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阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are many different taboos (禁忌) around the world. A taboo is a social action that is not 1. (allow). Almost every culture in the world has 2. (it) own taboos. When you meet people from different cultures, it is important 3. (understand) what you can and cannot do. If we are not aware 4. these differences, some unusual 5. (thing) might happen. For instance, in China, it 6. (be) rude to put the chopsticks into a bowl of rice straightly as it is often done for the dead. If you visit Nepal, you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands, 7. in North America and the UK, people greet one another by 8. (shake) hands. If you will do business with a South American, it seems 9. (impolitely) to be dressed in the light colors. What about Japanese? They dislike the lotus and 10. not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower (丧花). While these different customs might seem strange to you, remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others.

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Recently I read the Human Development Report. I couldn’t help thinking about another problem which the world is facing--hunger. According to the report, 2,400 people are dying from hunger every day; nearly 13 million in southern Africa will be worried about their food supply because of earthquakes, floods or wars.

In a word, hunger remains the biggest problem of the world today. It’s strange to see that man can travel to the moon, but still doesn’t know how to feed himself. You may ask, “Who steals our bread? The first thieves should be population growth, poverty and loss of rich farmland.

In less developed areas like South Africa, the population grows faster than the crops. It is almost impossible for its government to feed so many people and provide education for them. So it is very important to control the population growth and protect their farmland in countries whose people are suffering from hunger.

According to the report, the world’s food production is enough to feed everyone if it is given away well. But the problem is that the developed countries are eating food that should be given to the poor. Although they are just using their own earning, the fact is that they are coldly watching others starving away.

Luckily, some developed countries such as Netherlands, Norway and Sweden have done a lot to help those hungry people in African countries. We hope other developed countries will follow them.

1.According to the passage, which of the following CANNOT help to make fewer people hungry?

A. Poor countries protect their rich farmland.

B. Poor countries control their population growth.

C. Rich countries give some food to the poor ones.

D. Rich countries produce more food to feed themselves.

2.What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A. Poor countries are cold and going to die out.

B. Rich countries aren’t willing to help poor countries.

C. Rich countries notice the problems of the poor countries

D. Rich countries are trying their best to help poor countries.

3.Why are many people suffering from hunger in developing countries?

A. Because there are so many people.

B. Because there are so many developed countries.

C. Because there are so many natural disasters and wars.

D. Because there isn’t enough food production in the world.

4.What does the author mean in the last sentence?.

A. More countries will give help to Norway.

B. More countries will be as rich as Sweden.

C. Poor countries should learn from rich ones.

D. More rich countries will help the hungry people.

Tht Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.

1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?

·Finding:A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.

·Step:Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.

2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?

·Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.

·Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.

3. How often do you think about fighting germs?

·Finding:Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.

·Step:Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.

1.What is found out American seniors?

A. Most of then have good habits.

B. Nearly 30%of then bathe three days a week .

C. All of then are fighting germs better than expected .

D. About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day

2.Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands_________ .

A. twice a day B. three times a day

C. eight times a day D. four times a day

3.The text probably comes from ________.

A. a guide book B. a popular magazine

C. a book review D. an official document

Memphis Meats, a San Francisco startup company trying to create lab-grown meat from animal cells(细胞), released a video on Tuesday that shows the world’s first cultured meatball getting fried up in a pan.

“We watched how the meatball reacted in the pan, we heard the sizzle, we smelled the meat and it was exactly how you would expect a meatball to smell,” Memphis Meats chief executive Uma Valeti said in the video. “This is the first time a meatball has ever been cooked with beef cells that didn’t need a cow to be killed.”

Memphis Meats grows animal muscle tissue(组织) using stem cells of cows and pigs and feeds them oxygen and nutrients(营养物质), according to the Wall Street Journal. While there are no animals killed in making the meats, the firm does use fetal bovine serum(胎牛血清) from unborn cattle's blood to start the process.

So far, the cells grow in extremely thin layers, which is very expensive. Now it costs about $18,000 to produce a pound of Memphis Meats beef--compared to about $4 for store-bought beef.

But the company, founded by three scientists, has been experimenting growing meat from stem cells from cows, pigs, and chickens and says it’ll be selling its animal-free products to high-end customers in three to four years.

The company’s first line of products will include hot dogs, sausages, burgers and meatballs.

Valeti said in the video that his company’s process also produces 90 percent fewer greenhouse gases than traditional agriculture.

“The meat industry knows their products aren’t sustainable(可持续的),” Valeti told the Wall Street Journal. “We believe that in 20 years, a majority of meat sold in stores will be cultured.”

It’s too early to say if we’ll all be cooking lab-grown meatballs, chicken wings, and pork chops. But for now, there is a big push to be the first to bring these foods to our plates.

1.What can be the best title for the passage?

A. Lab-grown meat is to hit the market.

B. Lab-grown meat smells as delicious.

C. Lab-grown meat is animal-free.

D. Lab-grown meat will replace traditional meat soon.

2.What’s the biggest disadvantage of the lab-grown meat?

A. It is difficult to grow.

B. It is too expensive.

C. It is difficult to be accepted by customers.

D. It doesn’t have many varieties.

3.What can we know about the lab-grown meat?

