题目内容

The two elderly sisters, ____ so long, held each other.


  1. A.
    being separated
  2. B.
    having been separated
  3. C.
    to be separated
  4. D.
    had been separated
B
考查非谓语动词做状语。根据句意可知是已经分隔很久了。根据句子结构可知D错误，可以在had前面加who。A项是正在被隔开，C项是将要被隔开。句意：那两个分离多年的老姐妹紧紧地相拥在一起。
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It was early morning. Peter Corbett helped Mark Wellman out of his wheelchair and onto the ground. They stood before El Capitan, a huge mass of rock almost three-quarters of a mile high in California's beautiful Yosemite Valley. It had been Mark's dream to climb El Capitan for as long as he could remember. But how could a person without the use of his legs hope to try to climb it?
Mark knew he couldn't finish the climb alone, but his friend Peter, an expert rock climber, would be there to lend a helping hand. He and Mark thought that it would take seven days to reach the top.
Peter climbed about 100 feet up and hammered a piton (岩钉) into the rock. Fastening one end of a 165-foot rope to the piton, he let one end of the rope fall down. Mark caught the rope and fastened it to his belt with a special instrument. This instrument would allow Mark to move upward, but would prevent him from falling even as much as a single inch. He next reached above his head and fastened a T-shaped bar to the rope, using the same kind of instrument.
Mark took a deep breath, pushed the T-bar up almost as far as his arms could reach, and began the first of the 7,000 pull-ups needed to reach the top. High above, Peter let out a cheer. “You're on your way.”
Seven years before, at the age of twenty-one, he had fallen while mountain climbing, injuring his backbone. The fall cost him the use of his legs, but he never lost his love of adventure or his joyful spirit.
For the first four days the two men progressed steadily upward without incident. But on the fifth day an unbearably hot wind began to blow, and as time went by, it became stronger and stronger, causing Mark to sway (摇摆) violently on his rope. But Mark kept on determinedly pushing up the T-bar and pulling himself up. In spite of that, he had to admit that he felt a lot better when the wind finally died down and his body touched solid rock again.
It took them one day more than they had expected, but on July 26 at 1:45 in the afternoon, the crowd of people waiting on the top went wild with joy as the two heads appeared. Mark Wellman had shown that if you set your heart and mind on a goal, no wall is too high, no dream impossible.
【小题1】What had Mark Wellman long desired to do?

A．To finish one of the most difficult rock climbs in the world.
B．To be the first to climb El Capitan.
C．To climb the highest mountain in California.
D．To help his friend Peter climb El Capitan.
【小题2】How did Mark climb the mountain?
A．He fastened the rope to his wheelchair.
B．He hammered in pitons so that he had something to hold on to.
C．He held on to the T-bar and Peter pulled him up.
D．He pulled himself up using a T-bar and special equipment.
【小题3】What was the worst problem Mark had during the climb?
A．He struck against the rock and hurt his arms.
B．A strong wind blew him away from the rock.
C．He kept falling several inches.
D．While swaying in space, he became terrified.
【小题4】How did Mark react to difficulties during the climb?
A．He admitted that he was frightened.
B．He often worried about his friend's condition.
C．He was able to remain clam and determined.
D．He was joking to cheer himself up.


