The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蚁堆).

Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn’t have to be imported.

The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通风口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.

During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.

This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature changes—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its hot summers and cold winters,” Pearce said.

The engineering firm of Ove Arup & Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned buildings, where up to 30% of the air is recycled.

1.Why was Eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building?

A. It was designed in a smaller size.

B. No air conditioners were fixed in.

C. Its heating system was less advanced.

D. It used rather different building materials.

2.What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?

A. Hollow space.

B. Baseboard vent.

C. Fresh air from outside.

D. Heat in the building.

3.Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?

A. New York has less clear skies as Harare.

B. Its dampness affects the circulation of air.

C. New York covers a larger area than Harare.

D. Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.

4.The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s temperature control system_____.

A. works better in hot seasons

B. can recycle up to 30% of the air

C. functions well for most of the year

D. allows a wide range of temperatures

下面文章中有5处(第1—5小题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Adjust mental attitudes

B. Be willing to communicate

C. Pay attention to safety issues

D. Adapt to new learning methods

E. Make and stick to learning plans

F. Develop self-motivation for learning

Tip for Chinese Students Studying Abroad

As living conditions in China are getting better, parents who want their children to have a bright future invest large sums of money to send their children to study abroad. However, there are countless difficulties that students have to face and solve when they study abroad. Therefore it is necessary for Chinese overseas students to be aware of certain things to which they must pay attention.

1.______

Safety issues before and after studying abroad have been one of the focuses of parents. However, all experts consider psychological preparation as the most important thing for students studying abroad to consider. They believe that students must have a clear picture of their position and know that they are going abroad to study and receive training and not for leisure. And they should not have the opinion that everything abroad is good and all things from China are bad. Students should prepare themselves for the differences.

2.______

Chinese students have got accustomed to the domestic exam-oriented education style that is completely different from the more open foreign education mode. They will face changes in the educational system while studying abroad. So students should learn about the differences between the domestic and foreign education styles and try to find more solutions to adjusting to the open education in order to be well prepared for their overseas studies both mentally and practically.

3.______

Students should ask related teachers to help make plans consistent with their practical condition. There should be both macro and detailed learning plans. Macro learning plans require students to hold on to the primary direction of their overseas studies and detailed learning plans require them to arrange learning content for each course and semester. After the plan is made, they should strictly keep to them. Otherwise, the plan will have no effect.

4.______

As Chinese students are not familiar with the place and people, and have no relatives by their sides, the first feeling they will feel is loneliness, which makes it especially important to learn to develop relationships with people around them. They may meet all kinds of fascinating people abroad. They should go out of their way to be friendly and strike up conversations. The most important thing is to pluck up enough courage to open your mouth and talk with others. Foreigners really like children of this kind and are willing to help them.

5.______

Foreign children are used to learning by themselves in or after class, but Chinese children are used to teacher-centered education. Guided and supervised by parents and teachers, Chinese students don’t have much learning space. They may score high in exams, but they may lack independent learning skills and tend to be in a state of passive learning. So the most basic thing that children need to know is that studying abroad requires that they should adapt to overseas studies as soon as possible and try their best to learn actively and independently.

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网