that I'm upset about it,but it's not the end of the world."
(38)•C Statements like"This never works."or"You're always forgetting things."will make you feel your anger is justified (情有可原的) and there's no way to solve the problem.
They might upset people who might be willing to work with you on a solution.
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•Use humor.Psychologists say that highly angry people tend to think"things ought to go my way!""Silly humor"can help you get a more balanced perspective.So,when you feel that anger coming the next time,picture yourself as a king or queen,walking around,admired by everybody,and getting your own way in every situation.The more detail you can get into your
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A.Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones.
B.Listen carefully to what the other person is saying.
C.Be careful with words like"never"or"always".
D.Avoid using these strategies when you're in a tense situation.
E.Try changing the topics so your talks won't turn into arguments.
F.Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as"take it easy".
G.That will help you realize that the things you're angry about are really not very important.

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