D
The recent, apparently successful, prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of El Nino—the warm ocean How that periodically develops along the Pacific coast of South America has excited researchers．Jacob Bjerknes pointed out years ago how winds might create either abnormally warm or abnormally cold water in the eastern equatorial （赤道附近的） Pacific．Nevertheless, before the creation of the models, no one could explain why conditions should regularly change between appearances of the warm El Nino and the so-called anti-El Nino．The answer, at least if the current model that links the behavior of the ocean to that of the atmosphere is correct, is to be found in the ocean．
It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific and winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east．The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the east, send a signal to the west lowering sea level at the same time．According to the model, that signal is created as a negative （负的） Rossby wave, a wave of lower sea level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day．Taking months to move across the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smootli wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains．
When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into many coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative sea-level signal．These eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator drove by the earth at a．speed of about．250 kilometers per day．When enough Kelvin waves of adequate amplitude （振幅） arrive from the western Pacific, their negative sea-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism, raising the sea level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode．This produces a gradual change in winds, one that will eventually send positive sea-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle—ending positive Kelvin waves beginning another warming cycle．
67．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How Rossby waves are found．
B．Where El Nino is formed．
C．What the models predict．
D．How the models work．
68．Where does El Nino often appear?
A．Along the western coast of the USA .
B．In the Pacific in the south, of the equator．
C．In the Pacific in the north of the equator．
D．Along the southern coast of South America．
69．What is right according to the passage?
A．Rossby waves and Kelvin waves move in opposite directions along the equator．
B．People could explain El Nino before the creation of the mathematical models．
C．Adequate sea-level waves can produce westward positive cold cycle．
D．The speed of Rossby waves is faster than that of Kelvin waves．
70．What does the underlined word "waves" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Kelvin waves．       B．Sea-level signals．   C．Coastal waves．   D．Rossby waves．

Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino （厄尔尼诺）. The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world. Scientists still do not completely understand it. Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.

One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel. A scientist of Zimbabwe（津巴布韦）, Roger Buckland worked with them. They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain. This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor. The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993. That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.

The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication（出版物）Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does. They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving.

1.El Nino is known as ___.

A. the changing of the weather in southern Africa

B. the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean

C. the weather which brings drought（旱灾）to Africa

D. the weather phenomenon（现象）that brings heavy rains to Africa

2.Scientists study El Nino in order that ___.

A. they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought

B. they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain

C. they can do some research work in this field.

D. they can put all this information into their computers.

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.

B. Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.

C. Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.

D. El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

A. The computer is used in this research work.

B. Scientists know when an El Nino appears by means of the computer program.

C. The scientists published their results of the research work.

D. Nature is the name of the article written recently by the scientists.

5.What’s the best title for this passage?

A. Appearance of El Nino is Predictable（可预测的）

B. Drought in Zimbabwe

C. Early Warning System

D. Weather in Africa

 

It was early morning. Peter Corbett helped Mark Wellman out of his wheelchair and onto the ground. They stood before El Capitan, a huge mass of rock almost three-quarters of a mile high in California's beautiful Yosemite Valley. It had been Mark's dream to climb El Capitan for as long as he could remember. But how could a person without the use of his legs hope to try to climb it?

Mark knew he couldn't finish the climb alone, but his friend Peter, an expert rock climber, would be there to lend a helping hand. He and Mark thought that it would take seven days to reach the top.

Peter climbed about 100 feet up and hammered a piton (岩钉) into the rock. Fastening one end of a 165-foot rope to the piton, he let one end of the rope fall down. Mark caught the rope and fastened it to his belt with a special instrument. This instrument would allow Mark to move upward, but would prevent him from falling even as much as a single inch. He next reached above his head and fastened a T-shaped bar to the rope, using the same kind of instrument.

Mark took a deep breath, pushed the T-bar up almost as far as his arms could reach, and began the first of the 7,000 pull-ups needed to reach the top. High above, Peter let out a cheer. “You're on your way.”

Seven years before, at the age of twenty-one, he had fallen while mountain climbing, injuring his backbone. The fall cost him the use of his legs, but he never lost his love of adventure or his joyful spirit.

For the first four days the two men progressed steadily upward without incident. But on the fifth day an unbearably hot wind began to blow, and as time went by, it became stronger and stronger, causing Mark to sway (摇摆) violently on his rope. But Mark kept on determinedly pushing up the T-bar and pulling himself up. In spite of that, he had to admit that he felt a lot better when the wind finally died down and his body touched solid rock again.

It took them one day more than they had expected, but on July 26 at 1:45 in the afternoon, the crowd of people waiting on the top went wild with joy as the two heads appeared. Mark Wellman had shown that if you set your heart and mind on a goal, no wall is too high, no dream impossible.