A. The layers where it grows are very expensive.

B. Cattle’s blood is needed to feed the cells.

C. Lab-grown meat has nothing to do with animals.

D. The growing process costs a lot.

4.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Lab-grown meat tastes exactly like traditional meat.

B. Traditional meat industry is not sustainable.

C. Lab-grown meat is environmentally friendly.

D. Lab-grown meat is best suitable for frying.

When I was in college, I spent a semester studying abroad at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland. In my brief time there, I came to love Scotland for its local culture, food and scenery.

You might think, “Scotland isn’t so different from the US; they still speak English there!” But when I stepped off the plane, I was greeted by a gruff-voiced(声音粗哑的) lady at customs. “You’ll be coming from America, then?” She asked me, and I nodded. “But all of our guys are leaving Glasgow for the States!” Her thick Scottish English and sense of humor were obvious right away. I was not in the US any more, where customs agents never joke around.

As I settled in at the university, I could feel myself getting used to hearing—and even speaking—the Scottish English of my customs agent. In classroom discussions, people would say “em” when they couldn’t think of what to say instead of “um”, which was great fun. After the first few weeks, I stopped chuckling about this. Strathclyde students stayed up late into the night, running around campus and shouting, “Go! Let’s go, let’s go, let’s go [curse word] Glasgow!” Pretty soon, I was no longer saying “thanks” at the supermarket—instead, I said “cheers”.

My Scottish friends drank whiskey and ate haggis(羊杂碎布丁). I drank plenty of whiskey but felt ashamed to admit that I wasn't brave enough to try haggis. Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies (肉馅饼). Add a cup of tea—though I usually Americanized it by choosing coffee instead—and a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.

Every time I took a train anywhere in Scotland, I’d gaze out at the rolling hills and wonder if grass was greener than anywhere else in the world. Then I’d reflect that there’s a reason this country was the birthplace of golf.

1.What did the author think of the lady at customs?

A. Impolite. B. Friendly.

C. Serious. D. Calm.

2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “chuckling” in Paragraph 3?

A. Talking loudly. B. Comparing.

C. Laughing quietly. D. Hearing.

3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To explain why Scotland was famous for golf.

B. To promote the development of Scottish catering trade.

C. To introduce different pronunciations of “em”and “um”.

D. To share his experiences in Scotland as an exchange student.

You can’t make a call or send a text on your mobile phone in the US town of Green Bank, West Virginia. Wireless Internet is outlawed, as is Bluetooth. As you approach the tiny town on a two-lane road that snakes through the mountains, your mobile phone signal drops out, and your radio stops working. The rusted pay phone on the north side of town is the only way for a visitor to reach the rest of the world. It’s a pre-modern place by design, lacking of the latest technologies that define life today.

The reason for the town’s empty airwaves is apparent the moment you arrive. It’s the Robert C. Byrd telescope, also known as the GBT, a shiny white, 147-metre-tall satellite dish. It’s the largest of its kind in the world and one of nine in Green Bank, all of them government owned and operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO).

You don’t look through these kinds of telescopes. They’re radio telescopes, so instead of looking for distant stars, they listen for them. There’s a long line of astronomers all over the world who want to use the telescope which is so sensitive that it could hear a single snowflake hitting the ground 1,000 miles away.

Such a sensitive listening tool needs total technological silence to operate, so in 1958 the US government created a National Radio Quiet Zone, a 33,000 km2 area covering Green Bank where, to this day, electronic and radio signals are forbidden every hour of every day.

People who live within a 15km of the Green Bank telescope are allowed to use landline telephones, wired Internet and cable televisions, but microwave ovens, wireless Internet and radios are forbidden. You can have a mobile phone, but you won’t get a signal.

Because of how much its way of life varies from the rest of America, Green Bank seems to be a somewhat isolated (隔绝), even alien place. For locals, the technology ban is annoying. For others who come to Green Bank for a little rest and relaxation, the town has become a refuge.

1.What do we know about the town of Green Bank from Paragraph 1?

A. It’s located at the base of a large mountain.

B. It is geographically and technologically isolated.

C. Its telecommunications are affected by its geography.

D. Many people live in the town and its surrounding areas.

2.How does the GBT work?

A. It traps light waves in its huge dish.

B. It stops all electronic and radio signals.

C. It receives pictures from space satellites.

D. It listens for and receives noises from space.

3.What equipment are locals of the Green Bank allowed to use?

A. Cable TV, wired Internet and radio.

B. Landline phones, wired Internet and cable TV.

C. Public phones, wireless Internet and mobile phones.

D. Landline phones, microwave ovens and cable internet.

4.What does the underlined word “refuge” in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A. A place of escape. B. A source of confusion.

C. An area of interest. D. A sign of danger.

Make the right choices

What is life’s greatest gift?1.Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is so great about choice? It transforms us from dumb animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻)our life. The tool doesn’t come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility.2.The reward is happiness.

Life is not still. It is a flow.3.We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what corrective measures can I take? What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals? Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life.

4.And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment.

All chess lovers realize that it isn’t necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game.5.

A. It is free will or choice

B. You have to make choices every day

C. Make the best moves you can under the circumstances

D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return

E. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals

F. Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get

G. Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to

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