1.What had Mark Wellman long desired to do?

A．To finish one of the most difficult rock climbs in the world.

B．To be the first to climb El Capitan.

C．To climb the highest mountain in California.

D．To help his friend Peter climb El Capitan.

2.How did Mark climb the mountain?

A．He fastened the rope to his wheelchair.

B．He hammered in pitons so that he had something to hold on to.

C．He held on to the T-bar and Peter pulled him up.

D．He pulled himself up using a T-bar and special equipment.

3.What was the worst problem Mark had during the climb?

A．He struck against the rock and hurt his arms.

B．A strong wind blew him away from the rock.

C．He kept falling several inches.

D．While swaying in space, he became terrified.

4.How did Mark react to difficulties during the climb?

A．He admitted that he was frightened.

B．He often worried about his friend's condition.

C．He was able to remain clam and determined.

D．He was joking to cheer himself up.

 

It was early morning. Peter Corbett helped Mark Wellman out of his wheelchair and onto the ground. They stood before El Capitan, a huge mass of rock almost three-quarters of a mile high in California’s beautiful Yosemite Valley. It had been Mark’s dream to climb El Capitan for as long as he could remember. But how could a person without the use of his legs hope to try to climb it?

Mark knew he couldn’t finish the climb alone, but his friend Peter, an expert rock climber, would be there to lend a helping hand. He and Mark thought that it would take seven days to reach the top.

Peter climbed about 100 feet up and hammered a piton(岩钉) into the rock. Fastening one end of a 165-foot rope to the piton, he let one end of the rope fall down. Mark caught the rope and fastened it to his belt with a special instrument. This instrument would allow Mark to move upward, but would prevent him from falling even as much as a single inch. He next reached above his head and fastened a T-shaped bar to the rope, using the same kind of instrument.

Mark took a deep breath, pushed the T-bar up almost as far as his arms could reach, and began the first of the 7, 000 pull-ups needed to reach the top. High above, Peter let out a cheer. “You’re on your way.”

Seven years before, at the age of twenty-one, Mark had fallen while mountain climbing, injuring his backbone. The fall cost him the use of his legs, but he never lost his love of adventure or his joyful spirit.

For the first four days the two men progressed steadily upward without incident. But on the fifth day an unbearably hot wind began to blow, and as time went by, it became stronger and stronger, causing Mark to sway(摇摆) violently on his rope. But Mark kept on determinedly pushing up the T-bar and pulling himself up. In spite of that, he had to admit that he felt a lot better when the wind finally died down and his body touched solid rock again.

It took them one day more than they had expected, but on July 26 at 1:45 in the afternoon, the crowd of people waiting on the top went wild with joy as the two heads appeared. Mark Wellman had shown that if you set your heart and mind on a goal, no wall is too high, no dream impossible.

1.What had Mark Wellman long desired to do?

A. To finish one of the most difficult rock climbs in the world.

B. To be the first to climb El Capitan.

C. To climb the highest mountain in California.

D. To help his friend Peter climb El Capitan.

2.How did Mark climb the mountain?

A. He fastened the rope to his wheelchair.

B. He hammered in pitons so that he had something to hold on to.

C. He held on to the T-bar and Peter pulled him up.

D. He pulled himself up using a T-bar and special equipment.

3. How did Mark lose the use of his legs?

A. He lost his footing and fell from the side of a mountain.

B. He fell during his first attempt on El Capitan.

C. His legs were broken by falling rocks.

D. While working out in the gym, he injured his backbone.

4.What was the worst problem Mark had during the climb?

A. He struck against the rock and hurt his arms.

B. A strong wind blew him away from the rock.

C. He kept falling several inches.

D. While swaying in space, he became terrified.

5.How did Mark react to difficulties during the climb?

A. He admitted that he was frightened.

B. He often worried about his friend’ s condition.

C. He was able to remain clam and determined.

D. He was joking to cheer himself up.

 

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